Synergistic Efficacy of Antibiotics and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Eichhornia crassipes

The increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance has made an important public health issue in the present scenario.  Thus it is urging to develop alternate and more effective therapeutic strategies to treat both Gram-negative and Gram-positive microbes.  Now a days silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized biologically gaining much importance with different applications as they are nontoxic and eco-friendliness. The antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extracts of Eichhornia crassipes was evaluated with the panel of antibiotics like vancomycin, penicillin, streptomycin and tetracycline and microorganisms in the category of either gram positive or gram negative type. E. coli and S. aureus proved to be effective with highest zone formation. In addition, possible synergistic effects of antibiotics were loaded with standard concentration of 20 μl of AgNPs and the effect of inhibition was highest in the antibiotic Tetracycline followed by Streptomycin, Vancomycin and Penicillin with different tested microbes. The synergistic association of antibiotics with biosynthesized metallic silver nanoparticles proved to be effective against the tested microbes than control. The antibiotics showed higher zone of inhibition when added to AgNPs

In vitro propagation of an epiphytic and rare orchid Eria bambusifolia Lindl.

Orchids seeds are minute, unique lacking storage tissues and they are marveled for their mystic shapes and colour for centuries. Asymbiotic seed germination opened up new avenues in rescuing of orchids from their wild population. In the present study, an epiphytic and rare orchid Eria bambusifolia seeds were germinated in two different Knudson (KC) and Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium. Higher germination percentage was noted in MS medium so it was selected for further studies. The MS medium was nourished with different phytohormones and NAA at 2 mg/l was found to enhance shoot and root length. The rooted seedlings were acclimatized successfully

ASSESSMENT OF INFLAMMATORY STATUS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

Objective: The metabolic disorder, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a major health problem which is the risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular accident, renal failure, and other macrovascular diseases. Inflammation is the major pathogenesis of all the above conditions. Therefore, there is a need to assess the inflammatory status using simple and reliable marker which would help to diagnose the disease and assess the prognosis of the disease. Hence, the aim of the current study is to estimate the level of simple inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP) in Type 2 diabetes individual.Materials and Method: Fifty patients, reporting to Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, were enrolled in the study which includes 25 patients with T2DM and 25 healthy individuals. 5 ml of venous blood was collected and centrifuged. Then, it is analyzed for fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and CRP using the standard kit method. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using the SPSS software.Results: The mean FBS, HbA1c, and CRP levels were higher in T2DM patients in comparison to healthy individuals. The serum FBS, HbA1c, and CRP levels in the control group and T2DM group were 85.08±8.47, 4.27±0.63, and 6.51±0.83 and 168, 7.38±0.9, and 27.23±19.06, respectively. There was a significant (p=0.000) difference in the mean CRP levels of the above groups.Conclusion: CRP level were consistently higher in T2DM individuals; hence, it could be a simple and reliable marker to assess the inflammatory status of the diabetic individuals

Antibacterial efficacy of Cissus quadrangularis from different provinces

Cissus quadrangularis is commonly known as Bone setter. It is known for its biological properties, with many phytochemical properties. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Cissus quadrangularis collected from different regions like Andhrapradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The solvent chloroform was used for extraction and samples were tested against different group of microorganisms like E. coli, Beta hemolytic staphylococcus, Pseudomonas putida and Staphylococcus aureus. Variation in the antibacterial activity was observed among the microbial pathogens tried

In vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy using Passiflora foetida Activated Carbon

Activated carbon (AC) has found its attention in pollution control and wastewater treatment to remove various pollutants. Activated carbon can be prepared by physical and chemical activation methods. The chemical activation methods were advantageous over physical activation due to process accomplishment at lower temperature and greater yield which avoids burn-off char. Activated carbon was usually used as an adsorbent for dye removal from wastewater which could be related to their extended surface area, high adsorption capacity, microporous structure and special surface reactivity. Microbial pollution and contamination have produced various problems in industrial and medical fields. Based on this, the present study was attempted on the preparation of activated carbon from Passiflora foetida and evaluating for its antibacterial efficacy against twelve different microorganisms by agar well diffusion method. The results were found to be very effective with higher zone of inhibition against almost all the microorganisms tested. Moreover, the activity was considerably more against Shigella flexneri (MTCC 1457) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MTCC 10309).In addition to this, the shake flask test in saline had proved that the colonial growth of E.coli was inhibited with respect to the concentration of activated carbon and time of incubation.Â

Production/maintenance cooperative scheduling using multi-agents and fuzzy logic

Within companies, production is directly concerned with the manufacturing schedule, but other services like sales, maintenance, purchasing or workforce management should also have an influence on this schedule. These services often have together a hierarchical relationship, i.e. the leading function (most of the time sales or production) generates constraints defining the framework within which the other functions have to satisfy their own objectives. We show how the multi-agent paradigm, often used in scheduling for its ability to distribute decision-making, can also provide a framework for making several functions cooperate in the schedule performance. Production and maintenance have been chosen as an example: having common resources (the machines), their activities are actually often conflicting. We show how to use a fuzzy logic in order to model the temporal degrees of freedom of the two functions, and show that this approach may allow one to obtain a schedule that provides a better compromise between the satisfaction of the respective objectives of the two functions

Cardiovascular risk in chronic myeloid leukaemia: A multidisciplinary consensus on screening and management

INTRODUCTION: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become the mainstay of treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), but cardiovascular (CV) risk and exacerbation of underlying risk factors associated with TKIs have become widely debated. Real-world evidence reveals little application of CV risk factor screening or continued monitoring within UK CML management. This consensus paper presents practical recommendations to assist healthcare professionals in conducting CV screening/comorbidity management for patients receiving TKIs. METHODS: We conducted a multidisciplinary panel meeting and two iterative surveys involving 10 CML specialists: five haematologists, two cardio-oncologists, one vascular surgeon, one haemato-oncology pharmacist and one specialist nurse practitioner. RESULTS: The panel recommended that patients commencing second-/third-generation TKIs undergo formal CV risk assessment at baseline, with additional investigations and involvement of cardiologists/vascular surgeons for those with high CV risk. During treatment, patients should undergo CV monitoring, with the nature and frequency of testing dependent on TKI and baseline CV risk. For patients who develop CV adverse events, decision-making around TKI interruption, cessation or change should be multidisciplinary and balance CV and haematological risk. CONCLUSION: The panel anticipates these recommendations will support healthcare professionals in implementing CV risk screening and monitoring, broadly and consistently, and thereby help optimise TKI treatment for CML