Resilience of Pomorskie region to economic crisis.

Economic resilience is defined as the ability of the economy to overcome the negative external shocks. It depends on macroeconomic factors and internal conditions of the country or region. Macroeconomic factors include fiscal policy, economic and monetary policy. Among the internal factors economic structure, the level of restructuring and modernization of enterprises, competitiveness and innovation should be mentioned. Among the important soft internal factors level of human capital, including entrepreneurship can be distinguished. The aim of the paper is to present the issue of economic resilience and explain what are the main factors constituting resilience of Pomorskie region (voivodship) in Poland. To achieve this aim, authors first give a theoretical introduction regarding the economic resilience concept as well as describe the methods of economic resilience measurement. Secondly the macroeconomic, external factors affecting the analysed region are discussed. Next the authors measure resilience of Pomorskie region basing on statistical data and compare the resilience of Pomorskie region with other regions in Poland. At the and the authors, basing on extensive interviews with experts, representatives of regional business and administration, attempt to explain why Pomorskie region is more resilient to economic crises than other Polish regions. In this part Pomorskie economy structure is presented too.

Mixing Suspensions in Slender Tanks

Industrial suspension mixing processes are carried out both in standard tanks (H/D =1) and in the tanks with height H/D > 1. When only one impeller is used in such slender tanks, it may be difficult to produce a suspension of desired homogeneity. Hence it may be necessary to install a larger number of impellers on the shaft.The aim of this study was to explain the mechanism of suspension formation in slender tanks (H/D = 2) with an increased number of impellers. On the basis of the solid bed height on the tank bottom, the position of the suspension - water interface and the concentration profile of solid particles in the suspension (standard deviation of solid body concentration) the operation of the impellers was estimated and conclusions were drawn on how and at what distance from each other to install them were presented.The location of the upper, highest impeller appeared to be specially significant. On the basis of this study it is recommended to locate the upper impeller so that its distance from the free liquid surface is less than 0.8 D. It was found that such a position of the highest impeller was also advantageous from the energy point of view

Efficiency of mass penetration for self-sucking mixers

Celem niniejszej pracy jest określenie (na podstawie wartości współczynnika wnikania masy przypadającego na jednostkę mocy mieszania, kL/PG) optymalnych warunków pracy samozasysającego mieszadła tarczowego. Metodą fotograficzną określono w pracy wymiary pęcherzyków gazu oraz powierzchnię międzyfazową układu i na podstawie pomiarów objętościowego współczynnika wnikania masy przedstawiono efektywność pracy mieszadła. Dla badanego typu mieszadła wartości współczynników wnikania masy ustalają się począwszy od wartości Fr’≈0,4. W przypadku roztworu elektrolitu (NaCl) efektywność wnikania masy jest nieco mniejsza niż w przypadku cieczy - nieelektolitów (woda, roztwór rokrysolu).The aim of this study is to determine optimum operating conditions for a self-aspirating disk impeller on the basis of mass transfer coefficient per unit of mixing power, kL/PG. Gas bubble sizes and interfacial area of the system were calculated using a photographic method and the impeller operation efficiency was presented on the basis of measurements of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient. For the tested impeller, the values of mass transfer coefficient are settled starting from Fr'≈0.4. In the case of electrolyte solution (NaCl), the mass transfer efficiency is slightly lower than in the case of liquids being non-electrolytes, e.g. water and rokrysol solution

Power consumption of a screw agitator used in an evaporating crystallizer

W pracy zaproponowano sposób określania mocy mieszadeł pracujących w warnikach cukrowniczych. Obliczenie to następuje na podstawie dwóch liczbowych współczynników, których wartości określa się doświadczalnie.A method to determine mixing power of screw impellers in evaporating crystallizers is proposed. Relevant calculations were made on the basis of two numerical coefficients whose values are determined experimentally

Mixing Suspensions in Slender Tanks

Industrial suspension mixing processes are carried out both in standard tanks (H/D =1) and in the tanks with height H/D > 1. When only one impeller is used in such slender tanks, it may be difficult to produce a suspension of desired homogeneity. Hence it may be necessary to install a larger number of impellers on the shaft.The aim of this study was to explain the mechanism of suspension formation in slender tanks (H/D = 2) with an increased number of impellers. On the basis of the solid bed height on the tank bottom, the position of the suspension - water interface and the concentration profile of solid particles in the suspension (standard deviation of solid body concentration) the operation of the impellers was estimated and conclusions were drawn on how and at what distance from each other to install them were presented.The location of the upper, highest impeller appeared to be specially significant. On the basis of this study it is recommended to locate the upper impeller so that its distance from the free liquid surface is less than 0.8 D. It was found that such a position of the highest impeller was also advantageous from the energy point of view

Economic sustainability at the UBC Farm : exploring alternative crops, new partnerships, and long-term plans

The UBC Farm remains a vestige of invaluable local biodiversity in an increasingly urban setting. It is a unique venue for student-centered learning and locally grown organic produce, which continues to serve a thriving market garden. Considering the research and recommendations of previous assessments of the Farm, it is evident that effort must be made to increase its financial viability, while maintaining its principles and practices of socio-ecological sustainability, in order to ensure its permanence. After analyzing its current operations and surveying various schemes used at other North American university farms, we have developed several recommendations and strategies that take into account the different challenges that pertain to the UBC Farm. It is our view that the Farm needs to expand its cultivated area so as to increase direct sales to current clients (including Sage Bistro and other UBC outlets), expand into new markets (such as local restaurants), as well as develop a mixed-crop plan that would continue to serve the Market Garden and integrate higher-value, long-term crops for new markets. This is a unique vision for a university farm. However, its fulfillment is hindered by a lack of external funding and a relatively small land-base (the cultivatable area is limited to 8 ha, of which less than half is in use). Most importantly, the Farm falls within the UBC Official Community Plan’s ‘future housing reserve.’ This means that it is at risk of development for residential housing. These specific challenges and conditions provided the impetus for our research, and they indicate the need for innovative projects to expand the operation of the farm and preserve its social integrity and economic viability. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”Land and Food Systems, Faculty ofUnreviewedUndergraduat