The Use of Violin Family Instruments in Music Therapy with Individuals Experiencing Acute Psychiatric Presentations: A Literature Review

This literature review seeks to better understand the unique ways in which the four contemporary violin family instruments - violin, viola, cello, and double bass - can be used in music therapy with individuals experiencing mania, psychosis, and dissociation. In this paper, I explore the ways in which these four instruments have been used throughout Western music history and the different roles assigned to them by composers, as well as the ways in which they are used in music therapy today. I then explore the acute psychiatric presentations of mania, psychosis, and dissociation, and the treatments and goals that tend to be indicated for individuals experiencing each. Drawing from these two bodies of research, I infer ways in which each member of this unique instrument family can be used in the treatment of individuals with these presentations. Findings suggest that each of these instruments possesses characteristics or unique qualities that may lend themselves to music therapy with these individuals. The violin’s acoustic perfection and brilliant, focused sound, the viola’s acoustic imperfection and proclivity for sounds that resemble human speech, the cello’s ability to firmly ground the player through its connection to the ground and the manner in which it is played, and the double bass’s proclivity for supporting through its low tones and rhythmic stability, are among some of these characteristics and qualities. These inferences can be taken into consideration for future research into the use of violin family or other instruments in music therapy with individuals with acute psychiatric presentations

Thermal Detection of Inaccessible Corrosion

In this paper, we explore the mathematical inverse problem of detecting corroded material on the reverse side of a partially accessible metal plate. We will show how a linearization can be used to simplify the initial problem and explain a regularization method used to obtain acceptable results for the corrosion profile. We will also state and perform some calculations for the full three-dimensional problem for possible future work

Molecular dynamics simulations of energetic Ar cluster bombardment of Ag(111)

Large-scale molecular dynamics computer simulations are used to investigate the dynamics of material ejection during high-energy Ar_{n} cluster bombardment of Ag(111) at normal incidence. The silver sample containing 7 million atoms is bombarded with Ar_{n} projectiles (n=45-30000) with kinetic energy spanning from a few keV up to 1 MeV. Such a wide range of projectile parameters allows probing processes taking place during low-density collision cascade as well as during high-density events characteristic of micrometeorite bombardment in space. The material modifications and total sputtering yield of ejected particles are investigated. While at low-energy impacts, ejection of individual silver atoms is the main emission channel, the ejection of large clusters from the corona of the created crater dominates for the high-energy impacts

Partially trapped wave problems and mining plumes

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mathematics, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 129-132).The first portion of this work focuses on leaky modes in the atmospheric sciences. Leaky modes (related to quasi-modes, scattering resonances, and the singularity expansion method) are discrete, oscillatory and decaying modes that arise in conservative systems where waves are partially trapped. By replacing the infinite domain with a finite domain and appropriate boundary conditions it is possible in many cases to construct a complete basis for the solution in terms of these modes. Formulating such effective boundary conditions requires a notion of the direction of propagation of the waves. For this purpose we introduce a generalization of the concept of group speed for exponentially decaying but conservative waves. This is found via an extended modulation argument and a generalization of Whitham's Average Lagrangian theory. The theory also shows that a close relationship exists between the branch cuts of the dispersion relation and the propagation direction, and is used to create spectral decompositions for simple problems in internal gravity waves. The last chapter considers deep-sea nodule mining operations, which potentially involve plans for discharge plumes to be released into the water column by surface operation vessels. We consider the effects of non-uniform, realistic stratifications with vertical shear on forced compressible plumes. The plume model is developed to account for the influence of thermal conduction through the discharge pipe and an initial adjustment phase. We investigate the substantial role of compressibility, for which a dimensionless number is introduced to determine its importance compared to that of the background stratification. Our results show that (i) small-scale stratification features can have a significant impact, (ii) in a static ambient there exists a discharge flow rate that minimizes the plume vertical extent, (iii) the ambient velocity profile plays an important role in determining the final plume scale and dilution factor, and (iv) for a typical plume the dilution factor is expected to be several hundred to a thousand.by Andrew Joseph Rzeznik.Ph. D

Sputtering of benzene sample by large Ne, Ar and Kr clusters : molecular dynamics computer simulations

Molecular dynamics simulations are employed to probe the role of an impact angle on emission efficiency of organic molecules sputtered from benzene crystal bombarded by 15 keV $Ne_{2953}$, $Ar_{2953}$, and $Kr_{2953}$ clusters. It is found that both the cluster type and the angle of incidence have significant effect on the emission efficiency. The shape of the impact angle dependence does not resemble the dependence characteristic for medium size clusters ($C_{60}, Ar_{366}$), where sputtering yield only moderately increases with the impact angle, has a shallow maximum around 40° and then decreases. On the contrary, for the large projectiles ($Ne_{2953}, Ar_{2953}$, and $Kr_{2953}$) the emission efficiency steeply increases with the impact angle, has a pronounced maximum around 55° followed by rapid signal decay. It has been found that the sputtering yield is the most sensitive to the impact angle change for Kr cluster projectiles, while change of the impact angle of Ne projectile has the smallest effect on the efficiency of material ejection

Episode 3: American Catholicism with Dr. Margaret McGuinness and Dr. Tom Rzeznik

If you are interested in the varied aspects that comprise the American Catholic experience especially in both a historical and contemporary context, this podcast will provide an overview of the latest scholarship in this field. Join University Libraries as we interview insights are provided by Dr. Margaret McGuiness and Dr. Tom Rzeznik who co-edited their latest work entitled: The Cambridge Companion of American Catholicism (Cambridge University, 2021)

(Re)descobrindo a vida apesar do câncer

In a qualitative approach, using Case Study with two subjects, the authors took a look at the meaning attributed by them to the fact that they had had cancer, seeking to understand the repercussions resulting from this experience in their lives. The information obtained through semi-structured interviews was analyzed and four emerging themes were found: the perception of cancer, the experience of the disease as a learning process, our lives before, during and after cancer, and the significance of cancer in our lives.Las autoras se mobilizam para conocer lo significado que las personas atribuyen al hecho de tenerem vivido con cáncer, buscando comprender las repercusiones de esta experiencia en la vida. Las informaciones fueron recolectadas a través del estudio de caso y de entrevistas con dos participantes. En la análisis de los datos emergieron cuatro temas: la percepción del cáncer, la experiencia de la enfermidad como aprendizaje, nuestras vidas antes, durante y después del cáncer y el significado del cáncer en nuestras vidas.Numa perspectiva de abordagem qualitativa, através de um Estudo de Caso com dois sujeitos, as autoras mobilizaram-se em conhecer o significado que as pessoas atribuem ao fato de terem vivenciado o câncer, buscando compreender as repercussões decorrentes desta experiência em suas vidas. Procedeu-se a uma análise de enunciação das informações obtidas por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, sendo pontuados quatro temas emergentes: a percepção do câncer, a experiência da doença como um aprendizado, nossas vidas antes, durante e depois do câncer, e o significado do câncer em nossas vidas

Children and adolescents with pulmonary arterial hypertension : baseline and follow-up data from the polish registry of pulmonary hypertension (BNP-PL)

We present the results from the pediatric arm of the Polish Registry of Pulmonary Hypertension. We prospectively enrolled all pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients, between the ages of 3 months and 18 years, who had been under the care of each PAH center in Poland between 1 March 2018 and 30 September 2018. The mean prevalence of PAH was 11.6 per million, and the estimated incidence rate was 2.4 per million/year, but it was geographically heterogeneous. Among 80 enrolled children (females, n = 40; 50%), 54 (67.5%) had PAH associated with congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH), 25 (31.25%) had idiopathic PAH (IPAH), and 1 (1.25%) had portopulmonary PAH. At the time of enrolment, 31% of the patients had significant impairment of physical capacity (WHO-FC III). The most frequent comorbidities included shortage of growth (n = 20; 25%), mental retardation (n = 32; 40%), hypothyroidism (n = 19; 23.8%) and Down syndrome (n = 24; 30%). The majority of children were treated with PAH-specific medications, but only half of them with double combination therapy, which improved after changing the reimbursement policy. The underrepresentation of PAH classes other than IPAH and CHD-PAH, and the geographically heterogeneous distribution of PAH prevalence, indicate the need for building awareness of PAH among pediatricians, while a frequent coexistence of PAH with other comorbidities calls for a multidisciplinary approach to the management of PAH children

Non-Standard Errors

In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty: Non-standard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for better reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants