Restructuring of Ural Enterprises and Changes in the Internal Labor Market: A Sociological Perspective

The internal labor market is a field where the employer and the employees interact within an organization, this field being similar in its functions to the ordinary external labor market, that is, it determines the cost of manpower, and the staff movements within the enterprise, which include both horizontal and vertical mobility. The processes analyzed by economists within the framework of the concept of the internal labor market are studied in sociology as processes of intra-organizational mobility: its factors, trajectories, and the ascent opportunities of its staff.

Anisotropické optické vlastnosti fluorescentních proteinů

Fluorescenční proteiny (FP) jsou velice důležité pro moderní biologické molekulární zobrazování. Důležité zobrazovací techniky (jako je polarizační mikroskopie nebo FRET zobrazování) využívají anisotropických optických vlastnosti fluorescenčních proteinů. V této práci prezentujeme výsledky polarizační mikroskopie a rentgenových difrakčních experimentů na krystalech FP, jakož i matematickou interpretaci těchto výsledků, poskytující informace o směrovosti jedno- a dvoufotonové absorpce v rámci molekul zkoumaných fluorescenčních proteinů. Pro anizotropii jenofotonové absorpce určujeme orientaci dipólových momentů přechodu ve třech reprezentativních fluorescenčních proteinech. Porovnání naměřených hodnot s dostupnými kvantově-mechanickými předpověďmi a experimentálně stanovenou orientací dipólového momentu přechodů GFP nám dává důvěru k získaným výsledkům. Pro dvoufotonovou absorpci nejprve testujeme naši hypotézu, že tenzory dvoufotonové absorptivity reprezentativních FP vykazují vektorové chování. Dále pak zkoumáme použitelnost tohoto zjednodušení jako základ pro interpretaci našich mikroskopických dat dvoufotonové polarizace.Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are the workhorses of biological molecular imaging. Important imaging modalities (such as polarization microscopy or FRET imaging) exploit anisotropic optical properties of fluorescent proteins. In this thesis, we present the results of our polarization microscopy and X-ray diffraction experiments on FP crystals, as well as mathematical interpretation of these results, yielding information on the directionality of one- and two-photon absorption within the investigated fluorescent protein molecules. For the anisotropy of one-photon absorption, we determine the transition dipole moment (TDM) orientations in three representative fluorescent proteins. Validation with available quantum mechanical predictions values and an experimentally determined TDM orientation of the GFP gives confidence to the results obtained. For the two-photon absorption, we first test our hypothesis that two-photon absorptivity tensors of representative FPs exhibit vector-like behaviour and then examine the applicability of this simplification as a basis for the interpretation of our two-photon polarization microscopy data.Fyzikální ústav UKInstitute of Physics of Charles UniversityMatematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic

Quantitative linear dichroism imaging of molecular processes in living cells made simple by open software tools

Fluorescence-detected linear dichroism microscopy allows observing various molecular processes in living cells, as well as obtaining quantitative information on orientation of fluorescent molecules associated with cellular features. Such information can provide insights into protein structure, aid in development of genetically encoded probes, and allow determinations of lipid membrane properties. However, quantitating and interpreting linear dichroism in biological systems has been laborious and unreliable. Here we present a set of open source ImageJ-based software tools that allow fast and easy linear dichroism visualization and quantitation, as well as extraction of quantitative information on molecular orientations, even in living systems. The tools were tested on model synthetic lipid vesicles and applied to a variety of biological systems, including observations of conformational changes during G-protein signaling in living cells, using fluorescent proteins. Our results show that our tools and model systems are applicable to a wide range of molecules and polarization-resolved microscopy techniques, and represent a significant step towards making polarization microscopy a mainstream tool of biological imaging.</p

Tables as protocol for mass tests input in the Latin and other languages teacher’s personal information system interface: integrated technology for Word, Excel, Quizlet, Gift and Moodle

Under investigation is the combined use of the LMS MOODLE and special language teaching tools like QUIZLET. The core is the task of unification of the mass tests format and their import into LMS. The initial form of test arrays are WORD lists or EXCEL spreadsheets. The table structure of the AIST interface is proposed. The automated process of arrays converting from WORD and EXCEL tables to GIFT files for import into the MOODLE and QUIZLET is described. Shown that the use of the tabular interface makes anyone possible to implement an effective technology of mass test import into various language LMS

Anisotropické optické vlastnosti fluorescentních proteinů

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are the workhorses of biological molecular imaging. Important imaging modalities (such as polarization microscopy or FRET imaging) exploit anisotropic optical properties of fluorescent proteins. In this thesis, we present the results of our polarization microscopy and X-ray diffraction experiments on FP crystals, as well as mathematical interpretation of these results, yielding information on the directionality of one- and two-photon absorption within the investigated fluorescent protein molecules. For the anisotropy of one-photon absorption, we determine the transition dipole moment (TDM) orientations in three representative fluorescent proteins. Validation with available quantum mechanical predictions values and an experimentally determined TDM orientation of the GFP gives confidence to the results obtained. For the two-photon absorption, we first test our hypothesis that two-photon absorptivity tensors of representative FPs exhibit vector-like behaviour and then examine the applicability of this simplification as a basis for the interpretation of our two-photon polarization microscopy data

Corrosive wear forecasting of steel elements on the basis of mathematical modeling methods

Life Extension and resistance increase of metal materials and constructions to the corrosion destruction processes is the most important scientific and technical problem. To solve this problem it is necessary to develop complex scientific research to study the corrosion phenomena, along with practical actions against corrosion directed to selecting new corrosion resistant metal materials and methods of their protection. This research is carried out for searching mathematical model which could predict corrosive wear in metal constructions with a certain accuracy taking into account design and the type of corrosion process

ESTIMATION OF FLEXIBILITY OF AN ORGANIZATION ON THE GROUND OF THE CALCULATION OF PROFIT MARGIN RATE

The article deals with the problem of the flexibility of an organization as the ability to adapt effectively to the external environment. The authors have identified and investigated different approaches to estimating the flexibility of an organization on the ground of flexibility grading, calculation of the general index of flexibility as well as the calculation of flexibility’s ranking score. We have identified the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. A new method of the estimation of an organization’s flexibility on the ground of the calculation of relative profit margin has been developed. This method is the multifunctional assessment tool of enterprise’s functionability in the current context of difficult and volatile economic environment. It allows in the early stage to identify negative trends in the production and financial figures and thus, it enables the organizational leadership to take steps in advance in order to avert a crisis in its activity. Keeping the profit margin at the same rate at the forced contraction of output, because of the negative impact of external factors, will confirm that the organization has adapted to the external environment and, therefore, it is flexible. The organization can be considered with margin rate beginning to low up to zero value as an organization with an insufficient level of flexibility that is at the “zone of crisis” and it is characterized by the depletion of reserved funds and reduction of current assets. Loss-maker is nonflexible and the presence of loss means that the organization has an evident sign of crisis and it can be bankrupt

Corrosive wear forecasting of steel elements on the basis of mathematical modeling methods

Life Extension and resistance increase of metal materials and constructions to the corrosion destruction processes is the most important scientific and technical problem. To solve this problem it is necessary to develop complex scientific research to study the corrosion phenomena, along with practical actions against corrosion directed to selecting new corrosion resistant metal materials and methods of their protection. This research is carried out for searching mathematical model which could predict corrosive wear in metal constructions with a certain accuracy taking into account design and the type of corrosion process