90 research outputs found

    Commanding military power: Organizational sources of victory on the battlefield

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    Why are some militaries more powerful than others? The answer to this question is important for both scholars and practitioners of international relations. For scholars, knowing why some actors are more capable of generating military force than others facilitates deeper understandings of the factors, dynamics, and processes that drive world politics. For practitioners, such knowledge can improve budgetary and strategic decision-making in an uncertain international environment. Despite the importance of this question, however, current scholarship does not provide a clear answer. This dissertation presents a new framework for thinking about the sources of military power. Drawing on the logic of structural contingency theories of organizational performance, I argue that actualized military power is a function of combatants\u27 capacity to swiftly discern and appropriately react to emergent battlefield developments. Focusing on the role of command and control systems in particular, I advance a command structure theory of military power which holds that combatants adopting command structures that best fit the battlefield environment on which they are engaged will be especially effective at translating the human, material, and moral resources they possess into combat capabilities and, very often, win the battles they fight. Using archival and published records, I test this argument in three cases: the battle at Liaoyang in the Russo-Japanese War, the Huai-Hai Campaign in the Chinese Civil War, and the Chinese 5th Phase Offensive in the Korean War. I find that command structure fits constitute a more persuasive explanation of battlefield dynamics and outcomes in these cases than other popular theories of military power, including material preponderance, regime type, manner of force employment, and level of ideational motivation. The nature of the research design and case selection logic employed in this dissertation indicates that considerable faith in the general validity and applicability of command structure theory in the study of the sources of military power across time and space is justified

    Commanding military power: Organizational sources of victory on the battlefield

    No full text
    Why are some militaries more powerful than others? The answer to this question is important for both scholars and practitioners of international relations. For scholars, knowing why some actors are more capable of generating military force than others facilitates deeper understandings of the factors, dynamics, and processes that drive world politics. For practitioners, such knowledge can improve budgetary and strategic decision-making in an uncertain international environment. Despite the importance of this question, however, current scholarship does not provide a clear answer. This dissertation presents a new framework for thinking about the sources of military power. Drawing on the logic of structural contingency theories of organizational performance, I argue that actualized military power is a function of combatants\u27 capacity to swiftly discern and appropriately react to emergent battlefield developments. Focusing on the role of command and control systems in particular, I advance a command structure theory of military power which holds that combatants adopting command structures that best fit the battlefield environment on which they are engaged will be especially effective at translating the human, material, and moral resources they possess into combat capabilities and, very often, win the battles they fight. Using archival and published records, I test this argument in three cases: the battle at Liaoyang in the Russo-Japanese War, the Huai-Hai Campaign in the Chinese Civil War, and the Chinese 5th Phase Offensive in the Korean War. I find that command structure fits constitute a more persuasive explanation of battlefield dynamics and outcomes in these cases than other popular theories of military power, including material preponderance, regime type, manner of force employment, and level of ideational motivation. The nature of the research design and case selection logic employed in this dissertation indicates that considerable faith in the general validity and applicability of command structure theory in the study of the sources of military power across time and space is justified

    Replication Data for: “What Determines Military Victory? Testing the Modern System

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    Replication Data for: “What Determines Military Victory? Testing the Modern Syste

    Consensus Recommendations for Standard Therapy of Glomerular Disease in Dogs

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    Standard therapy forms the basic foundation for care of dogs with glomerular disease, as it is herein recommended for use in all affected animals regardless of causation of the disease. Consensus recommendations target the evaluation and management of proteinuria, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, modification in dietary intake with special consideration for those nutrients with renal effects, diagnosis and treatment of systemic hypertension, and evaluation and management of body fluid volume status in dogs with glomerular disease
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