Production Design in the Film and Television Space: An Analysis

Due to the differences between film and television production, the methodologies for doing production design in film and television are necessarily different, as both can fall victim to a number of disparate constraints and limitations that affect the art department. However, a large part of the difference also comes down to the individual designer, as well as the intentions of the film or TV show. To further explain this conclusion, I will give a brief overview of the history and general methodology of production design as a whole. I will then dive into my research on the subject, which includes scholarly articles and first- and second-hand interviews. I will then conclude with a case study of notable production designers Judy Becker and Ian Phillips

Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the National Science Foundation grant #1940692 for financial support for this workshop, and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) and its staff for logistical support.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Priorities for synthesis research in ecology and environmental science

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the National Science Foundation grant #1940692 for financial support for this workshop, and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) and its staff for logistical support.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Clonal hematopoiesis is associated with risk of severe Covid-19.

Acquired somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (clonal hematopoiesis or CH) are associated with advanced age, increased risk of cardiovascular and malignant diseases, and decreased overall survival. These adverse sequelae may be mediated by altered inflammatory profiles observed in patients with CH. A pro-inflammatory immunologic profile is also associated with worse outcomes of certain infections, including SARS-CoV-2 and its associated disease Covid-19. Whether CH predisposes to severe Covid-19 or other infections is unknown. Among 525 individuals with Covid-19 from Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) and the Korean Clonal Hematopoiesis (KoCH) consortia, we show that CH is associated with severe Covid-19 outcomes (OR = 1.85, 95%=1.15-2.99, p = 0.01), in particular CH characterized by non-cancer driver mutations (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.15-3.50, p = 0.01). We further explore the relationship between CH and risk of other infections in 14,211 solid tumor patients at MSK. CH is significantly associated with risk of Clostridium Difficile (HR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.22-3.30, p = 6×10-3) and Streptococcus/Enterococcus infections (HR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.15-2.13, p = 5×10-3). These findings suggest a relationship between CH and risk of severe infections that warrants further investigation

Correction: Distinct germline genetic susceptibility profiles identified for common non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes

Correction to: Leukemia https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-022-01711-0, published online 22 October 202

Cyber-Victimized Students

Bullying is a common topic in the media and academic settings. Teachers are regularly expected to provide curriculum and intervene regarding all forms of bullying, including cyber-bullying. Altering the behaviors of those who bully is often the focus of interventions, with less attention being placed on victim impact. The purpose of this article was to provide educators with a review of evidence regarding the occurrence, impact, and interventions for victims of cyber-bullying. Evidence reveals that cyber-bullying can have emotional, social, and academic impacts but that there are very few documented, and even fewer evidence-based, programs for victims of cyber-bullying. We conclude by proposing that school-wide programs and support be developed and provided to victims

Effects of Music on Arousal, Affect, and Mood Following Moderate-Intensity Cycling

Music has been widely recommended for its ability to produce psychophysiological benefits during exercise. Researchers have identified lyrics as a musical element that may moderate the relationship between music and psychophysiological responses. Previous investigations suggest that listening to music during exercise can enhance performance, optimize arousal, and improve affect. However, few studies to date have examined the influence of motivational lyrics on other affective phenomena during exercise, including mood states. PURPOSE: The purpose was to investigate the effects of lyrics in music on affect, arousal, and mood states during moderate-intensity cycling. METHODS: Thirty (Mage = 21.0 ± 2.9 years old) college-aged individuals performed three, 8-min acute bouts of moderate-intensity exercise on a cycle ergometer during music with lyrics (ML), music without lyrics (MNL), and no music control (MC) conditions. Primary outcomes were assessed via the Felt Arousal Scale (FAS), Feelings Scale (FS), and the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) before a 6-min warm-up and again following a 2-min cool-down post-exercise. RESULTS: A Time main effect for the FAS was superseded by a Condition x Time interaction, F(2,28) = 3.79, p = .035, indicating an increase in arousal for the MNL (0.4 ± 0.18) condition compared to the ML (0.1 ± 0.15) and MC (-0.3 ± 0.19) conditions. Similarly, a Time main effect was superseded by a Condition x Time interaction for the FS, F(2,28) = 4.56, p = .019, revealing an increase in affect for the MNL (0.93 ± 0.19) condition compared to the ML (0.63 ± 0.22) and MC (0.13 ± 0.29) conditions. A Time main effect was also found for the Tension (-0.73 ± 0.16), Vigor (1.96 ± 0.41), Fatigue (-0.60 ± 0.25), and Confusion (-0.32 ± 0.10) subscales of the BRUMS, indicating general improvements following exercise. However, no Condition x Time interactions were observed for mood outcomes. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that music may increase more basic components of affect and arousal more than lyrical music or exercise alone. Regardless of lyrical content, music does not appear to influence more stable affective phenomena (i.e., mood states) beyond exercise. Potential limitations of the current study include song selection methods and the short exercise duration. Future investigations examining the effects of lyrics in music on psychophysiological responses during exercise are warranted

TMEM41B is a host factor required for the replication of diverse coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2.

Antiviral therapeutics are a front-line defense against virally induced diseases. Because viruses frequently mutate to escape direct inhibition of viral proteins, there is interest in targeting the host proteins that the virus must co-opt to complete its replication cycle. However, a detailed understanding of the interactions between the virus and the host cell is necessary in order to facilitate development of host-directed therapeutics. As a first step, we performed a genome-wide loss of function screen using the alphacoronavirus HCoV-229E to better define the interactions between coronaviruses and host factors. We report the identification and validation of an ER-resident host protein, TMEM41B, as an essential host factor for not only HCoV-229E but also genetically distinct coronaviruses including the pandemic betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2. We show that the protein is required at an early, but post-receptor engagement, stage of the viral lifecycle. Further, mechanistic studies revealed that although the protein was not enriched at replication complexes, it likely contributes to viral replication complex formation via mobilization of cholesterol and other lipids to facilitate host membrane expansion and curvature. Continued study of TMEM41B and the development of approaches to prevent its function may lead to broad spectrum anti-coronavirus therapeutics

Characterising the Educational Experiences and Mental Health of Children with Pre-Existing Learning Difficulty or Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This prospective study sought to characterise the educational experiences, mental health, and behavioural functioning of Australian children with a pre-existing learning difficulty or specific learning disorder (SLD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also evaluated the potential role of parent psychological distress as a risk factor for poorer child functioning in this high-risk population. Using a prospective longitudinal design, the study involved 58 parents of children and adolescents with a pre-existing learning difficulty or specific learning disorder (M age = 11.9 years; range 7–17 years) who were initially referred to a state-wide diagnostic centre for specific learning disorders in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Child outcomes were assessed using the COVID-19 Wellbeing and Mental Health Survey (a modified version of the CoRonavIruS Health Impact Survey [CRISIS] tool), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and the Emotional Distress Scale from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Parents’ mental health was assessed using the CRISIS tool and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). In keeping with initial predictions, a large proportion of parents expressed significant disruption to child educational experience and routines, including challenges related to child engagement in remote learning platforms during COVID-19. Compared to pre-pandemic mental health symptom ratings, children experienced significantly higher symptoms of worry, negative thoughts, loneliness, agitation, and aggression during the pandemic period (all p p = 0.003) and more frequent child behavioural difficulties (p = 0.004). These results help elucidate the specific psychological and educational challenges faced by children with pre-existing learning difficulty or SLD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Family-centred intervention and/or supports may help to address the unique educational and psychological needs of young people with pre-existing learning differences and their families during future global pandemics