An Adverse Outcome Pathway for Potential Space Radiation Induced Neurological Diseases

Astronauts have begun to spend increasingly longer periods in space, putting themselves in foreign environments in order to explore the unknown. Space radiation is one of the largest health risks faced by astronauts on their missions. The space radiation environment has the ability to cause high levels of irreversible damage. Multiple sources of charged particle radiation exist in the space environment that may increase risk of carcinogenesis, degeneration of bodily tissue (e.g. gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, or pulmonary), acute radiation syndromes, and acute and late central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In order to help inform an understanding of the risk of degenerative CNS disease due to radiation exposure, an initial step is presented here to develop an adverse outcome pathway from radiation exposure focused on Alzheimers disease

Production Design in the Film and Television Space: An Analysis

Due to the differences between film and television production, the methodologies for doing production design in film and television are necessarily different, as both can fall victim to a number of disparate constraints and limitations that affect the art department. However, a large part of the difference also comes down to the individual designer, as well as the intentions of the film or TV show. To further explain this conclusion, I will give a brief overview of the history and general methodology of production design as a whole. I will then dive into my research on the subject, which includes scholarly articles and first- and second-hand interviews. I will then conclude with a case study of notable production designers Judy Becker and Ian Phillips

James Ralph Etheridge

Ltc. James Ralph Etheridge, October 23, 1932 - February 23, 1968 Native Sons Exhibit Pagehttps://kb.gcsu.edu/nativesons/1013/thumbnail.jp

Prescription Data Mining, Medical Privacy and the First Amendment: The U.S. Supreme Court in Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc.

In 2011, the United States Supreme Court in Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc. struck down a Vermont law that would restrict the ability of pharmaceutical companies to purchase certain physician-identifiable prescription data without the consent of the prescriber. The law\u27s stated purpose was threefold: to protect the privacy of medical information, to protect the public health and to contain healthcare costs by promoting Vermont\u27s preference in having physicians prescribe more generic drugs. The issue before the Supreme Court was whether the Vermont law represented a legitimate, common sense regulatory program or a bold attempt to suppress commercial speech when the message is disfavored by the state. Striking down the law, the Supreme Court applied a heightened level of First Amendment scrutiny to this commercial transaction and held that the Vermont law was not narrowly tailored to protect legitimate privacy interests

Auditory and Visual Statistical Learning Are Not Related to ADHD Symptomatology: Evidence From a Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Approach

Statistical learning is an implicit process that allows individuals to track and predict incoming events from their environment. Given that information is highly structured over time, events become predictable, allowing these individuals to make better sense of their environment. Among the studies that have examined statistical learning in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), findings have been mixed. Our goal was to examine whether increased ADHD symptomatology related to decreased auditory and visual statistical learning abilities. To investigate this, we examined the entire range of ADHD symptomatology using a Research Domain Criteria approach with a clinically reliable questionnaire in addition to well-established auditory and visual statistical learning paradigms. Total ADHD symptomatology was not related to auditory and visual statistical learning. An identical pattern emerged when inattention and hyperactivity components were separated, indicating that neither of these distinct behavioral symptoms of ADHD are related to statistical learning abilities. Findings from the current study converge with other studies but go beyond finding a lack of a significant relationship – through Bayesian analyses, these data provide novel evidence directly supporting the hypothesis that ADHD symptomatology and statistical learning are decoupled. This finding held for overall levels of ADHD symptomatology as well as the subdomains of inattention and hyperactivity, suggesting that the ability to pick up on patterns in both auditory and visual domains is intact in ADHD. Future work should consider investigating statistical learning in ADHD across ages and beyond auditory and visual domains

Pennsylvania Occupational Therapy Fieldwork Educator Practices and Preferences in Clinical Education

The shortage of clinical education fieldwork sites coupled with a concern over the quality of the required fieldwork experience poses an unintended outcome for the recent changes in the health care system and an increasing number of occupational therapy students. While the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE) issues standards for fieldwork education, the quality of the experience is known to vary. The present study employed a mixed methods concurrent nested design with a quantitative online survey alongside qualitative individual semi-structured online interviews to examine the practices and preferences of fieldwork educators in Pennsylvania ACOTE accredited programs. From the 49 quantitative online survey participants, 10 practices and preferences considered important when supervising fieldwork students emerged. Another five themes related to a quality fieldwork experience were garnered from the six qualitative semi-structured interviews. The results suggest that fieldwork educators understand the value of clinical education and intend to continue to supervise students in the future. However, while fieldwork educators value their role as an educator, they often lack the time and resources necessary to feel effective. Therefore, future research into resource use and ways in which academic programs and professional associations can support fieldwork educators is necessary

Assessing the Impacts of Anthropogenic Pollutants on Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) Biomass and Behavior Using Soil Microcosms

Anthropogenic pollutants are a common issue, yet ubiquitous in natural environments. In this experiment, Eisenia fetida, a common indicator of ecosystem health, was exposed to varying pollutants and assessed using behavioral assays, escape response to stress, change in biomass, and avoidance trials. The treatment groups included; high (HMP) and low (LMP) microplastics, high and low salt concentrations, imidacloprid pesticide, and combinations of the latter three. Following experimental testing, pH and conductivity were measured to assess soil health. In the presence of microplastics, earthworms showed a significant decrease in their ability to respond to stress, indicating negative impacts on behavior. We also found significant differences between initial and final biomass for the control, HMP, and LMP. In conclusion, microplastics and high salinity alters earthworms ability to respond to stress and biomass differences may be attributed to the “peanut butter on a cracker theory”, wherein nutrients are derived from microbial biofilmshttps://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2023/1137/thumbnail.jp

The effect of genetic relatedness and diversity on parasite load in the North American raccoon (procyon lotor) [abstract]

Abstract only availableThe influence of genetic relatedness and diversity on parasite transmission and diversity was examined in raccoons (Procyon lotor) from mid-Missouri. Relatedness and diversity of individuals was measured using 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci that were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fragment analysis was used to determine the alleles of the individuals at each locus. Using the computer analysis program Kinship, relationship probabilities were calculated between individuals and populations. Heterozygosity, internal relatedness, and d2 values were also calculated. Parasite similarity indices did not differ among pairwise comparisons of animals with first order, second order, and no detected relationships. We are currently investigating if correlations exist between ectoparasite or endoparasite loads and heterozygosity, internal relatedness and d2 values. The data generated in this preliminary study will be used in a larger study of patterns of disease/parasite occurrences in artificially aggregating raccoons.Life Sciences Undergraduate Research Opportunity Progra

Investigating the Role of Inattention and/or Hyperactivity/impulsivity in Language and Social Functioning Using a Dimensional Approach

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. The current study parsed out the distinct components of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology to examine differential relations with language and social ability. Using a research domain criteria (RDoC) framework, we administered standardized tests and previously developed and validated questionnaires to assess levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity symptomatology, language, social responsivity and social competency in 98 young adults. Those with higher inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity symptomatology had reduced language comprehension, social responsivity, and social competency. Inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity both predicted language comprehension, but not language production. Interestingly, inattention uniquely contributed to social responsiveness and social competency, but hyperactivity/impulsivity did not. Findings suggest that inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, inattention in particular, may be especially important for social skills programs geared towards individuals with attention limitations