Влияние пищевого фактора на микроэволюцию колорадского жука

Many-sided research of interaction of Colorado beetle and fodder plant (potato, nightshade sweetly-bitter) defines the role of the plants as guiding factor of microevolutional processes in pest population.Різнобічні аспекти взаємодії колорадського жука з кормовою рослиною (картопля, паслін солодко-гіркий) визначили роль цих рослин як напрямного фактора мікроеволюційних процесів у популяції шкідника.Різнобічні аспекти взаємодії колорадського жука з кормовою рослиною (картопля, паслін солодко-гіркий) визначили роль цих рослин як напрямного фактора мікроеволюційних процесів у популяції шкідника

On the theory of carrier-induced ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors

Two different approaches (presented in the literature as alternative approximations) to the problem of carrier-induced ferromagnetism in the system of disordered magnetic ions of a diluted magnetic semiconductor are analyzed. They are based on a self-consistent procedure for the mean exchange fields and the RKKY interaction. Calculations in the framework of exactly solvable model are carried out, and it shows that these approaches stem from two different contributions to the magnetic susceptibility. One stems from the diagonal part of the carrier-ion exchange interaction and corresponds to mean field approximation. The other one stems from the off-diagonal part of the same interaction and describes the indirect interaction between localized spins via free carriers. These two contributions can be responsible for the different magnetic properties. Thus, the aforementioned contributions are complementary but not alternative to each other. A general approach is proposed and compared with different approximations to the problem under consideration

Receptors and proteins binding high density lipoproteins

Interest in the study of high density lipoproteins (HDL) is associated with the functional activity of these particles, which, first of all, determines their antiatherogenic properties. The main biological role of HDL is the «reverse» transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver. However, it must be borne in mind that the mechanism of antiatherogenic action of HDL is not limited only to the «reverse» transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver, it is determined by many other factors, each of which is important not only in the context of protecting the body from atherosclerosis, but also in the protective role HDL in a wider aspect. It turned out that HDL has an important antiinflammatory effect, have antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties, regulate vascular tone and anticoagulant activity, and act as antimicrobial and antiviral agents. According to modern concepts, in connection with the development of proteomics, data have appeared that indicate the participation in these processes of the protein components of the plasma membrane of cells and specific receptor proteins embedded in it. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing body of knowledge about events and molecules related to the regulation of HDL metabolism with the participation of the scavenger receptor (SR-BI), ATP-linked cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, ecto-F1-ATPase, and cubiline-megaline receptor

Effect of blood plasma lipoproteins on hydroxylation of benzo[a]pyrene in liver microsomes of rats

This work presents the characteristics of the catalytic activity of hydroxylation of benzo[a] pyrene (B[a]P) in rat liver microsomes using plasma lipoproteins (LP) (VLDL, LDL, HDL) as transport forms of B[a]P. The aim of the study was: to study the effect of the LP-component of the LP-B[a]P complexes on the rate of B[a]P hydroxylation in rat liver microsomes. The studies were carried out on the microsomal fraction of rat liver using B[a]P as a substrate, ultracentrifugation of individual fractions of VLDL, LDL, HDL plasma, and spectrofluorimetric determination of the activity of arylhydrocarbonhydroxylase. In work on microsomes of rat liver the rate of hydroxylation of B[a]P in free form and in the form of B[a]P complexes with various fractions of LP was analyzed. The analysis showed that the arylhydrocarbonhydroxylase activity (pmol 3-OH-B[a]P in 1 min per 1 mg of protein) decreases in the complex form B[a]P with LP. So for transport form B[a]P with HDL the decrease was by 22%, for transport form B[a]P with VLDL the decrease was 30%, and for transport form B[a]P with LDL it was 52%. It should be noted that Km for the substrate remained practically unchanged in all forms. The Vmax and Km values indicate that the LP component in complexes with B[a]P can be a noncompetitive inhibitor of B[a]P hydroxylation in rat liver microsomes

INFLUENCE OF APOE GENOTYPES ON BIOCHEMICAL INDICES OF IRON AND LIPID METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH THE ENDOMETRIUM NEOPLASTIC DISEASES AND HEAL THY WOMEN

Objective. APOE genotype association with the level of iron in plasma and the risk of endometrial neoplastic diseases has not been studied. The aim of the work was to analyze the genotypic associations of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) with iron and lipid levels in endometrial hyperplasia (EH)/endometrial cancer (EC) patients and healthy women.Materials and methods. The biochemical blood levels of iron and cholesterol metabolism detected in women d with diagnosed endometrial hyperplasia (53), endometrial cancer (87) and healthy women (70) are determined on an automated analyzer «OLYMPUS AU – 400”. The genotyping was performed with a PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism) technique.Results. A statistically significant decrease in the levels of serum iron, transferrin saturation, high-density lipoprotein on the one hand, and a statistically significant increase in body mass index, triglycerides, very low density lipoproteins, atherogenic index in patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma was observed. Statistically significant differences in the distribution of E3, E4, E2 allele frequencies between patients and healthy women (P = 0.048) was revealed. E3 allele frequency was reduced, and the E2 allelewas increased in patients with EC. It was shown that the serum iron level was significantly increased in EC patients and healthy carriers of the genotype E3/E2 (P= 0,0014 and 0,0363 respectively). There was significantly elevated triglyceride level in carriers of the minor genotypes E2/E4, E4/E4 among patients with EH (0,0389).Conclusions. Genotype E3/E2 compared with other APOE genotypes under study is associated with elevated levels of iron and the risk of endometrial cancer. The association APOE 2/2, 2/4, 4/4 as well as 3/2 with endometrial neoplastic diseases requires further investigation. The data obtained can be the basis for the creation of a marker system for determining a high level susceptibility to malignant disease of the female reproductive system