The asymptotics of an amplitude for the 4-simplex

An expression for the oscillatory part of an asymptotic formula for the relativistic spin network amplitude for a 4-simplex is given. The amplitude depends on specified areas for each two-dimensional face in the 4-simplex. The asymptotic formula has a contribution from each flat Euclidean metric on the 4-simplex which agrees with the given areas. The oscillatory part of each contribution is determined by the Regge calculus Einstein action for that geometry.Comment: 5 pages amstex, typos correcte

Abolitionist literature and the mails in Jackson\u27s time

The transmission of abolitionist literature through the United States mails was one of the issues which early involved the national government in the slavery controversy and one which intensified the bitterness between North and South. In spite of the fact that there had been a movement among some southerners, even stronger than any in the North, to eradicate slavery, the introduction of this literature into the South did much to weld the Southerners together as a unit, in defying the North and the federal government--and in defending the doctrine of states\u27 rights and the institution of slavery

Tullio Regge's legacy: Regge calculus and discrete gravity

The review paper "Discrete Structures in Physics", written in 2000, describes how Regge's discretization of Einstein's theory has been applied in classical relativity and quantum gravity. Here, developments since 2000 are reviewed briefly, with particular emphasis on progress in quantum gravity through spin foam models and group field theories.Comment: 15 pages; a contribution to the forthcoming volume "Tullio Regge: an eclectic genius, from quantum gravity to computer play", Eds. L Castellani, A. Ceresole, R. D'Auria and P. Fr\`e (World Scientific); v2: added references to more relevant work, minor changes to the tex

A note on area variables in Regge calculus

We consider the possibility of setting up a new version of Regge calculus in four dimensions with areas of triangles as the basic variables rather than the edge-lengths. The difficulties and restrictions of this approach are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, amstex. Revision has minor changes and more precise conclusion

Couple\u27s Relationship with Diabetes: Transformation, Partnership, and Management

This study used an MFT perspective to examine a model of three bio-psychosocial constructs, seeking to depict key dimensions of what makes couples successful in managing the demanding self-care regimen of diabetes. The model includes a meaning and emotion-oriented construct called relationship with diabetes, a psychosocial relational construct of diabetes-specific partnering support, and their direct and indirect effects on an endogenous construct of success in diabetes management. Surveys from 118 adult couples with diabetes provided data to test the hypothesized path and measurement model. Correlational and multiple regression analysis examined variable relationships, factor analysis examined construct dimensionality, and structural equation modeling determined the model\u27s goodness of fit. It was found that relationship with diabetes and partnering support are positively associated and have direct and indirect effects promoting successful diabetes management. The emotion component of relationship with diabetes was especially important to management success. The current quantitative study extends and tests grounded theory from a previous qualitative study. Outcomes from this study expand our current understanding of how couples manage chronic illness and highlight the importance of developing a multidisciplinary approach to diabetes research, education, and intervention

Constraints on Area Variables in Regge Calculus

We describe a general method of obtaining the constraints between area variables in one approach to area Regge calculus, and illustrate it with a simple example. The simplicial complex is the simplest tessellation of the 4-sphere. The number of independent constraints on the variations of the triangle areas is shown to equal the difference between the numbers of triangles and edges, and a general method of choosing independent constraints is described. The constraints chosen by using our method are shown to imply the Regge equations of motion in our example.Comment: Typographical errors correcte

The asymptotics of an amplitude for the 4-simplex

An expression for the oscillatory part of an asymptotic formula for the relativistic spin network amplitude for a 4-simplex is given. The amplitude depends on specified areas for each two-dimensional face in the 4-simplex. The asymptotic formula has a contribution from each flat Euclidean metric on the 4-simplex which agrees with the given areas. The oscillatory part of each contribution is determined by the Regge calculus Einstein action for that geometry

Couple’s Relationship With Diabetes: Means and Meanings for Management Success

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102683/1/jmft322.pd

Area Regge Calculus and Discontinuous Metrics

Taking the triangle areas as independent variables in the theory of Regge calculus can lead to ambiguities in the edge lengths, which can be interpreted as discontinuities in the metric. We construct solutions to area Regge calculus using a triangulated lattice and find that on a spacelike hypersurface no such discontinuity can arise. On a null hypersurface however, we can have such a situation and the resulting metric can be interpreted as a so-called refractive wave.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figur

Locked down during the COVID-19 pandemic: the experience of mothers living alongside their child with social, emotional and mental health (SEMH) special educational needs, a psychosocial approach

Between March and September, 2020, the U.K. government enforced a nationwide lockdown to protect citizens against Covid-19. Children with social, emotional and mental health (SEMH) special educational needs and their parents stayed at home, and parents were responsible for home schooling their children with variable support from the schools they attended. Emerging global qualitative research and articles from news outlets in the U.K. reported the significant negative impact the lockdown was having on family dynamics, including rises in mental health difficulties. Orientated to psychoanalytic theories of SEMH needs, an impetus developed for exploring the impact of lockdown on the relational dynamics between mother and child. A review of literature found a gap in research exploring experiences of parents home educating primary aged children with SEMH needs as separate case studies. A psychosocial methodological approach was taken, orientated in psychosocial ontological and epistemological positions. Three mothers were recruited from a specialist primary SEMH provision where their son attended, and they were interviewed using Free Association Narrative Interviewing (Hollway and Jefferson, 2013) on two occasions. Participant experiences were analysed using thematic and psychosocial analysis. Findings suggested the mothers experienced the lockdown as emotionally straining to lesser or greater extents according to their personal circumstances and past experiences. All mothers struggled to home-school their sons, feeling anxiety for differing reasons. The relational dynamics between the mother-child dyads intensified due to being forced together with limited breaks from each other, leading to emotional challenges and several unconscious processes to be enacted, including splitting, projection, rationalisation, and humour. The research was justified as useful for educational psychologist (EP) practice as it elucidated the experiences of parents of SEMH needs, the relationship dynamic within families during lockdowns, and insight for EPs working with parents who are forced to home educate their children in the future