Problems in Power: How the U.S. and Russia Have Battled Throughout the Decades

The battle between the U.S and Russia has taken many forms throughout the years. When taking a sample of conflicts that involve the U.S. and Russia in various capacities and different points in time, certain similarities are observed. Within the individual level of conflict analysis, leaders in the U.S., Russia, and other states involved often sway between dovish and hawkish tendencies. On a domestic level, the U.S. and Russia have opposing ideologies. The U.S. values democracy and capitalism, and often supports states that lean democratically. In contrast, Russia views democracy as a threat and supports states that value protectionism and controlled economies and policies. The Cuban Missile Crisis, the Nicaraguan Revolution, and the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war demonstrate these similarities and differences to varying extents

Sociopolitical Control in Urban Kenya: The Sociopolitical Control Scale in Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kisumu

There is popular belief among Kenyans that their government inappropriately distributes resources unequally between different regions in Kenya. A modified version of Zimmerman and Zahniser\u27s (1991) Sociopolitical Control Scale (SPCS) tested for differences in perceived sociopolitical control (SPC) between residents of Kenya\u27s three biggest cities, Nairobi (n = 49), Mombasa (n = 50), and Kisumu (n = 51). Hypotheses were based on expected levels of leadership competence (LC) and policy control (PC), two sub-scales that combine to create SPC. Contrary to the hypothesis, results indicated no significant differences in levels of SPC among the cities. Results could indicate a shared urban culture throughout these cities, or could be due to methodological issues. Suggestions for creating a Kenya-specific SPCS are outlined

The Relationship between Collective Nursing Knowledge and Nurse Turnover: An Application of Nursing Intellectual Capital Theory

The value of a healthcare organization is vested in the expertise, intellect, and wisdom of employees. Nursing knowledge resides both within the individual nurse and the collective knowledge embedded in organizational structures and practice environments. Healthcare organizations rely on their ability to utilize this knowledge to deliver high-quality care to patients. Hospitals wanting to gain a competitive advantage and achieve financial stability must be adept at acquiring, cultivating, and using the nursing knowledge stocks of the organization. When this knowledge can be utilized to mitigate healthcare issues and improve patients\u27 health, this collective knowledge or intellectual capital is often the most critical organizational asset. Nursing intellectual capital is so vital because the work of professional nurses involves making critical life and death decisions. Like other intangible organizational assets, nursing knowledge is crucial to measure and manage to assist healthcare organizations in becoming high-performing entities. The purpose of this paper is to use a revised Nursing Intellectual Capital (NIC) Theory to evaluate the relationship between nursing intellectual capital and organizational performance, defined explicitly as nurse turnover. The revised NIC will be utilized to evaluate the relationship between quantitative measures of nursing intellectual capital and nurse turnover

Efeitos de reação de radiação em partículas aceleradas por potenciais ponderomotivos

Na presente tese estuda-se a aceleração de partículas por ondas eletrostáticas e pulsos eletromagnéticos lentamente modulados e de alta frequência. Os efeitos da Reação de Radiação foram considerados no estudo da dinâmica das partículas submetidas à ação das ondas eletrostáticas. Desenvolve-se um formalismo hamiltoniano médio capaz de descrever as particularidades da dinâmica correspondente, tanto para as ondas eletrostáticas considerando a reação de radiação quanto para os pulsos eletromagnéticos. Se pode prever satisfatoriamente medidas importantes da dinâmica, como o tempo de contato entre a onda e a partícula, o que é decisivo para a importância da consideração dos efeitos radiativos-dissipativos, bem como condições necessárias e suficientes para a aceleração eficiente.In the present thesis, we study the acceleration of particles by electrostatic waves and electromagnetic pulses spatially localized and of high frequency. The effects of the Radiation Reaction were considered in the study of the dynamics of particles under the action of electrostatic waves. A mean Hamiltonian formalism is developed capable of describing the particularities of the corresponding dynamics, both for electrostatic waves considering the radiation reaction and for the electromagnetic pulses. One can satisfactorily predict important dynamics measures, such as the contact time between the wave and the particle, which is decisive for the importance of considering radiative-dissipative effects, as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for efficient acceleration

Cadena de suministro del área logística de la ferretería Ferrenorte, periodo de marzo a octubre del 2019

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo general describir la cadena de suministro del área logística de la ferretería Ferrenorte, periodo de marzo a octubre del 2019, la investigación es de tipo descriptivo de carácter: cualitativo y básica, por lo que la metodología aplicada se basa en el procesamiento de la información obtenida en campo. Y los medios verificativos fue por el alfa de Cronbach. Para ello, se analizaron tesis, artículos científicos y se indago en los repositorios de diversas universidades nacionales e internacionales acerca del tema, obteniendo así los subdimensiones que engloba una cadena de suministro (planeación, abastecimiento, distribución e integración) aplicada en la investigación. Posterior a ello, se formuló 04 preguntas por cada dimensión obteniendo un total de 16 interrogantes que fueron validadas por el alfa del Cronbach dando positivo a la fiabilidad del instrumento, y proceder con la evaluación a los trabajadores de la empresa. Se determinó que los resultados de la dimensión de planeamiento son de carácter regular obtenida de la evaluación al todo el personal, con un 75%; en la subdimensión de abastecimiento primo una gestión de aceptación por parte de los trabajadores con un 50%; en la etapa de distribución relacionada al registro de pedidos con un 62.5 % regular y por ultimó la etapa de integración un 62.5% regular. En conclusión, la variable cadena de suministro de la empresa FERRENORTE S.A.C tiene una eficiencia del 50%. Con dichos resultados se plasmó una metodología para conocer el estado de la cadena de suministros

Estudio sistemático sobre la mejora de un sistema logístico

RESUMEN Acerca de un sistema logístico, existen distintos planes de ejecución; lo que se ofrece es una mirada hacia perspectivas diversas que se relacionen con deficiencias logísticas de alguna empresa. Inicialmente se debe reconocer que la cadena de suministro se enfoca en quienes la componen como los procesos de entrada y salida además de la producción, proveedores, y proceso mismo de logística. El objetivo planteado es proponer la implementación de un sistema logístico para mejorar el aprovisionamiento, la metodología a usar se basa en el reconocimiento de datos adecuados para medir el desempeño de la organización, hace que ésta desarrolle un sistema de Indicadores del Sistema de Gestión Logística que se convierte en una herramienta importante para la medición de variables críticas que determinan su competitividad. El estudio concluye que existe relación con las teorías básicas de la logísticaestá relacionada con el manejo del flujo de materiales desde su punto de origen hasta el momento en que llega al usuario. PALABRAS CLAVE: logística, aprovisionamiento, implementación

Ponderomotive and resonant effects in the acceleration of particles by electromagnetic modes

Funding: U.K. Science and Engineering Research Council under Grant No. EP/N028694/1 (R.A.C.).In the present analysis, we study the dynamics of charged particles under the action of slowly modulated electromagnetic carrier waves. With the use of a high-frequency laser mode along with a modulated static magnetic wiggler, we show that the ensuing total field effectively acts as a slowly modulated high-frequency beat-wave field typical of inverse free-electron laser schemes. This effective resulting field is capable of accelerating particles in much the same way as space-charge wake fields do in plasma accelerators, with the advantage of being more stable than plasma related methods. Acceleration occurs as particles transition from ponderomotive to resonant regimes, so we develop the ponder- omotive formalism needed to examine this problem. The ponderomotive formalism includes terms that, although not discussed in the usual applications of the approximation, are nevertheless of crucial importance in the vicinity of resonant capture. The role of these terms is also briefly discussed in the context of generic laser-plasma interactions.PostprintPeer reviewe

Differential Regulation of Tyrosinase Activity in Skin of White and Black Individuals In Vivo by Topical Retinoic Acid

Tyrosinase activity is a key determinant of melanin production in skin. Because retinoic acid regulates tyrosinase activity in melanoma cells, we analyzed modulation of pigmentation in vivo by retinoic acid. Black and white subjects were either not treated, or treated topically for 4 d under occlusion with vehicle, retinoic acid (0.1%), or the irritant sodium lauryl sulfate (2%). In untreated skin, tyrosinase activity and melanin content were significantly greater (2.3 times, and 3.2 times, respectively) in blacks versus whites. Four days of treatment with topical retinoic acid did not alter tyrosinase activity or melanin content in black skin. In contrast, retinoic acid treatment significantly induced (2.7 times, n = 8) tyrosinase activity, compared to vehicle treatment, in white skin. Melanin content, however, remained unchanged at 4 d. In separate experiments, tyrosinase activity in white subjects (n = 25) was increased 16% (p = 0.01) in sodium lauryl sulfate – treated skin, and 77% (p = 0.0005) in retinoic acid – treated skin, compared to vehicle-treated skin. The effect of retinoic acid on tyrosinase activity could be differentiated from non-specific irritation, because tyrosinase activity in retinoic acid – treated skin was significantly greater (52%, p = 0.004) than sodium lauryl sulfate-treated skin. Similar results were obtained with the dihydroxyphenylalanine reaction done on vehicle, sodium lauryl sulfate-, and retinoic acid – treated white skin. Northern analysis (n = 6) and semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (n = 6) demonstrated that retinoic acid treatment did not alter tyrosinase mRNA levels in white skin. Western analysis revealed that induction of tyrosinase activity by retinoic acid also was not associated with increased tyrosinase protein content (n = 9), indicating that regulation of tyrosinase activity by retinoic acid occurs through a post-translational mechanism. These data demonstrate that low tyrosinase activity in white skin in vivio is retinoic acid inducible and high tyrosinase activity in black skin in vivo is neither further induced nor reduced by retinoic aci

Técnica de alta pressão aplicada à compactação de pós nanométricos

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