Statistical study of the correlation of hard X-ray and type 3 radio bursts in solar flares

A large number of hard X-ray events which were recorded by the Hard X-Ray Burst Spectrometer (HXRBS) on the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) during the maximum of the 21st solar cycle (circa 1980) are analyzed in order to study their statistical correlation with type 3 bursts. The earlier finding by Kane (1981) are confirmed qualitatively that flares with stronger hard X-ray emission, especially those with harder spectra, are more likely to produce a type 3 burst. The observed distribution of hard X-ray and type 3 events and their correlations are shown to be satisfactorily described by a bivariate distribution consistent with the assumption of statistical linear dependence of X-ray and radio burst intensities. From this analysis it was determined that the distribution of the ratio of X-ray intensity (in counts/s) to type 3 intensity (in solar flux units) which has a wide range and a typical value for this ratio of about 10. The implications of the results for impulsive phase models are discussed

Cyclotron maser and plasma wave growth in magnetic loops

Cyclotron maser and plasma wave growth which results from electrons accelerated in magnetic loops are studied. The evolution of the accelerated electron distribution is determined by solving the kinetic equation including Coulomb collisions and magnetic convergence. It is found that for modest values of the column depth of the loop the growth rates of instabilities are significantly reduced and that the reduction is much larger for the cyclotron modes than for the plasma wave modes. The large decrease in the growth rate with column depth suggests that solar coronal densities must be much lower than commonly accepted in order for the cyclotron maser to operate. The density depletion has to be similar to that which occurs during auroral kilometric radiation events in the magnetosphere. The resulting distributions are much more complicated than the idealized distributions used in many theoretical studies, but the fastest growing mode can still simply be determined by the ratio of electron plasma to gyrofrequency, U=omega(sub p)/Omega(sub e). However, the dominant modes are different than for the idealized situations with growth of the z-mode largest for U approximately less than 0.5, and second harmonic x-mode (s=2) or fundamental o-mode (s=1) the dominant modes for 0.5 approximately less than U approximately less than 1. The electron distributions typically contain more than one inverted feature which could give rise to wave growth. It is shown that this can result in simultaneous amplification of more than one mode with each mode driven by a different feature and can be observed, for example, by differences in the rise times of the right and left circularly polarized components of the associated spike bursts

Characterization of Chemosensing in the Alphaproteobacterium \u3ci\u3e Azospirillum brasilense \u3c/i\u3e

Motile bacteria must navigate their environment in constant search of nutrients to sustain life. Thus they have evolved precise and adaptable sensory systems to achieve this goal, making the navigation system of the model bacterium Escherichia coli the best characterized signal transduction pathway in Biology. However, many bacteria have evolved more sophisticated arsenals for sensing and responding to their environment including chemoreceptors to identify novel attractants in the microenvironment. The diazotrophic alphaproteobacterium Azospirillum brasilense inhabits the soil and colonizes the roots of cereals like rice, corn, and wheat. Like most proteobacterial, A. brasilense encodes multiple chemotaxis-like pathways, 4, of which only Che1 has been characterized in detail. Also, of the approximately 50 chemoreceptors encoded within the genome, only the function of AerC and Tlp1 have been determine and their role in energy taxis, the dominant behavior of A. brasilense. In this dissertation, I will describe the characterization of another chemoreceptor, Tlp2, with a sensing domain of unknown function and the role it plays in A. brasilense behavior. I will also describe my work in expanding knowledge of the chemotaxis-like pathway of Che1. Also, the role of Tlp1 in root colonization, chemotaxis, and aerotaxis, the ability to navigate oxygen gradients, has been published. My work will detail the role of the C-terminal PilZ domain, a domain shown to bind the ubiquitous bacterial second messenger cyclic-di-GMP. I will characterize the necessity of c-di-GMP binding to Tlp1 for cells to maintain the ability to remain sensitive to temporal changes in aeration. I will also discuss the novel role c-di-GMP plays in modulating the cell’s ability to remain motile and remain sensitive to addition changes in oxygen availability

A Survey of Tuberculous Infection among 1092 Children Attending Anti-Tuberculosis Dispensaries in Lanarkshire

This study was initiated in 1928 in Bellshill and Shotts Dispensaries. The area served by those dispensaries extends to 83,500 acres and has a population of 150,000, including a number of Lithuanians and a large proportion of Irish. Coal-mining, Iron and Steel manufacture are the industries of the district, and in all three unemployment has reached its "peak" figures during the year under review. Living conditions, therefore, have been bad, and out of this distress has been established a more intimate relationship between the dispensaries and the community as a whole. The unemployed and poorer classes generally, also those more happily situated but feeling the pinch of long continued economic stress, now resort to the dispensaries in search of general medical advice, medical comforts or assistance in some other ways. The actual cases of tuberculosis are few amid a surfeit of minor ailments, nutritional and general medical disorders. The children among them are representative of the average family in a "depressed" area, but in so far as the investigation has been conducted entirely in dispensaries, the figures are still short of being typical of the district as a whole. They are capable of comparison only with figures obtained under similar conditions. Throughout the investigation the routine dispensary procedure was adhered to, and no endeavour made to provide data in support of any pre-conceived hypothesis. Domestic particulars and weight in ordinary clothing were recorded by the clerkess in attendance. An enquiry into the previous and family history, and physical examination, either complete or with reference to the locus of disease as suggested by the symptoms, was undertaken by myself. Tuberculin skin tests were applied by myself or by the nurse assistant. The Von Pirquet and Moro tests were used in each case and every effort made to obtain uniform results by the employment of one simple technique. X-Ray photographs were taken by arrangement with the physician superintendent in the X-Ray department of the County Fever Hospital. An established diagnosis was reserved until all relative information quot;was complete. The Moro and Von Pirquet methods of applying the tests have been used throughout and have not been abandoned in favour of the more delicate intradermal method of Mantoux. Fishberg (1) uses the Von Pirquet test in preference to the quantitative method which, he holds, offers no advantages, but it is generally accepted that the Mantoux test is a more exact method where sensitivity is low. Hamburger and Monti (2) were the first to demonstrate discrepancies in results due to different technique, and more recently, Austrian (3) and Myers (4) and others have recorded positive reactions with the intra-dermal test in children whose Von Pirquet hadpreviously diminished to negative. However, the tests employed are simple and better suited to dispensary practice where scientific accuracy must of necessity be sacrificed for convenience. Moreover, these tests have been widely used in other similar surveys and their results will be more exactly comparable

Development of a numerical solution to the time dependent kinetic equation

A numerical solution was developed for the time dependent Fokker-Planck equation for arbitrary distributions of electrons injected into a magnetized plasma. The code which includes energy loss and pitch angle scattering due to Coulomb collisions and changes in pitch angle due to inhomogeneous magnetic fields was calibrated and tested. The numerical method is versatile so that other scattering or radiation terms can be easily included. Using this code many processes associated with the impulsive phase of solar flares will be investigated

Sustainable agricultural land tenure and risk management for extreme climatic events

The researchers studied how landowners and farmers are working to improve conservation and protect productivity, soil health and water quality while facing extreme weather. The project results yielded more future research questions than definitive answers as to how non-owner landlords and their tenants can work together to safeguard the land and its productivity

Craig Hamilton and Russell Hodges in a Faculty Recital

This is the program for the faculty recital featuring trumpet player Craig V. Hamilton and pianist Russell Hodges. This recital took place on September 9, 1985, in the Mabee Fine Arts Recital Hall

Craig Hamilton and Russell Hodges in a Faculty Recital

This is the program for the faculty recital of trumpet player Dr. Craig Hamilton and organist Dr. Russell Hodges. This recital took place on January 12, 1989, in the Mabee Fine Arts Center Recital Hall

A Performing Arts Class Faculty Recital

This is the program for a Performing Arts Class faculty recital featuring the following faculty artists (in order of performance): organist Russell Hodges; trumpet player Craig Hamilton and organist Russell Hodges; soprano Mary Shambarger, mezzo-soprano Mary Worthen, and Russell Hodges; pianist William Bill Trantham; baritone Edward Smith Lyon accompanied by pianist David Dennis; and trombonist Sim Flora, bass player Jeff Madlock, drum player Mark Maier, trumpet player Craig Hamilton, guitarist Lee Barnett, and pianist Cindy Burks. This recital took place on September 20, 1991, in the Mabee Fine Arts Center Recital Hall