9 research outputs found

    Platform for the generation of oral vaccines based on protozoan surface proteins

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    La propagaci贸n internacional de enfermedades infecciosas constituye un problema global de seguridad sanitaria. La vacunaci贸n es una de las intervenciones en salud m谩s exitosas y efectivas. La administraci贸n por v铆a oral presenta ventajas significativas sobre la v铆a parental utilizada com煤nmente. Protozoariosintestinales y de vida libre expresan en su superficie una densa capa de prote铆nas que los protegen de condiciones ambientales hostiles. La utilizaci贸n de prote铆nas de superficie variante-espec铆ficas o VSPs (del ingl茅s ?Variant-specific Surface Proteins?) tales como las del protozoario intestinal Giardia lamblia constituye un enfoque eficiente para la generaci贸n de vacunas orales, dada su alta inmunogenicidad y su resistencia a cambios de pH y proteasas. En un trabajo reciente mostramos que estas propiedades pueden ser explotadas para proteger ant铆genos vacunales y potenciar su inmunogenicidad, facilitando as铆 su administraci贸n oral. Como modelo inicial, generamos una vacuna oral contra el virus de la influenza compuesta por part铆culas similares a virus (VLPs, delingl茅s ?virus-like particles?) que contienen en su envoltorio VSPs de G. lamblia y el ant铆geno HA (hemaglutinina del virus de la influenza) La administraci贸n oral a ratones de estas part铆culas recubiertas con VSPs y HA induce respuesta inmune humoral (sist茅mica y de mucosa) y celular espec铆fica para HA sin la necesidad de adyuvantes externos. La respuesta inmune generada protege frente al desaf铆o con el virus y tambi茅n frente al desarrollo de tumores que expresan el ant铆geno vacunal HA.The in ternational spread of infectious diseases is a global problem of health security. Vaccination is one of the most successful and profitable health interventions. Oral immunization has significant advantages over the widely used parental vaccines. Intestinal and free-living protozoa express on their surface a dense layer of proteins that protect them from hostile environmental conditions. The use of variable surface proteins (VSPs) such as those of the intestinal protozoan Giardia lamblia is a feasible mechanism for the generation of oral vaccines since they are highly immunogenic as well as resistant to changes in pH and proteases. In a recently published article, we showed that these properties of VSP can be exploited to protect and enhance the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens thus enabling their oral administration. We recently generated an oral vaccine against influenza virus composed of virus-like particles (VLPs) containing VSPs of G. lamblia and the HA antigen (viral hemagglutinin) in its envelope. When administered orally to mice, these coated particles elicit HA-specific humoral (systemic and local) and cellular responses, without the need of any additional adjuvant. Treated mice are protected against viral challenge and also against the development of tumors expressing the HA vaccine antigen.Fil: Serradell, Marianela del Carmen.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Rupil, Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Lujan, Hugo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentin

    Diphenyl diselenide-modulation of macrophage activation: Down-regulation of classical and alternative activation markers

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    Diphenyl diselenide ((PhSe)2), a simple organoselenium compound, possesses interesting pharmacological properties that are under extensive research. As macrophages respond to microenvironmental stimuli and can display activities engaged in the initiation and the resolution of inflammation, in the present report we describe the ability of (PhSe)2 to modulate the macrophage activation. Our data indicate that (PhSe)2 could inhibit the NO production in a dose-dependent fashion in peritoneal macrophages activated by LPS or treated with vehicle alone. We could demonstrate that this effect correlated with a reduction in the expression of the inducible NO synthase in (PhSe)2-treated cells. Furthermore, (PhSe)2 suppressed the production of reactive oxygen species, diminished the activity of the arginase enzyme, and the accumulation of nitrotyrosine modified proteins in LPS-stimulated macrophages. This compound also diminished the antigen presentation capacity of classically activated macrophages, as it reduced MHCII and CD86 expression. In addition, (PhSe)2 modulated the alternative activation phenotype of macrophages. Dexamethasone-activated macrophages presented higher production of IL-10 and CD206, which were both down-regulated by the addition of (PhSe)2. These results suggest that (PhSe)2 possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in classically-activated macrophages. We could demonstrate that (PhSe)2 can be also utilized to modulate the alternative activation phenotype of macrophages.Fil: Rupil, Lucia. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Departamento de Qu铆mica Biol贸gica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: de Bem, Andreza F.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: Roth, German Alfredo. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Departamento de Qu铆mica Biol贸gica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; Argentin

    Production of Oral Vaccines Based on Retrovirus Virus-like Particles Pseudotyped with Protozoan-Surface Proteins

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    Giardia lamblia is the only known parasite that can inhabit the harsh upper gastrointestinal tract, wheremost of the digestive proteases are secreted. Intestinal and free-living protozoa express surface proteinscontaining an extraordinarily high percentage of cysteine. These cysteine-rich variant-specific surfaceproteins (VSPs) form a dense coat on the entire surface of Giardia trophozoites, that coat protects theparasite inside the host intestine. VSPs not only are resistant to proteolytic digestion, extreme pH andtemperatures, but also stimulate host immune responses. These properties can be used to protect as well asto increase the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens for oral administration. The incorporation of VSPs ontovirus-like particles bearing viral antigens allows oral administration of these vaccines, protecting theantigens from degradation and generating robust and protective immune responses. In this chapter wedescribe the development of this versatile vaccine platform for the generation of safe, stable, and efficientoral vaccines, including their production and validation, as well as the characterization of immune responseto oral immunization.Fil: Rupil, Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Serradell, Marianela del Carmen.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Lujan, Hugo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo en Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentin

    Participation of the GABAergic system on the glutamate release of frontal cortex synaptosomes from Wistar rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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    We previously found that the glutamate release was decreased in synaptosomes from rat cerebral cortex during the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis. Various other reports have shown a deficit in the expression of proteins associated with GABAergic neurotransmission in the neocortex of patients with multiple sclerosis and it was also demonstrated that the activation of GABA A receptors leads to an inhibition of glutamate release. Now, in order to evaluate the events that may affect the neuronal function in EAE synaptosomes, we analyzed the participation of the GABAergic system in glutamate release and in the flunitrazepam-sensitive GABA A receptor density. This revealed alterations in the GABAergic system of the frontal cortex synaptosomes from EAE animals. GABA induced a decrease in the 4-aminopyridine-evoked glutamate release in control synaptosomes which was abolished by picrotoxin, a GABA A receptor antagonist. In contrast, synaptosomes from EAE rats showed a loss in the inhibition of glutamate release mediated by GABA. Furthermore, the flunitrazepam-sensitive GABA A receptor density was decreased during the acute stage of the disease in synaptosomes from EAE rats. We also observed a loss of inhibition in the Ca 2+-dependent phosphorylation of synapsin I mediated by GABA in nerve terminals from EAE animals, which could explain the loss of GABAergic regulation on evoked glutamate release. The changes observed in the GABA A receptor density as well as the loss of GABAergic inhibition of glutamate release were partially reverted in cortical synaptosomes from recovered EAE animals. These results suggest that the decrease in the flunitrazepam-sensitive GABA A receptor density may explain the observed failure of GABAergic regulation in the glutamate release of synaptosomes from EAE rats, which might contribute to the appearance of clinical symptoms and disease progression.Fil: Cid, Mariana Paula. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, F铆sicas y Naturales. Departamento de Qu铆mica; ArgentinaFil: Vilcaes, Aldo Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Rupil, Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Salvatierra, Nancy Alicia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Biol贸gicas y Tecnol贸gicas. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, F铆sicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Biol贸gicas y Tecnol贸gicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, F铆sicas y Naturales. Departamento de Qu铆mica; ArgentinaFil: Roth, German Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; Argentin

    In vivo immunomodulatory effect of the lectin from edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus

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    Lectins are glycan-binding proteins that are resistant to digestion in the gastrointestinal tract and enter intact to blood circulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus lectin (ABL) on innate and adaptive immune responses as well as its effect in two different experimental pathologies that involve the immune system. ABL inhibited in vitro nitric oxide (NO) production by mouse peritoneal macrophages in response to the pro-inflammatory stimuli lipopolysaccharides (LPS). However, it did not modify the activity of arginase, showing that while ABL downregulates M1 activation, it does not affect M2 activation. ABL also inhibited mononuclear cell proliferation in response to mitogen Con A, or in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. During the in vivo studies, oral administration of ABL to BALB/c mice induced a marked inhibition of NO production by peritoneal macrophages after LPS stimuli. The influence of ABL on tumor growth was studied in BALB/c mice receiving daily oral doses of ABL and implanted with CT26 tumor cells. ABL treatment induced significantly higher rate of tumor growth when compared with control mice. On the other hand, oral ABL administration in Wistar rats induced a marked diminution of the incidence of the disease and the severity of the clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. We can conclude that ABL has an in vivo immunomodulatory effect reducing the innate and adaptive responses. This food lectin shows potential therapeutic application on control of inflammatory autoimmune pathologies.Fil: Ditamo, Yanina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Rupil, Lucia L.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Sendra, V铆ctor G.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Nores, Gustavo Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Roth, Gabriel Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Irazoqui, Fernando Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba. Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Qu铆micas. Centro de Investigaciones en Qu铆mica Biol贸gica de C贸rdoba; Argentin

    Vaccination of domestic animals with a novel oral vaccine prevents Giardia infections, alleviates signs of giardiasis and reduces transmission to humans

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    Giardia lamblia is a human intestinal parasite and one of the most frequent enteric pathogen of companion animals. Clinical manifestations of giardiasis, such as diarrhoea, anorexia, weight loss and lethargy, have been associated with Giardia infections in both domestic and farm animals. A few anti-parasitic drugs are routinely used to treat giardiasis, but re-infections are common and drug-resistant strains have already been reported. Unfortunately, efficient vaccines against Giardia are not available. Giardia undergoes antigenic variation; through this mechanism, parasites can avoid the host?s immune defenses, causing chronic infections and/or re-infections. Antigenic variation is characterised by a continuous switch in the expression of members of a homologous family of genes encoding surface antigens. In a previous report, we indicated that in Giardia, the mechanism responsible for the exchange of variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs) involves the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. From a repertoire of ~200 VSP genes, only one is expressed on the surface of single trophozoites; however, RNAi machinery disruption generates trophozoites that express the complete VSP repertoire. We also demonstrated that gerbils orally immunised with VSPs isolated from these altered parasites showed high levels of protection. Here we tested this vaccine in cats and dogs, and found that it is highly efficient in preventing new infections and reducing chronic giardiasis in domestic animals both in experimental and natural infections. Remarkably, immunisation of dogs in a highly endemic area strongly decreased the percentage of infected children in the community, suggesting that this vaccine would block the zoonotic transmission of the disease.Fil: Serradell, Marianela del Carmen.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Catolica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Saura, Alicia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Catolica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Rupil, Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Catolica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Gargantini, Pablo Ruben. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Catolica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Faya, Marcela In茅s. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Furlan, Paulina. Universidad Cat贸lica de C贸rdoba; ArgentinaFil: Lujan, Hugo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Catolica de C贸rdoba. Centro de Investigaci贸n y Desarrollo En Inmunolog铆a y Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentin
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