Fiskalni konzervativizam u Sjedinjenim Državama i Kanadi

Dosadašnja literatura koja se fokusirala na uže područje fiskalnog konzervativizma u anglosaksonskom kontekstu, često je stavljala naglasak na idejne koncepte kao što su guns and butter (oružje i maslac) te teoriju poznatu pod nazivom starve the beast (izgladnjivanje zvijeri) i s njome povezani koncept peace dividend (mirovne dividende). Ovaj rad nastavlja na istom tragu te istražuje je li fiskalni konzervativizam reflektiran u politikama koje provode određene političke stranke u sjevernoameričkom anglosaksonskom kontekstu ili se ipak radi o retoričkom alatu opozicijskih političkih opcija

Challenges to Democracy: The Origins of Protectionist Populism in Europe

This article posits the thesis that the development of protectionist populism in Europe has been significantly influenced by two important economic processes. The cause of the first process can be found in the collapse of the Bretton Woods system and the resulting move towards an increased mobility of capital flows. Secondly, globalization of labour is identified as the other important process behind this phenomenon. The first part of the article provides a definition of the term protectionist populism. Following this, the relevance of many cultural factors in the development of protectionist populism is recognized. It is further stated that these factors are beyond the scope of this article and that its aim is primarily to show that economic factors have had an undeniable impact in their own right. Consequently, the article goes on to demonstrate how the fall of the Bretton Woods system in the 1970’s produced the liberalization of capital controls. Furthermore, the article shows how the interaction between mobile capital and globalized labour produced the “global middle class”. The article discusses the negative effects that this had on the middle class in Europe. In its final part, the link between these economic processes and the rise of populist movements in Europe is demonstrated. This is done by analysing the literature dealing with the rhetoric employed by populist parties. The article concludes by affirming the initial thesis regarding the existence of a link between the collapse of the Bretton Woods system and the globalization of the labour market with the rise of protectionist populist movements in Europe without asserting their preeminence over cultural factors

Fiskalni konzervativizam u Sjedinjenim Državama i Kanadi

Dosadašnja literatura koja se fokusirala na uže područje fiskalnog konzervativizma u anglosaksonskom kontekstu, često je stavljala naglasak na idejne koncepte kao što su guns and butter (oružje i maslac) te teoriju poznatu pod nazivom starve the beast (izgladnjivanje zvijeri) i s njome povezani koncept peace dividend (mirovne dividende). Ovaj rad nastavlja na istom tragu te istražuje je li fiskalni konzervativizam reflektiran u politikama koje provode određene političke stranke u sjevernoameričkom anglosaksonskom kontekstu ili se ipak radi o retoričkom alatu opozicijskih političkih opcija

Comparing Risk and Resilience Approaches

Ever increasing challenges in the areas of risk management have led to a need for a risk management approach which deals not only with threat prevention but also adaption, absorption and recovery from adverse events. This has led to the rise of the concept of resilience analysis and management, which, unlike risk assessment and management focuses on the overall system under analysis rather than its individual components. Therefore, both the civilian and military sector have, over the past decade, emphasized the need to clarify the concept of resilience management as well as to differentiate it from related terms such as risk management. This article aims to build upon the existing literature and provide a comparison of the risk and resilience approaches which offer ways to analyse and manage these concepts

Measuring Ideology in the Croatian Context: Testing the Left-Right Scale

The goal of this paper is to examine the relationship between the unidimensional‎ left-right measure of ideology and more nuanced measures of major political‎ ideologies as well as to ascertain the validity of the left-right measure of‎ ideology as a conceptual tool for analysing ideological preferences within the‎ Croatian context. This was accomplished by deploying an online questionnaire‎ on a convenient, non-representative sample of students from the University of‎ Zagreb, Croatia. The students were recruited via various social media student‎ groups. The paper starts by theoretically exploring the six major ideologies‎ from which it develops a pool of items for measuring said ideologies. The data‎ acquired via the aforementioned questionnaires was then analysed with the‎ goal of assessing the best items to measure each ideology. The paper goes on‎ to assess the relationship between the respondents’ support of major ideologies‎ and their self-positioning on the left-right ideology scale. The acquired results‎ demonstrate that the respondents possess a general understanding of the ideological‎ left-to-right scale and are coherent in their preferences with the values‎ of their ideology of choice. They further demonstrate that the correlations between‎ the participants’ self-positioning on the left-right continuum and level‎ of support for particular ideologies follow the expected direction. Therefore,‎ while taking the limits of the deployed sample type into account, the paper reaffirms‎ the validity of the left-right measure of ideology as a conceptual tool‎ for analysing ideological preferences within the Croatian context.

Proposal of a Reference Object in Dimensional Measurements using Computed Tomography

Computed tomography is a non-destructive method that uses the nature of X-ray in order to measure both inner and outer objects\u27 geometry. Because of many advantages and possibilities of conducting both material analysis inspection and dimensional measurement in a non-destructive way, the method is increasingly represented in industry. However, the method is very complex and has a huge number of influence parameters that cause errors in measurement results. Consequently, the measurement uncertainty as well as metrological traceability in general case are not achieved. In order to minimize and eliminate systematic errors, the reference objects are used. The usage of reference object for the purpose of identification and compensation of systematic errors is a generally accepted approach to ensure traceability. This article gives an overview of existing reference objects used in dimensional metrology with computed tomography and presents a new reference object

Fiscal Conservativism and the Politics of Opposition Parties in the Context of the Financial Crisis

Rad pruža komparativnu analizu odnosa između retoričke privrženosti konzervativnih stranaka načelima fiskalnog konzervativizma i njihove proračunske politike u sjeverno-američkom kontekstu. Komparativna analiza je provedena nad Republikanskom strankom u Sjedinjenim Državama te Konzervativnom strankom Kanade na saveznoj razini u Kanadi. Komparativna analiza provedena je u vremenskom periodu Clintonove i Busheve administracije u slučaju Sjedinjenih Država (1996. – 2009.) te Paula Martina i Stephena Harpera (2003. – 2015.) u slučaju Kanade. Opozicijska retorika parlamentarnih zastupnika konzervativnih stranka za vrijeme Clintonove i Martinove administracije suprotstavljena je fiskalnoj politici konzervativnih administracija George W. Busha i Stephena Harpera. Rezultati komparativne analize pokazuju kako postoji značajno odstupanje između retoričke privrženosti fiskalnom konzervativizmu parlamentarnih zastupnika analiziranih stranaka te fiskalne politike analiziranih konzervativnih vlada. Rezultati analize pokazuju kako je privrženost fiskalnom konzervativizmu snažnije izražena u retorici parlamentarnih zastupnika nego u fiskalnoj politici analiziranih konzervativnih administracija. Komparacije rezultata između američkog i kanadskog slučaja ukazuje na veče odstupanje između retorike i fiskalne politike u slučaju Sjedinjenih Država, dok su u kanadskom slučaju razlike značajne ali manje izražene.This graduate thesis provides a comparative analysis of the rhetorical affinity of conservative parties, in the North American context, to the principles of fiscal conservatism one the one hand and their budgetary policies on the other. The comparative analysis was conducted for the Republican Party of the United States and the Conservative Party of Canada. Both party politics were analyzed on their respective federal levels. The comparative analysis was conducted in the time period of the Clinton and Bush administrations in the case of the United States (1996 - 2009) and the administrations of Paul Martin and Stephen Harper in the case of Canada (2003 - 2015). The opposition rhetoric of the parliamentary representatives of the aforementioned parties was analyzed during the time period of the Clinton and Martin administrations. The findings were then compared to the fiscal policies implemented during the subsequent George W. Bush and Stephen Harper administrations. The results of the comparative analysis indicate that there indeed exists a significant level of discrepancy between the rhetorical affinity towards fiscal conservatism displayed by the aforementioned conservative parliamentarians on the one hand and the fiscal policies implemented by the analyzed conservative governments on the other. The results of the analysis further demonstrate that this disparity significantly tilts in favor of a stronger affinity for fiscal conservatism in the rhetoric of the aforementioned parliamentary representatives as opposed to the fiscal policies of the analyzed conservative administrations. An inter-case comparison of the American and Canadian examples further indicate that this discrepancy is more pronounced in the case of the United States while the Canadian case displays lesser but still significant disparities