CD271-selected mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue enhance cartilage repair and are less angiogenic than plastic adherent mesenchymal stem cells

CD271 is a marker of bone marrow MSCs with enhanced differentiation capacity for bone or cartilage repair. However, the nature of CD271+ MSCs from adipose tissue (AT) is less well understood. Here, we investigated the differentiation, wound healing and angiogenic capacity of plastic adherent MSCs (PA MSCs) versus CD271+ MSCs from AT. There was no difference in the extent to which PA MSCs and CD271+ MSCs formed osteoblasts, adipocytes or chondrocytes in vitro. In contrast, CD271+ MSCs transplanted into athymic rats significantly enhanced osteochondral wound healing with reduced vascularisation in the repair tissue compared to PA MSCs and control animals; there was little histological evidence of mature articular cartilage formation in all animals. Conditioned medium from CD271+ MSC cultures was less angiogenic than PA MSC conditioned medium, and had little effect on endothelial cell migration or endothelial tubule formation in vitro. The low angiogenic activity of CD271+ MSCs and improved early stage tissue repair of osteochondral lesions when transplanted, along with a comparable differentiation capacity along mesenchymal lineages when induced, suggests that these selected cells are a better candidate than PA MSCs for the repair of cartilaginous tissue

Common features of umbilical cord epithelial cells and epidermal keratinocytes

10.1016/j.jdermsci.2007.12.006Journal of Dermatological Science503227-23

Ontogênese de caneluras em pedúnculo de flores de laranjeira doce infectados pelo vírus da tristeza dos citros estirpe "Capão Bonito"

Um estudo da ontogênese das caneluras induzidas em ramos de laranjeiras doces suscetíveis por isolados severos do vírus da tristeza dos citros (Citrus tristeza vírus - CTV) foi feito usando-se como modelo pedúnculos florais e de frutos. O menor calibre destes órgãos permite um melhor acompanhamento do processo. As observações foram feitas em laranjeira cv. Pêra infetada pelo isolado severo Capão Bonito do CTV. Cinco fases do processo de formação de caneluras puderam ser deduzidas pelas análises anatômicas. As primeiras alterações são representadas pelo aparecimento de células adensadas, hipertrofia e hiperplasia no parênquima e câmbio do floema e uma desorganização generalizada desta área. Segue-se uma atividade intensa do câmbio do floema adjacente e sua expansão em direção ao xilema. Esta invasão do xilema resulta na ruptura do anel do xilema pela massa celular do floema constituída de células recém formadas de parede celular delgada. Esta invasão do floema em direção ao xilema inicia um processo de degeneração dos vasos e parênquima do xilema. Finalmente há um colapso completo da região do xilema invadida, que é substituída pela massa do floema, resultando na canelura, notada ao se remover a casca.<br>An ontogenetic study of the stem pitting was carried out, using as a model system the peduncle of flowers and fruits of sweet orange cv. Pêra infected by a very severe isolate, Capão Bonito, of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV). Anatomical and ultrastructural analysis revealed five phases of this process. It starts with the localized appearance of chromatic cells in the phloem parenchyma, hypertrophy of companion and cambial cells and overall disorganization of the phloem and deposition of a dense material. The next step is characterized by the invasion of the xylem by an abnormal mass of phloem parenchymal cells formed by the disorganized proliferation. These changes lead to the third phase, where xylem ring is interrupted by the invading abnormal phloem proliferation, which produces undifferentiated cells with thin cell wall. The irregular activity of the vascular cambium continues followed by the complete degeneration of the xylem complemented by the appearance of dense phenolic deposits. Finally, there is the complete collapse of the xylem in the invaded region, and the corresponding space is occupied by the phloem mass which correspond to the stem pitting