Using an Electronic Text-Matching Tool (Turnitin) to Detect Plagiarism in a New Zealand University

This paper is concerned with reporting the experience and findings of staff using a commercially-available textmatching tool (Turnitin) to detect plagiarism in a university setting in New Zealand. The use of actual instances of plagiarism revealed through Turnitin in a teaching department is a departure from the more usual selfreporting methodology used in many plagiarism research papers. The paper concludes by asking questions of the implications for institutions, teaching staff and students

Solid-State Microwave Electronics

Contains reports on three research projects.National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant NGL 22-009-163)Joint Services Electronics Programs (U. S. Army, U. S. Navy, and U. S. Air Force) under Contract DA 28-043-AMC-02536(E

Solid-State Microwave Electronics

Contains reports on status of research and nine research projects.National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant NGR-22-009-163

Solid-State Microwave Electronics

Contains research objectives and reports on status of research projects.National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant NGR-22-009-163

Highlights of the mini-symposium on extracellular vesicles in inter-organismal communication, held in Munich, Germany, August 2018

All living organisms secrete molecules for intercellular communication. Recent research has revealed that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in inter-organismal cell-to-cell communication by transporting diverse messenger molecules, including RNA, DNA, lipids and proteins. These discoveries have raised fundamental questions regarding EV biology. How are EVs biosynthesized and loaded with messenger/cargo molecules? How are EVs secreted into the extracellular matrix? What are the EV uptake mechanisms of recipient cells? As EVs are produced by all kind of organisms, from unicellular bacteria and protists, filamentous fungi and oomycetes, to complex multicellular life forms such as plants and animals, basic research in diverse model systems is urgently needed to shed light on the multifaceted biology of EVs and their role in inter-organismal communications. To help catalyse progress in this emerging field, a mini-symposium was held in Munich, Germany in August 2018. This report highlights recent progress and major questions being pursued across a very diverse group of model systems, all united by the question of how EVs contribute to inter-organismal communication

Sialylated N-glycans mediate monocyte uptake of extracellular vesicles secreted from Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells

Glycoconjugates on extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a vital role in internalization and mediate interaction as well as regulation of the host immune system by viruses, bacteria, and parasites. During their intraerythrocytic life-cycle stages, malaria parasites, Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) mediate the secretion of EVs by infected red blood cells (RBCs) that carry a diverse range of parasitic and host-derived molecules. These molecules facilitate parasite-parasite and parasite-host interactions to ensure parasite survival. To date, the number of identified Pf genes associated with glycan synthesis and the repertoire of expressed glycoconjugates is relatively low. Moreover, the role of Pf glycans in pathogenesis is mostly unclear and poorly understood. As a result, the expression of glycoconjugates on Pf-derived EVs or their involvement in the parasite life-cycle has yet to be reported. Herein, we show that EVs secreted by Pf-infected RBCs carry significantly higher sialylated complex N-glycans than EVs derived from healthy RBCs. Furthermore, we reveal that EV uptake by host monocytes depends on N-glycoproteins and demonstrate that terminal sialic acid on the N-glycans is essential for uptake by human monocytes. Our results provide the first evidence that Pf exploits host sialylated N-glycans to mediate EV uptake by the human immune system cells

Group analysis of structure equations for stars in radiative and convective equilibrium

It is proposed to use the Lie group theory of symmetries of differential equations to investigate the system of equations describing a static star in a radiative and convective equilibrium. It is shown that the action of an admissible group induces a certain algebraic structure in the set of all solutions, which can be used to find a family of new solutions. We have demonstrated that, in the most general case, the equations admit an infinite parameter group of quasi-homologous transformations. We have found invariants of the symmetries group which correspond to the fundamental relations describing a physical characteristic of the stars such as the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram or the mass-luminosity relation. In this way we can suggest that group invariants have not only purely mathematical sense, but their forms are closely associated with the basic empirical relations.Comment: LaTeX2e, 13page