North Korea’s human rights insecurity : state image management in the post-UN COI era

The 2014 report of the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in North Korea marked a watershed moment in international awareness and action on North Korea's human rights problem. It sparked widespread international condemnation, and prompted anxiety and insecurity on the part of North Korea, evident in the North's immediate response. This included a verbal counter‐offensive, some surprising willingness to engage with UN mechanisms, and a range of diplomatic engagement. I argue that contrary to the popular perception of North Korea as impervious to external criticism, when viewed through the conceptual lens of ontological security, the North's response to the UN COI revealed a desire to defend and secure its image in the eyes of the international community. While acknowledging continuing obstacles to a genuine normative transition in its approach to human rights, the article supports a deeper understanding of North Korea's self‐identity to guide measures to bring about change

Novel Drug Use in the LGBT Community: A Mixed Methods Approach Using the Social Structure-Social Learning Model

While studies have consistently shown higher rates of alcohol and illegal drug use among LGBT populations, no research has explored whether this trend also holds for a new breed of quasi-legal novel drugs such as Savlia divinorum and bath salts. Using a sample of 2,346 emerging adults, we examine LGBT novel drug usage in the context of learning, control, and strain theories. We find LGBT individuals have significantly higher usage levels for novel drugs and that this difference far exceeds that seen for alcohol and marijuana. When looking at criminological theory, we find that social learning constructs partially mediate the relationship between sexual orientation and novel drug use. No evidence supported hypotheses that strain or self-control mediated or acted as a moderator in this relationship. We hypothesize this phenomena may be related to do with LGBT culture having unique cultural definitions of drug use and LGBT individuals being less likely to stigmatize substance use. These findings are paired with information from qualitative interviews with LGBT participants and placed into a social structure-social learning framework. Additionally, these findings may have important implications for substance use messaging targeted at the LGBT population