El docente como facilitador de la participación en Educación Primaria

Falta palabras claveEl presente trabajo es el resultado de una investigación desarrollada en el marco del proyecto de Presupuestos Participativos con infancia y juventud de Sevilla entre los años 2005 al 2007. Este proceso provocó la apertura de nuevos espacios de participación para este sector de la población en sus familias, centros educativos y en su comunidad. Esta investigación pone su énfasis en definir una concepción clara de lo que entendemos por participación. Un concepto actualmente muy utilizado pero que es necesario definir para presentar desde qué tipo de participación se está trabajando. Apostamos por ésta como una forma de lucha colectiva e individual para el cambio y la transformación que implica una responsabilidad, un compromiso, una comunicación con el otro a la hora de la toma de decisiones. La participación implica a la persona y a ésta en relación a un colectivo. Algunos de los aspectos fundamentales son la responsabilidad, el compromiso, la comunicación y el diálogo. Pero lo que define la participación es la capacidad en la toma de decisiones. Para que un proceso participativo, tanto escolar como ciudadano, sea real, en éste el espacio de toma de decisión debe estar abierto a todas las personas implicadas en el proceso con igualdad de oportunidades y de manera justa. En primer lugar, enmarcamos nuestra concepción de educación como proceso de desarrollo desde un enfoque integral. Como a través del Desarrollo Humano, la educación emocional y la ambiental podemos llegar a una construcción autónoma del conocimiento. La segunda parte está conformada por los capítulos metodológicos. En esta parte exponemos las técnicas utilizadas en la investigación y el análisis de los datos, y damos a conocer los resultados y las conclusiones de nuestro trabajo, así como nuevas líneas de investigación a partir de la reflexión. De esta forma en el capítulo cuarto comenzamos ofreciendo determinadas aportaciones teóricas que fundamentan y justifican la elección de una metodología cualitativa desde un paradigma socio- crítico. Un proceso de Investigación Acción dentro de dicho paradigma ya que tiene una línea de investigación clara que aboga por la reflexión crítica de nuestra realidad para llegar a una transformación social de la mism

La democracia participativa: de los presupuestos a los supuestos participativos en la ciudad de Sevilla

Es mucho suponer que los Presupuestos Participativos de Sevilla incorporen todos los supuestos participativos, aunque si nos dan la oportunidad de experimentar otros modos de construir ciudadanía, desde nosotr@s mism@s, donde estamos invitadas las cuatro ciudadanías (la asociada, la no asociada, la técnica y la política). Sin embargo quedarían sin tener la repercusión social y estructural deseada si no consiguiésemos democratizar las estructuras económicas, culturales, ambientales, educativas y políticas, y esta oportunidad nos la brindan unos invitados de lujo, que con sus nuevos modos de ser, estar y hacer nos posibilitan encarar este nuevo reto que es la democracia participativa, por lo menos con el reconocimiento del estatutos de ciudadan@ de todos y todas las personas que convivimos en la comunidad de nuestro centro educativo, la calle, la plaza, el barrio, el distrito o la ciudad. Ell@s los grandes ausentes de todos y cada uno de los procesos participativos en nuestra ciudad, nos enseñan que la participación puede ser de otra manera, y que debe hacerse y cocinarse con otros ingredientes, l@s niñ@s, chavales/as y jóvenes protagonizan el gran cambio en los presupuestos participativos de Sevilla

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict kidney survival at baseline in patients with C3 glomerulopathy

10 p.-4 fig.-2 tab. 1 graph. abst.Background: C3 glomerulopathy is a rare and heterogeneous complement-driven disease. It is often challenging to accurately predict in clinical practice the individual kidney prognosis at baseline. We herein sought to develop and validate a prognostic nomogram to predict long-term kidney survival.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter observational cohort study in 35 nephrology departments belonging to the Spanish Group for the Study of Glomerular Diseases. The dataset was randomly divided into a training group (n = 87) and a validation group (n = 28). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to screen the main predictors of kidney outcome and to build the nomogram. The accuracy of the nomogram was assessed by discrimination and risk calibration in the training and validation sets.Results: The study group comprised 115 patients, of whom 46 (40%) reached kidney failure in a median follow-up of 49 months (range 24–112). No significant differences were observed in baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), proteinuria or total chronicity score of kidney biopsies, between patients in the training versus those in the validation set. The selected variables by LASSO were eGFR, proteinuria and total chronicity score. Based on a Cox model, a nomogram was developed for the prediction of kidney survival at 1, 2, 5 and 10 years from diagnosis. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.860 (95% confidence interval 0.834–0.887) and calibration plots showed optimal agreement between predicted and observed outcomes.Conclusions: We constructed and validated a practical nomogram with good discrimination and calibration to predict the risk of kidney failure in C3 glomerulopathy patients at 1, 2, 5 and 10 years.Work on this study was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III / Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (ISCIII/FEDER; grants PI16/01685 and PI19/1624) and Red de Investigación Renal (RD12/0021/0029; to M.P.) and the Autonomous Region of Madrid (S2017/BMD-3673; to M.P.). S.R.d.C. is supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (grant PID2019-104912RB-I00) and the Autonomous Region of Madrid (grant S2017/BMD-3673).Peer reviewe

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

El docente como facilitador de la participación en Educación Primaria

Resumen basado en el de la publicaciónSe presenta el resultado de una investigación desarrollada en el marco del proyecto de Presupuestos Participativos con infancia y juventud de Sevilla entre los años 2005 al 2007. Este proceso provocó la apertura de nuevos espacios de participación para este sector de la población en sus familias, centros educativos y en su comunidad. La investigación se divide en dos partes: el marco teórico y el marco metodológico. Se presenta una propuesta de perfil docente en el que se definen las competencias participativas que reconoce a los estudiantes de Educación Primaria como protagonistas y participes de sus procesos de aprendizaje.ES

Clinical Profiles and Patterns of Kidney Disease Progression in C3 Glomerulopathy

C3 glomerulopathy is a rare kidney disease, which makes it difficult to collect large cohorts of patients to better understand its variability. The aims of this study were to describe the clinical profiles and patterns of progression of kidney disease. This was a retrospective, observational cohort study. Patients diagnosed with C3 glomerulopathy between 1995 and 2020 were enrolled. Study population was divided into clinical profiles by combining the following predictors: eGFR under/above 30 ml/min per 1.73 m 2, proteinuria under/above 3.5 g/d, and histologic chronicity score under/above 4. The change in eGFR and proteinuria over time was evaluated in a subgroup with consecutive measurements of eGFR and proteinuria. One hundred and fifteen patients with a median age of 30 years (interquartile range 19-50) were included. Patients were divided into eight clinical profiles. Kidney survival was significantly higher in patients with a chronicity score <4 and proteinuria <3.5 g/d, both in those presenting with an eGFR under/above 30 ml/min per 1.73 m 2. The median eGFR slope of patients who reached kidney failure was −6.5 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 per year (interquartile range −1.6 to −17). Patients who showed a reduction in proteinuria over time did not reach kidney failure. On the basis of the rate of eGFR decline, patients were classified as faster eGFR decline (≥5 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 per year), slower (<5 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 per year), and those without decline. A faster eGFR decline was associated with higher probability of kidney failure. Kidney survival is significantly higher in patients with a chronicity score <4 and proteinuria <3.5 g/d regardless of baseline eGFR, and a faster rate of decline in eGFR is associated with higher probability of kidney failure

Discovering HIV related information by means of association rules and machine learning

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is still one of the main health problems worldwide. It is therefore essential to keep making progress in improving the prognosis and quality of life of affected patients. One way to advance along this pathway is to uncover connections between other disorders associated with HIV/AIDS-so that they can be anticipated and possibly mitigated. We propose to achieve this by using Association Rules (ARs). They allow us to represent the dependencies between a number of diseases and other specific diseases. However, classical techniques systematically generate every AR meeting some minimal conditions on data frequency, hence generating a vast amount of uninteresting ARs, which need to be filtered out. The lack of manually annotated ARs has favored unsupervised filtering, even though they produce limited results. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised system, able to identify relevant ARs among HIV-related diseases with a minimal amount of annotated training data. Our system has been able to extract a good number of relationships between HIV-related diseases that have been previously detected in the literature but are scattered and are often little known. Furthermore, a number of plausible new relationships have shown up which deserve further investigation by qualified medical experts