Skeletal and dentoalveolar bilateral dimensions in unilateral palatally impacted canine using cone beam computed tomography

Abstract Background The aim of this investigation was to compare skeletal and dentoalveolar measurements of subject with unilateral palatally impacted canine versus the unaffected contralateral side on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods A cross-sectional study (split mouth design) that included 28 CBCTs (i.e., 56 sides) with unilaterally impacted maxillary canines was performed. After conducting a pilot test to gauge the researcher, heights and widths of skeletal and dentoalveolar variables obtained in the maxilla were measured using coronal and axial views. The angulations of incisors were also measured, and the side with impaction and the unaffected side were compared. Paired sample t test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used. Results Significant statistical differences (2 mm, p < 0.001) were found between the impacted and non-impacted side measurements from the mid-palatine raphe to the first premolar (proximal alveolar bone crest between the canine (deciduous or permanent) and first premolar); the distance were significantly lower (12.72 ± 2.25 mm) than in the side without impaction (14.67 ± 2.00 mm). Also, the central and lateral incisor angulations showed significant reductions; presenting disto-angulated incisors on the impacted canine side (86.14 ± 7.70° and 74.75 ± 12.67°, respectively) and mesial-angulated incisors on the non-impacted side (91.63 ± 6.79° and 81.21 ± 8.56° respectively). The other skeletal and dentoalveolar measurements showed no significant differences. Conclusions The width from the median raphe to the first premolar is lower in the side of maxillary palatal impacted canines than in the side without impaction. Lateral angulations of incisors were disto-angulated on the side of impacted canines. Both conditions have clinical implications in the orthodontic treatment

Assessment of fractures in endodontically treated teeth restored with and without root canal posts using high-resolution cone beam computed tomography

Root fractures are a diagnostic challenge for dentists in endodontic treatment. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the characteristics of tooth fractures and the presence of root canal posts in endodontically treated teeth using high-resolution cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Fifty high-resolution CBCT scans of endodontically treated teeth with a diagnosis of fracture were obtained, of which 30 were from women and 20 were from men. These scans were acquired with three Veraviewepocs 3D units and one 3D Accuitomo 170 unit, with a 40 × 40-mm field of view and 125 ?m voxel size. The variables assessed included the type of fracture, extent of fracture, type of retention, post length, cause of endodontic failure, location of the lesion, and time required to detect the fracture (difficulty score). For data analysis, the chi-squared test, Student?s t-test, and multiple linear regression (? 0.05). On the other hand, the type of fracture significantly influenced the time required for its detection. Additionally, the most difficult plane for detecting the fracture and the difficulty score were associated, with statistically significant results. The type of fracture in endodontically treated teeth was not associated with the type of post used for restoration. All of the CBCT systems used to detect tooth fracture showed the same efficiency

Prevalence of impacted teeth and supernumerary teeth by radiographic evaluation in three Latin American countries : a cross-sectional study

Supernumerary teeth are those that exceed the usual dental formula. There are different classifications depending on their anatomical location, shape and number. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of impacted and supernumerary te

Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular canine impaction characteristics and their relationship with lower incisor root morphometry

To three-dimensionally evaluate the characteristics of mandibular canine impaction with the morphometry of the roots of the lower incisors. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 35 individuals (18 males and 17 females) with a mean age of 14.37±

Tridimensional assessment of the dental follicle dimensions of impacted mandibular third molars using cone-beam CT

The present study was performed to compare follicle dimensions of impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM) with different impaction angulations using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Forty-nine individuals with IMTM (24 male, 25 female) were selected. Their age range was 25-55 years. The sample was divided into three IMTM groups either vertical (n=16), mesioangular (n=18) or horizontal (n=15) position based on Winter?s classification (the angle between the longitudinal axis of the second and third molars). Follicular spaces (FS) from available CBCT imaging were measured from the midpoint of the teeth?s crown in several dimensions (mesial, distal, occlusal, apical, vestibular and lingual) in axial, sagittal and coronal planes. An ANOVA, T-student, Kruskal?Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used. A comparison of the mesial FS for all groups revealed significant differences (p<0.001). Significant difference was also found for vestibular FS between the vertical and mesioangular IMTM groups (p=0.04). Buccolingual FS for all groups revealed no significant differences (p=0.074), whereas significant difference was found for the vertical and horizontal IMTM groups (p=0.02). No significant statistical differences were found for occlusal (p=0.54), apical (p=0.06), and lingual (p=0.64) FS. In this sample IMTM follicles have different dimensions according to their degree of angulation. Mesioagulated and horizontally positioned IMTMs seems to consistently have some increased FS dimensions (mesial and vestibular aspects)

Primary failure of eruption : occlusal and dentoalveolar characteristics in mixed and permanent dentition. A study with cone beam computed tomography

The main objective of this study was to describe the dentoalveolar and occlusal characteristics of subjects with primary failure of eruption (PFE) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and compare them with a control group without the anomaly. This r

Tratamiento de fracturas mandibulares bicondilar y parasinfisiariacon reducción abierta y cerrada: Reporte de Caso

La mandíbula es el hueso más frecuentemente fracturado en la región facial. Dentro de estas, las fracturas condilares presentan una incidencia considerable pero su tratamiento sigue siendo tema de discusión, autores apoyan la reducción cerrada como tratamiento conservador, mientras que otros se inclinan por tratamientos quirúrgicos como reducción abierta. El presente reporte de caso describe las características clínicas y radiográficas de la fractura bicondilar y parasinfisiaria izquierda, y su tratamiento, en un paciente masculino de 18 años de edad, que presentó trauma maxilofacial generado por accidente en moto.

Tratamiento de un quiste periapical con relleno de injerto óseo mezclado con fibrina rica en plaquetas adyacente a un implante post exodoncia: Reporte de un Caso

En este caso presentamos el tratamiento realizado en una paciente de 63 años con una lesión quística apical en el maxilar superior que involucra un incisivo lateral, diagnosticada con la ayuda imagenológica de una tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC) complementada con signos y síntomas clínicos, el procedimiento consistió en una enucleación quirúrgica dejando un defecto amplio de perdida ósea, por lo que se trató con regeneración de xenoinjerto combinada con fibrina rica en plaquetas (PRF), y adyacente se colocó implante post-exodoncia. Se hace un seguimiento de su evolución a los 8 meses con TCHC, para su valoración se evalúa los cambios imagenológica del antes y el después utilizando atenuación de rayos para determinar la densidad ósea. Como en este caso las dos tomografías fueron realizadas en distintos equipos se determinó unificar los archivos Dicom en un solo software (Dolphin Imagen 3D 11.8). El uso combinado del PRF y un xenoinjerto muestran cambios de densidad que promueve la cicatrización y aceleración de la formación de nuevo hueso, dando seguridad para la colocación de un implante circundante evaluado con TCHC.

Frecuencia de foramen mentoniano accesorio y variabilidad anatómica del asa anterior del nervio mentoniano en una población peruana: estudio retrospectivo de tomografía computarizada de haz cónico.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of accessory mental foramen (AMF) and anatomical variants of the mental nerve anterior loop using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a Peruvian population. Material and methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated 80 hemi-mandibles from 40 subjects using CBCT. The sample included 38 females and 42 males, with an average age of 25±4.45 years. A 3D multi-planar reconstruction was performed to identify the location and presence of accessory mental foramina, their morphological characteristics (oval or circular), their position with respect to the mental foramen (MF), anterior loop (AL) path and other anatomical landmarks including lengths and angles. Statistical analyses included chi square and t-tests. The significance level was p&lt;0.05. Results: The frequency of AMF was 17% and the average distance AL-MF was 4.76±1.97mm. The measurements of the anterior border of AL and MF to the inferior mandibular border showed significant differences according to the sex (p&lt;0.001 and p=0.009, respectively). Conclusion: The AMF prevalence was approximately 17%. There is no association between the AMF position and its morphology, sex or side evaluated. The distances from the anterior border of the AL and from the inferior border of the MF to the inferior mandibular border were greater in males. These findings should be considered when planning implant or mini-implant placement in this region.Objetivo: Evaluar la frecuencia de foramen mentoniano accesorio (AMF) y variantes anatómicas del asa anterior del nervio mentoniano mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT) en una población peruana. Material y Métodos: Este estudio transversal retrospectivo evaluó 80 hemi-mandíbulas de 40 sujetos utilizando CBCT. La muestra incluyó 38 mujeres y 42 hombres, con una edad promedio de 25±4,45 años. Se realizó una reconstrucción en 3D multiplanar para identificar la ubicación y presencia del foramen mentoniano accesorio, sus características morfológicas (ovaladas o circulares), su posición con respecto al foramen mentoniano (MF), trayectoria del asa anterior (AL) y otros hitos anatómicos incluyendo longitudes y ángulos. Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron pruebas de chi cuadrado y t de Student. El nivel de significancia fue de p&lt;0,05. Resultados: La frecuencia de AMF fue del 17% y la distancia promedio AL - MF fue de 4,76 ± 1,97 mm. Las medidas del borde anterior de AL y MF al borde inferior mandibular mostraron diferencias significativas según el sexo (p &lt;0,001 y p=0,009, respectivamente). Conclusión: La prevalencia de HMA fue aproximadamente del 17%. No existe asociación entre la posición del AMF y su morfología, sexo o lado evaluado. Las distancias desde el borde anterior del AL y desde el borde inferior del MF al borde inferior mandibular fueron mayores en los varones. Estos hallazgos deben tenerse en cuenta al planificar la colocación de implantes o mini-implantes en esta región

Concordance of the facial biotype between Bjork-Jarabak cephalometrics and photographic analysis of the facial opening angle

Analysis of the facial biotype can provide useful information for orthodontic diagnosis and can determine the type of growth of a patient to guide orthodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the concordance of the facial biotype according to Bjork-Jarabak cephalometric analysis and photographic analysis of the angle of facial opening in Peruvian individuals.This retrospective study included 244 cephalometric radiographs and frontal photographs of the same patients obtained from a database. The facial biotype (mesofacial, brachyfacial, or dolichofacial) was determined with the Björk-Jarabak polygon (cephalometric) and the angle of facial opening (photographic). Two trained investigators performed all the measurements. The concordance of the facial diagnosis was determined using correlations of the interclass coefficient and the kappa test. p<0.05 In cases with a mesofacial biotype, both analyses coincided in 60 individuals (68.2%), while in those diagnosed with a dolichofacial biotype, the analyses only coincided in 17 individuals (10.4%). There was no concordance between the two methods regarding the brachyfacial biotype since according to the angle of facial opening none of the individuals presented a brachyfacial biotype (kappa weighted test= 0.020, p=0.586).Cephalometric and photographic analyses should be complementary and one should not substitute the other. Attention should be focused on dolichofacial and brachyfacial biotypes, which showed less concordance between evaluations. So, more studies are needed to follow this line of research