Overall survival following stereotactic radiosurgery for ten or more brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Brain metastases are the most common intracranial tumours. Variation exists in the use of stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with 10 or more brain metastases. Concerns include an increasing number of brain metastases being associated with poor survival, the lack of prospective, randomised data and an increased risk of toxicity. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess overall survival of patients with ten or more brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery as primary therapy. The search strings were applied to MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Log hazard ratios and standard errors were estimated from each included study. A random-effects meta-analysis using the DerSimonian and Laird method was applied using the derived log hazard ratios and standard errors on studies which included a control group. RESULTS: 15 studies were included for systematic review. 12 studies were used for pooled analysis for overall survival at set time points, with a predicted 12 month survival of 20-40%. The random-effects meta-analysis in five studies of overall survival comparing ten or greater metastases against control showed statistically worse overall survival in the 10 + metastases group (1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.18, p-value = < 0.01, I2 = 6%). A funnel plot showed no evidence of bias. There was insufficient information for a meta-analysis of toxicity. DISCUSSION: Overall survival outcomes of patients with ten or more brain metastases treated with SRS is acceptable and should not be a deterrent for its use. There is a lack of prospective data and insufficient real-world data to draw conclusions on toxicity. PROSPERO ID: CRD42021246115

Effect Of Impeller/Cutwater Clearance On Pump Vibration

Case Stud

Analysis material flow in company DGS Liberec s.r.o.

katedra: KVS; přílohy: CD ROM; rozsah: 44The work is considered with analysis and optimization current material flow in foundry hall of the company DGS Liberec s.r.o. The work recommends three alternative solutions for optimization current material flow. After analyzing and comparing each solution with other, at the end, the best alternative is chosen.Práce se zabývá analýzou materiálového toku a optimalizací současného stavu ve slévárně firmy DGS s.r.o. v Liberci. Součástí řešení je snaha o navrhnutí tří doporučených variant vedoucích ke zlepšení materiálového toku v pracovní hale. Po analýze a konečném zhodnocení varianty je vybrána nejlepší varianta vedoucí k řešení optimalizace materiálového toku

From chemotherapy to targeted treatment

Today, melanoma is considered as a spectrum of melanocytic malignancies that can be characterized by clinical and molecular features, including targetable mutations in several kinases. The successful development of therapies, targeting mutated BRaF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) or c-KIT (v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog), has resulted in new treatment options including vemurafenib, imatinib and mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors. These molecules are selected if the respective mutation is present. after this first progress in the treatment of advanced melanoma, there is expectation that combinations of kinase inhibitor will additionally improve the overall survival rates and progression-free survival in advanced melanom

Optomotor response in zebrafish (Danio rerio) to black –white, gray-green and gray-red stimuli

The optomotor response is one of the methods used for measuring zebrafish behavior towards moving objects. The present research has been carried out on zebrafish reaction to moving objects. In the experiment, newly fish matured of both sexes were used. To study the optical power of zebrafish an appropriate apparatus was designed. Experiments were performed with different widths of stripes in black , white (1, 2 , 7 cm), with width stripes of 1 cm in red - gray , green - gray at different velocities of 2, 3, 4, 7, 10 , 15 rpm. Results of 2-way ANOVA showed significant differences between the various widths, velocities (P0.05). Nevertheless, the fish demonstrated the most optomotor response to green-gray color (0.10±0.13), a velocity of 10 rpm (0.41±0.13)

The outcome of antibiotics as surgical prophylaxis in gynecological procedures - a retrospective study in a south Indian hospital

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of antibiotics as surgical prophylactic measure for gynecological procedures in a south Indian Hospital.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 150 women who underwent caesarean, hysterectomies, Dilation and Curettage, myomectomy, operative vaginal delivery and were prescribed antibiotics. The data regarding demographic details, presenting complaints, parity, obstetrics history, diagnosis and need for surgery was evaluated.Results: A total of 206 women admitted with surgical procedures performed were taken into consideration of which 150 were prescribed antibiotics alone but 26 patients did not respond to treatment and were given other antibiotics, 30 patients were shifted to other specialist departments or other hospital for better treatment due to economic status, hence 150 patients formed the study population. The mean age was years. Patients above years were mostly seen.Conclusions: In our study, cefuroxime appeared to be effective in prophylaxis against infections. Metronidazole appeared to be ineffective compared to Cefuroxime. Combination of Cefuroxime and metronidazole was less effective compared to Amoxicillin and potassium clavunate. Cefazolin was commonly prescribed for gynecological procedures

HT2008-56155 EFFECTS OF SYNGAS ASH PARTICLE SIZE ON DEPOSITION AND EROSION OF A FILM COOLED LEADING EDGE

Abstract The paper investigates the deposition and erosion caused by Syngas ash particles in a film cooled leading edge region of a representative turbine vane. The carrier phase is predicted using Large Eddy Simulation for three blowing ratios of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2. Three ash particle sizes of 1, 5, and 10 microns are investigated using Lagrangian dynamics. The 1 micron particles with momentum Stokes number St = 0.03 (based on approach velocity and cylinder diameter), follow the flow streamlines around the leading edge and few particles reach the blade surface. The 10 micron particles, on the other hand with a high momentum Stokes number, St = 3, directly impinge on the surface, with blowing ratio having a minimal effect. The 5 micron particles with St = 0.8, show the largest receptivity to coolant flow and blowing ratio. On a number basis, 85-90% of the 10 micron particles, 40-50% of 5 micron particles and less than 1% of 1 micron particles deposit on the surface. Overall there is a slight decrease in percentage of particles deposited with increase in blowing ratio. On the other hand, the potential for erosive wear is highest in the coolant hole and is mostly attributed to 5 micron particles. It is only at B.R.=1.2 that 10 micron particles contribute to erosive wear in the coolant hole

MnCo2O4/NiCo2O4/rGO as a Catalyst Based on Binary Transition Metal Oxide for the Methanol Oxidation Reaction

The demands for alternative energy have led researchers to find effective electrocatalysts in fuel cells and increase the efficiency of existing materials. This study presents new nanocatalysts based on two binary transition metal oxides (BTMOs) and their hybrid with reduced graphene oxide for methanol oxidation. Characterization of the introduced three-component composite, including cobalt manganese oxide (MnCo2O4), nickel cobalt oxide (NiCo2O4), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the form of MnCo2O4/NiCo2O4/rGO (MNR), was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses. The alcohol oxidation capability of MnCo2O4/NiCo2O4 (MN) and MNR was evaluated in the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) process. The crucial role of rGO in improving the electrocatalytic properties of catalysts stems from its large active surface area and high electrical conductivity. The alcohol oxidation tests of MN and MNR showed an adequate ability to oxidize methanol. The better performance of MNR was due to the synergistic effect of MnCo2O4/NiCo2O4 and rGO. MN and MNR nanocatalysts, with a maximum current density of 14.58 and 24.76 mA/cm2 and overvoltage of 0.6 and 0.58 V, as well as cyclic stability of 98.3% and 99.7% (at optimal methanol concentration/scan rate of 20 mV/S), respectively, can be promising and inexpensive options in the field of efficient nanocatalysts for use in methanol fuel cell anodes

Effect Of Annealing Temperature On Cerium Oxide Thin Films Grown By DC Sputtering Method

The cerium thin films were deposited on n-type Si (100) substrate by direct current (DC) sputtering followed by post-annealing at different temperature (400ᵒC and 600ᵒC, 800ᵒC, 1000ᵒC) in an oxygen ambient. In this study, the effect of annealing temperature on the crystallized CeO2 thin films was characterized by using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD). The surface topology and surface morphology of the CeO2 were analyzed by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The energy bandgap was calculated from the ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) measurement. GIXRD result shows (111) plane has the highest peak intensity, therefore (111) plane was selected as the preferred orientation for CeO2 thin films. AFM results reveal the root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of the CeO2 thin films decreased as annealing temperature increased from 400ᵒC to 1000ᵒ