Quantity of colouring substance in grapes and raisins from seedlesss hybrid forms with coloured grape juice (Vitis vinifera L.)

Saabunud / Received 9.06.2022 ; Aktsepteeritud / Accepted 30.06.2023 ; Avaldatud veebis / Published online 15.08.2023 ; Vastutav autor / Corresponding author Neli Keranova ; [email protected] study of the amount of colouring substance in the skins and juice of grapes and raisins of seedless vine forms with coloured grape juice of six hybrid combinations was performed. It was found that most of the hybrid forms of all crosses were superior to the mother variety Alicante Bouschet in the amount of anthocyanins in the grape juice, and only a few ones have mathematically proven differences. Most of them do not differ from the parent variety in colour intensity and colour shade, as well as in the percentage of yellow, red and blue colour. The ‘Alicante Bouschet’ variety has a proven lower content of anthocyanins in the skins of grapes and raisins of several hybrid forms. There is a proven high or moderate positive correlation between the content of anthocyanins in the skins and the juice of the grapes and the intensity of the colour in the hybrid forms of most crosses. Approximately 47% of the increase in the intensity of the colour of the grape juice can be explained by an increase in the amount of anthocyanins, and only 27% of the reasons for the changes in the intensity of the colour of the grapes are due to factors that do not affect changes in the content of anthocyanins in them

Сравнителна фенологична оценка на бели винени сортове лози отглеждани в България

A comparative phenological evaluation of a group of 32 vine varieties for white wines has been carried out. It has been found through the application of cluster analysis, PCA and factor analysis that, depending on the duration of the separate phenophases and periods in days, the studied varieties are grouped into four clusters. The phenological indicators are transformed into three factors, with a different degree of influence on the grouping of varieties, which explain 74% of the total variation. The most important for the grouping of varieties are the phenophase berry growth, and the periods flowering – berry softening and berry softening – technological maturity. In order to increase the efficiency of selection, it is advisable to cross varieties for white wines characterized by optimal phenological parameters, and belonging to clusters most remote from each other.Извършена е сравнителна фенологична оценка на група от 32 сорта лози за бели вина. Чрез прилагането на клъстерен анализ, факторен анализ чрез РСА е установено, че в зависимост от продължителността на отделните фенофази и периоди в дни, изследваните сортове са групирани в четири клъстера. Фенологичните показатели се трансформират в три фактора с различна степен на влияние върху групирането на сортовете, които обясняват 74% от общата вариация. Най-важни за групирането на сортовете са фенофаза растеж на зърната, както и периодите цъфтеж – омекване на зърната и омекване на зърната – технологична зрялост. За да се повиши ефективността на селекцията, е препоръчително да се кръстосват сортове за бели вина, характеризиращи се с оптимални фенологични параметри и принадлежащи към най-отдалечени един от друг клъстери

POTENTIAL AND POSSIBILITIES OF REBO – NEW GRAPEVINE VARIETY (Vitis vinifera L.) IN GROWING CONDITIONS IN REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Rebo (Rigotti 107-3) is a vine variety that originates from Trentino, north Italy. It was selected by the researcher Rebo Rigotti by crossing the varieties Merlot x Terlodego at the agriculture and forest experimental station in S. Michele all’ Adige. According to the literature the idea of the breeder was to produce new variety that would be similar to Merlot but more resistant to cold climate conditions. Our idea to plant Rebo in Macedonia was to grow this variety on sites with higher altitude locations that are difficult for growing Merlot. The vineyard for this study is located in the north part of Macedonia on the mountain German near the town of Kriva Palanka, area typical for growing frost resistant varieties. In this research paper we analyzed the mechanical structure of the grape cluster and berries, the quantity of sugar and titratable acids in the grapes. In the wine we analyzed the quantity of total phenols, total anthocyanins, wine colour (CI;H), total flavan-3-ols and standard chemical analysis of the wine

The effects of the summer pruning operations on the winter buds productivity of CV. Vranec (Vitis vinifera L.)

The study presents the analysis of the influence of summer pruning operations (defoliation, cluster thinning) on the parameters of a potential productivity of winter buds at the vine variety Vranec grown near Veles in the period 2013-2015. For this research, four treatments were set: control, defoliation and two types of cluster thinning: 10 and 6 clusters per vine. From the obtained results it is found that there are no injuries in the main winter buds during the vegetation period and the potential fruitfulness is determined by higher coefficient, 1.38, which depends on the location along the cane. The yield at this variety will be formed mainly by clusters with size of 350-550 mm, followed by those with the length of 550-750 mm. The application of defoliation and regulation of the vine yield has a beneficial effect on increasing the rate of potential fruitfulness of winter buds, the number of buds with 2 and 3 clusters, increasing the inflorescences with a length of 350-550 mm and the appearance of those longer than 750 mm

The Effects of the Summer Pruning Operations on the Winter Buds Productivity of cv. Vranec (Vitis vinifera L.)

The study presents the analysis of the influence of summer pruning operations (defoliation, cluster thinning) on the parameters of a potential productivity of winter buds at the vine variety Vranec grown near Veles in the period 2013-2015. For this research, four treatments were set: control, defoliation and two types of cluster thinning: 10 and 6 clusters per vine. From the obtained results it is found that there are no injuries in the main winter buds during the vegetation period and the potential fruitfulness is determined by higher coefficient, 1.38, which depends on the location along the cane. The yield at this variety will be formed mainly by clusters with size of 350-550 μm, followed by those with the length of 550-750 μm. The application of defoliation and regulation of the vine yield has a beneficial effect on increasing the rate of potential fruitfulness of winter buds, the number of buds with 2 and 3 clusters, increasing the inflorescences with a length of 350-550 μm and the appearance of those longer than 750 μm

Phenotypic proximity and remoteness of seedless vine varieties depending on their ampelographic characteristics

The degree of the phenotypic similarity and differences between 61 seedless vine varieties was studied by grouping them according to economically important phenological, agrobiological and technological indicators. A multidimensional statistical approach is applied - a cluster analysis, which provides possibilities of establishing relatively homogeneous groups (clusters), based on a set of certain indicators. As the cluster analysis does not perform any tests for the statistical significance of the results, it is combined with a factor analysis, which provides information on the reasons leading to the distribution of the individual varieties in different clusters and the merging of others into one cluster. The applied factor analysis transformed all the studied indicators into seven main components, explaining 76% of the total variance. The transformation of these traits to the corresponding number of factors and the indicators in them, which explain that the varieties belong to the separate clusters, was established. The limits of the phenotypic similarity and differences between the studied seedless vine varieties and the conditional parameters of the polymorphism with their economically significant ampelographic characteristics were determined. The presented grouping can be used for taxonomic purposes, as well as in the selection to create new seedless vine varieties. By applying targeted agro-technical measures, the desired change in the indicators of the first and second factors in the individual groups of traits can be actively influenced

AGROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF GRAPEVINE VARIETIES FOR WHITE AND RED WINES

A comparative agrobiological evaluation of grapevine varieties for white and red wines from different ecological-geographic groups have been done through application of mathematical methods - analysis of variance, cluster and factor analysis using R language for statistical processing. It has been established that the varieties Fetească albă, Fetească regală, Pamid, Dimiat and Mavrud differ materially according to almost all examined characteristics.  The analyzed indicators in the structure of the yield in the case of the oriental varieties are summarized in five factors, in the case of those from the Black Sea – in four, which are enough to explain more than half of their total variability.  With the biggest essential direct impact on the yield in the case of all varieties from the first group are the indicators from factor F3, and in the case of those from the second – F1.  Other factors which are not analyzed also have an impact on the formation of their yield

INVESTIGATION OF THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE TRAITS WHICH DETERMINE YIELD IN THE VINE CULTIVAR BOLGAR AND THE HYBRID COMBINATION BOLGAR X RUSSALKA 1

The correlations between quantitative traits, which determine yield in the vine cultivar Bolgar and F1 progeny of the hybrid combination Bolgar x Russalka 1, have been investigated through Path analysis. It has been found that there are no traits, highly significant for the formation of yield from this cultivar, for which the correlation coefficients, direct and total indirect influences have positive values. Positive correlations have been reported between the two parent cultivars and F1 progeny for the traits: shoot and fruiting shoot fertility coefficient, cluster width, total number of shoots, fruiting shoots and clusters. All studied fertility coefficients in the cultivar Bolgar exert positive direct influences, determined by moderate correlations, on the seedlings from F1 progeny. The correlations of the other traits and the influence of separate parent cultivars have positive or negative values, which can be used in the selection of valuable elite forms

Potential and possibilities of rebo – new grapevine variety (Vitis vinifera L.) in growing conditions in Republic of North Macedonia

Rebo (Rigotti 107-3) is a vine variety that originates from Trentino, North Italy. It was selected by the researcher Rebo Rigotti by crossing the varieties Merlot x Terlodego at the agriculture and forest experimental station in S. Michele all’ Adige. According to the literature the idea of the breeder was to produce new variety that would be similar to Merlot but more resistant to cold climate conditions. Our idea to plant Rebo in Macedonia was to grow this variety on sites with higher altitude locations that are difficult for growing Merlot. The vineyard for this study is located in the north part of Macedonia on the mountain German near the town of Kriva Palanka, area typical for growing frost resistant varieties. In this research paper we analyzed the mechanical structure of the grape cluster and berries, the quantity of sugar and titratable acids in the grapes. In the wine we analyzed the quantity of total phenols, total anthocyanins, wine colour (CI;H), total flavan-3-ols and standard chemical analysis of the wine