9 research outputs found
Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase C2β Regulates Cytoskeletal Organization and Cell Migration via Rac-dependent Mechanisms
Receptor-linked class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) induce assembly of signal transduction complexes through protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions that mediate cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Although class II PI3Ks have the potential to make the same phosphoinositides as class I PI3Ks, their precise cellular role is currently unclear. In this report, we demonstrate that class II phosphoinositide 3-kinase C2β (PI3KC2β) associates with the Eps8/Abi1/Sos1 complex and is recruited to the EGF receptor as part of a multiprotein signaling complex also involving Shc and Grb2. Increased expression of PI3KC2β stimulated Rac activity in A-431 epidermoid carcinoma cells, resulting in enhanced membrane ruffling and migration speed of the cells. Conversely, expression of dominant negative PI3KC2β reduced Rac activity, membrane ruffling, and cell migration. Moreover, PI3KC2β-overexpressing cells were protected from anoikis and displayed enhanced proliferation, independently of Rac function. Taken together, these findings suggest that PI3KC2β regulates the migration and survival of human tumor cells by distinct molecular mechanisms
Evaluation of cell-based assays for steroid nuclear receptors delivered by recombinant baculoviruses
Evaluation of Cell-Based Assays for Steroid Nuclear Receptors Delivered by Recombinant Baculoviruses
Cell penetrant inhibitors of the KDM4 and KDM5 families of histone lysine demethylases. 2. Pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives
Following the discovery of cell penetrant pyridine-4-carboxylate inhibitors of the KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) families of histone lysine demethylases (e.g., 1), further optimization led to the identification of non-carboxylate inhibitors derived from pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one. A number of exemplars such as compound 41 possess interesting activity profiles in KDM4C and KDM5C biochemical and target-specific, cellular mechanistic assays
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A selective jumonji H3K27 demethylase inhibitor modulates the proinflammatory macrophage response
The jumonji (JMJ) family of histone demethylases are Fe2+- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent oxygenases that are essential components of regulatory transcriptional chromatin complexes. These enzymes demethylate lysine residues in histones in a methylation-state and sequence-specific context. Considerable effort has been devoted to gaining a mechanistic understanding of the roles of histone lysine demethylases in eukaryotic transcription, genome integrity and epigenetic inheritance, as well as in development, physiology and disease. However, because of the absence of any selective inhibitors, the relevance of the demethylase activity of JMJ enzymes in regulating cellular responses remains poorly understood. Here we present a structure-guided small-molecule and chemoproteomics approach to elucidating the functional role of the H3K27me3-specific demethylase subfamily (KDM6 subfamily members JMJD3 and UTX). The liganded structures of human and mouse JMJD3 provide novel insight into the specificity determinants for cofactor, substrate and inhibitor recognition by the KDM6 subfamily of demethylases. We exploited these structural features to generate the first small-molecule catalytic site inhibitor that is selective for the H3K27me3-specific JMJ subfamily. We demonstrate that this inhibitor binds in a novel manner and reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by human primary macrophages, a process that depends on both JMJD3 and UTX. Our results resolve the ambiguity associated with the catalytic function of H3K27-specific JMJs in regulating disease-relevant inflammatory responses and provide encouragement for designing small-molecule inhibitors to allow selective pharmacological intervention across the JMJ family
Cell Penetrant Inhibitors of the KDM4 and KDM5 Families of Histone Lysine Demethylases. 2. Pyrido[3,4‑<i>d</i>]pyrimidin-4(3<i>H</i>)‑one Derivatives
Following
the discovery of cell penetrant pyridine-4-carboxylate
inhibitors of the KDM4 (JMJD2) and KDM5 (JARID1) families of histone
lysine demethylases (e.g., <b>1</b>), further optimization led
to the identification of non-carboxylate inhibitors derived from pyridoÂ[3,4-<i>d</i>]Âpyrimidin-4Â(3<i>H</i>)-one. A number of exemplars
such as compound <b>41</b> possess interesting activity profiles
in KDM4C and KDM5C biochemical and target-specific, cellular mechanistic
assays
Cell Penetrant Inhibitors of the KDM4 and KDM5 Families of Histone Lysine Demethylases. 1. 3‑Amino-4-pyridine Carboxylate Derivatives
Optimization
of KDM6B (JMJD3) HTS hit <b>12</b> led to the
identification of 3-((furan-2-ylmethyl)Âamino)Âpyridine-4-carboxylic
acid <b>34</b> and 3-(((3-methylthiophen-2-yl)Âmethyl)Âamino)Âpyridine-4-carboxylic
acid <b>39</b> that are inhibitors of the KDM4 (JMJD2) family
of histone lysine demethylases. Compounds <b>34</b> and <b>39</b> possess activity, IC<sub>50</sub> ≤ 100 nM, in KDM4
family biochemical (RFMS) assays with ≥50-fold selectivity
against KDM6B and activity in a mechanistic KDM4C cell imaging assay
(IC<sub>50</sub> = 6–8 μM). Compounds <b>34</b> and <b>39</b> are also potent inhibitors of KDM5C (JARID1C)
(RFMS IC<sub>50</sub> = 100–125 nM)