Reconfiguration

Treballs de l'alumnat del Grau de Comunicació Audiovisual, Facultat de Biblioteconomia i Documentació, Universitat de Barcelona,[Metanarratives- Grup XI]. Curs: 2016-2017, Tutor: Josep Rovira.Directora: Marina Botí; Aj. Direcció: Ana Rovira; Productora: Mireia Lacoma; Guinistes: Marina Botí, Mireia Lacoma; Directora de fotografia: Ana Rovira; Càmera: Sandra Funes; Il·luminadora: Mireia Lacoma; Muntatge: Miquel Nadal; Música: Sandra Funes; Postproducció: Miquel Nadal; Equip artístic: Víctor Luna.Reconfiguration es el título de un proyecto de videoarte que pretende hacer una crítica hacia las formas de vida a las que estamos evolucionando, la migración de la naturaleza a la tecnología, de lo real a lo ficticio, del bosque a la ciudad

Mechanical properties of Al2O3 inverse opals by means of nanoindentation

In order to understand the mechanical behaviour of Al2O3 inverse opals, nanoindentation techniques have been implemented in material layers with three different microstructures, in terms of hollow or polystyrene spheres, with Al2O3 shells of distinct wall thickness. Different indenter tip geometries as well as contact loading conditions have been used, in order to induce different stress field and fracture events to the layers. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam have been employed to understand accommodation of plastic deformation induced during the indentation process. Results show that materials with polystyrene spheres exhibit higher hardness and modulus under sharp indentation, and cracking resistance under spherical indentation. Furthermore, deformation is discerned to be mainly governed by the rotation of the microspheres. In the case of the inverse opals made of hollow spheres, the main deformation mechanisms activated under indentation are the rearrangement and densification of themPostprint (author's final draft

Analyses of 1236 genotyped primary ciliary dyskinesia individuals identify regional clusters of distinct DNA variants and significant genotype–phenotype correlations

Primary ciliary dyskinesia; DNA variants; GenotypeDiscinesia ciliar primaria; Variantes de ADN; GenotipoDiscinesia ciliar primària; Variants d'ADN; GenotipBackground Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) represents a group of rare hereditary disorders characterised by deficient ciliary airway clearance that can be associated with laterality defects. We aimed to describe the underlying gene defects, geographical differences in genotypes and their relationship to diagnostic findings and clinical phenotypes. Methods Genetic variants and clinical findings (age, sex, body mass index, laterality defects, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)) were collected from 19 countries using the European Reference Network's ERN-LUNG international PCD Registry. Genetic data were evaluated according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. We assessed regional distribution of implicated genes and genetic variants as well as genotype correlations with laterality defects and FEV1. Results The study included 1236 individuals carrying 908 distinct pathogenic DNA variants in 46 PCD genes. We found considerable variation in the distribution of PCD genotypes across countries due to the presence of distinct founder variants. The prevalence of PCD genotypes associated with pathognomonic ultrastructural defects (mean 72%, range 47–100%) and laterality defects (mean 42%, range 28–69%) varied widely among countries. The prevalence of laterality defects was significantly lower in PCD individuals without pathognomonic ciliary ultrastructure defects (18%). The PCD cohort had a reduced median FEV1 z-score (−1.66). Median FEV1 z-scores were significantly lower in CCNO (−3.26), CCDC39 (−2.49) and CCDC40 (−2.96) variant groups, while the FEV1 z-score reductions were significantly milder in DNAH11 (−0.83) and ODAD1 (−0.85) variant groups compared to the whole PCD cohort. Conclusion This unprecedented multinational dataset of DNA variants and information on their distribution across countries facilitates interpretation of the genetic epidemiology of PCD and indicates that the genetic variant can predict diagnostic and phenotypic features such as the course of lung function.This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG OM6/7, OM6/8, OM6/10, OM6/14, CRU 326 (to H. Omran, J. Raidt); OL 450/1 (H. Olbrich); CRC 1449 (project 431232613; sub-project Z02 to M.A. Mall)), the Interdisziplinaeres Zentrum für Klinische Forschung Muenster (Om2/009/12, Om2/015/16 and Om2/010/20), Registry Warehouse (Horizon2020 GA 777295) and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (82DZL009B1 to M.A. Mall). J.F. Roehmel is a participant of the Case Analysis and Decision Support (CADS) programme funded by the Berlin Institute of Health. The authors thank the “Børnelungefonden” and “Rigshospitalet's research fund” (K.G. Nielsen). A. Shoemark is supported by Asthma and Lung UK. The National UK PCD service is supported by NHS England. Some study authors and data contributors participate in the BEAT-PCD clinical research collaboration supported by the European Respiratory Society. This study was supported and promoted as part of work package 3 during the 2020-2023 BEAT-PCD funding period. H.M. Mitchison is supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital. S. Rovira-Amigo was funded by a grant from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project “PI20/01419” and co-funded by the EU and a grant of the Spanish Society of Paediatrics (Invest-AEP 2021). V. Martinu was supported by Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, grant number NV19-07-00210 and supported by Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 00064203 (conceptual development of research). E. Ziętkiewicz was supported by the Polish National Science Centre, grant 2018/31/B/NZ2/03248

Small-scale mechanical properties of constitutive phases within a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composite

Micromechanical properties of a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) composite have been assessed by statistical analysis of data gathered from experimental massive nanoindentation. The mechanical study was complemented with electron probe X-Ray microanalysis, aiming to correlate relative B/N ratio and local hardness for individual cBN particles. Best-fit of experimental and deconvoluted data is achieved by considering five mechanically different phases, defined on the basis of chemical nature, TiN/cBN interface presence, ratio between residual imprint dimension and microstructural length scale as well as phase stoichiometry. In-depth local micromechanical and chemical analysis permitted to propose and validate, for the first time, the existence of a correlation between intrinsic hardness and phase stoichiometry for cBN phase. Finally, based on experimental data measured by nanoindentation and analyzed in terms of plastic index, toughness for the PcBN composite studied is estimated to range between 4 and 6¿MPa·vm.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

The disease-specific clinical trial network for primary ciliary dyskinesia: PCD-CTN

Primary ciliary dyskinesia; Rare genetic disorder; Lung diseasesDiscinesia ciliar primaria; Trastorno genético raro; Enfermedades pulmonaresDiscinesia ciliar primària; Trastorn genètic rar; Malalties pulmonarsPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by impaired mucociliary clearance leading to irreversible lung damage. In contrast to other rare lung diseases like cystic fibrosis (CF), there are only few clinical trials and limited evidence-based treatments. Management is mainly based on expert opinions and treatment is challenging due to a wide range of clinical manifestations and disease severity. To improve clinical and translational research and facilitate development of new treatments, the clinical trial network for PCD (PCD-CTN) was founded in 2020 under the framework of the European Reference Network (ERN)-LUNG PCD Core. Applications from European PCD sites interested in participating in the PCD-CTN were requested. Inclusion criteria consisted of patient numbers, membership of ERN-LUNG PCD Core, use of associated standards of care, experience in PCD and/or CF clinical research, resources to run clinical trials, good clinical practice (GCP) certifications and institutional support. So far, applications from 22 trial sites in 18 European countries have been approved, including >1400 adult and >1600 paediatric individuals with PCD. The PCD-CTN is headed by a coordinating centre and consists of a steering and executive committee, a data safety monitoring board and committees for protocol review, training and standardisation. A strong association with patient organisations and industrial companies are further cornerstones. All participating trial sites agreed on a code of conduct. As CTNs from other diseases have demonstrated successfully, this newly formed PCD-CTN operates to establish evidence-based treatments for this orphan disease and to bring new personalised treatment approaches to patients

Preludios de la transición democrática en la prensa local sevillana : aproximación al estudio de la oposición política noticiada

En los preludios de la transición democrática, Sevilla es una ciudad conocida en la prensa por su oposición al régimen de Franco desde las fábricas y aulas universitarias, sin embargo, la oposición política no encuentra apenas lugar por la censura que se mantiene aún con la Ley de Prensa de 1966. Nuestro objetivo es describir qué y cómo es el exiguo mensaje periodístico publicado sobre los que apuestan por un cambio político. Nos servimos del método descriptivo y de la comparación sincrónica de los diarios locales Abc de Sevilla y El Correo de Andalucía. Los resultados indican que la oposición política manifiesta diferentes protagonismos según años: a) 1963-1966, monárquicos del Círculo Cultural Balmes, sobre todo, en Abc; b) 1966-1975, Rojas-Marcos, especialmente en El Correo, y c) 1963-1975, comunistas y socialistas son tratados desde el anonimato y la condena de sus actividades en Abc y, en menor medida, en El Correo de Andalucía, que les da cauce de expresión en los años inmediatamente anteriores a la muerte de Franco

Spherical indentation of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN): contact damage evolution with increasing load and microstructural effects

The extremely severe conditions at which cutting tools are exposed in hard machining operations require tool materials with outstanding mechanical properties. Excellent combinations of high hardness and fracture toughness are aimed to enhance wear and contact damage resistance; and thus, reliability of the tool. Here, spherical indentation is used to induce controlled damage, under monotonic loads, and to assess the resulting damage scenario of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN). In doing so, two grades with different content of cBN particles as well as chemical nature of the binder are investigated. Systematic and detailed inspection of residual imprints, by means of optical and scanning electron microscopy, is conducted to document critical loads for damage emergence and evolution through different stages, as a function of increasing load and micro- structural assemblage. It is found that H-PcBN grade, with higher content of cBN particles and a metallic binder, exhibits higher resistance to crack nucleation as well as a more gradual transition between distinct damage scenarios. This enhanced response is linked to the concomitant increase of hardness and fracture toughness observed for that grade, as compared to the L-PcBN one, consisting of a significantly lower amount of superhard particles bound by a binder of ceramic nature. In-depth inspection of interaction between fissures and micro- structure indicates the existence of four different crack paths for both PcBN grades - transgranular through cBN particles, across the binder phase, and intergranular along either cBN/cBN or cBN/binder interfaces. Relative frequency of these crack paths as well as operative toughening mechanisms define the effective crack growth resistance of each PcBN grade. In this regard, a higher fracture toughness is assessed for H-PcBN, as a result of crack bridging by metallic ductile ligaments together with the effective barrier-like role played by substructural features within cBN particles. Meanwhile, L-PcBN grade shows a rather low crack growth resistance, in direct correlation with the intrinsic brittle nature of the contiguous ceramic binder through which crack extension predominantly takes place. These relative differences in resistance to crack nucleation and growth become key for understanding the enhanced contact damage behaviour determined for the grade with higher content of cBN particles in this study.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

DT-TTF Salts with [Cu(dcdmp)2]−: The Richness of Different Stoichiometries

(DT-TTF)[Cu(dcdmp)(2)] (1), (DT-TTF)(2)[Cu(dcdmp)(2)] (2), and (DT-TTF)(3)[Cu(dcdmp)(2)](2) (3) are three new charge transfer salts obtained by electrocrystallization of the donor DT-TTF (dithiophene-tetrathiafulvalene) with the diamagnetic copper complex [Cu(dcdmp)(2)](-) (dcdmp = 2,3-dicyano-5,6-dimercaptopyrazine). Compounds 1 and 3 crystallize in the triclinic system and consist of out-of-registry layers of mixed stacks of donor and acceptor molecules. (DT-TTF)(2)[Cu(dcdmp)(2)] presents a structure similar to the parent spin-ladder systems with donor stacks arranged in pairs; however, a magnetic spin-ladder behavior is not observed probably due to strong interactions between pairs. Compound 3, despite the mixed nature of the stacks, displays relatively high conductivity (7 S/cm) due to a one-dimensional network of interactions between donors.This work was supported by FCT (Portugal) through contracts PTDC/QEQ-SUP/1413/2012 and UID/Multi/04349/2013 and by DGI, Spain (CTQ2013-40480), the Generalitat de Catalunya (2014SGR0017), the CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), promoted by ISCIII, Spain. R. A. L. S. is thankful to FCT for the PhD grant SFRH/BD/86131/2012.Peer reviewe

Micromechanical mapping of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride composites by means of high-speed nanoindentation: Assessment of microstructural assemblage effects

Polycrystalline cubic boron nitrides (PcBNs) are composites widely used as cutting tool materials due to their exceptional high hardness and wear resistance. Investigation of their micromechanical properties is key for optimizing PcBN’s performance through microstructural design. Within this context, high-speed nanoindentation is proposed and implemented, for three different PcBN grades, to correlate microstructure with local mechanical properties. A total of 40,000 imprints were performed in each grade. The obtained mechanical maps and data sets are statistically treated following two deconvolution approaches: 1D and 2D Gaussian fitting. The use of high-speed nanoindentation is validated not only by the reliable assessment of the intrinsic mechanical properties of cBN particles, binder and interphase region, but also by the successful mirroring of microstructural assemblage within the mechanical maps attained. Comparison of the results determined from 1D and 2D gaussian representations are in satisfactory agreement. Nevertheless, some difficulties and disparity between them arises when involving fine-grained microstructures.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

El Periodismo de Cercanía para una Cultura del Encuentro

Desde finales del siglo XXse buscan nuevas canalizaciones periodísticas para acercase a la ciudadanía más allá de la dinámica del quehacer del Periodismo Local, bien a través del uso de Medios impresos o cibernéticos, bien en productos de quioscos o gratuitos, que presenten unos contenidos multidisciplinares donde la persona sea protagonista más allá de su habitual cometido receptor para que se produzca un auténtico encuentro, una cercanía o proximidad, dentro de una acogida del entorno, para sentirnos comprensibles entre personas,más humanamente mesuradas. Analizamos esta vertebración de los Medios de Comunicación, tanto públicos como privados, en un entorno ciudadano y dilucidamos sobre un posible modelo comunicativo dentro de la denominada Cultura del Encuentro que sea equilibrio cerebral dentro de lo que podría denominarse Neuroperiodismo