An overview of the use of urine, hair, sweat and saliva to detect drug use.

This paper provides a brief overview of qualitative drug testing procedures using urine, hair, saliva and sweat specimens. Issues related to collection, analysis and interpretation of each specimen as well as their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The biological detection of drug use involves a screening test which, if positive, is followed by a confirmatory test. Urine is the most widely used specimen in the detection of drugs. Urinalysis offers an intermediate window of detection (1-3 days). Hair analysis offers the largest window of detection (7-100+ days). Saliva analysis may be useful in determining very recent drug use (1-36 hours). The analysis of sweat may be useful for continuous monitoring of drug use (1-14 days). Drug testing has become a fast, convenient process with the development of point-of-collection drug testing devices

Youtube, the new source of information and food standards for young women

International audienc

Mental health service use and ethnicity: An analysis of service use and time to access treatment by South East Asian‐, Middle Eastern‐, and Australian‐born patients within Sydney, Australia

Objective The current research aimed to assess the association between country of birth and use of a specialised mental health service in Sydney, Australia. Methods Patient file data were analysed from individuals who accessed the Clinic for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress in Western Sydney between 1996 and 2010. Patients had undergone a clinical assessment and research interview prior to receiving treatment. Data on demographic information and health history were extracted from these files. South East (SE) Asian‐ and Middle Eastern‐born minority groups were compared with an Australian‐born majority group, using country of birth as a proxy measure of ethnicity. Ratios of service use by group were compared with data on ethnicities residing within the local government area health district. Results Relative to the local population, country of birth minority status was associated with fewer patients accessing the service, with SE Asian‐born patients reporting low service use across all cohorts studied. However, Middle Eastern‐born patients' service utilisation increased over time, becoming commensurate with the local population. Middle Eastern‐born patients reported a significantly shorter delay to seek treatment compared with Australian‐born patients, although no significant differences were reported between ethnic minority groups. Conclusions Differences between SE Asian‐ and Middle Eastern‐born groups in service utilisation patterns over time and treatment delay relative to an Australian‐born group highlight the importance of better understanding the impact of ethnicity on service use

Current practice of clinical electroencephalography /

Includes index.Includes bibliographical references

Changes in heroin availability in Sydney, Australia in early 2001

Staff at the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre (NDARC) first became aware of reports of significant decreases in the availability of heroin in Sydney in the second week of January 2001. A simplified form of the Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS) was implemented in mid February to examine the credibility of these reports. This study serves as a pilot for more extensive research and as a baseline to provide an estimate of the onset and extent of the reported reduction in heroin availability

Decreased heroin availability in Sydney in early 2001

Aim To examine the veracity of reports of a substantial decrease in the availability of heroin in Sydney in January 2001

Contributions de l’application nutritionnelle Yuka à la littératie alimentaire des étudiants

International audienc

LA CONSTRUCTION SOCIALE D’UNE EXPERTISE EN MATIÈRE NUTRITIONNELLE : LE CAS DES INFLUENCEUSES FIT GIRLS SUR INSTAGRAM

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Molecular Profiling of Spermatozoa Reveals Correlations between Morphology and Gene Expression: A Novel Biomarker Panel for Male Infertility

International audienceChoosing spermatozoa with an optimum fertilizing potential is one of the major challenges in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). This selection is mainly based on semen parameters, but the addition of molecular approaches could allow a more functional evaluation. To this aim, we used sixteen fresh sperm samples from patients undergoing ART for male infertility and classified them in the high-and poor-quality groups, on the basis of their morphology at high magnification. Then, using a DNA sequencing method, we analyzed the spermatozoa methylome to identify genes that were differentially methylated. By Gene Ontology and protein-protein interaction network analyses, we defined candidate genes mainly implicated in cell motility, calcium reabsorption, and signaling pathways as well as transmembrane transport. RT-qPCR of high-and poorquality sperm samples allowed showing that the expression of some genes, such as AURKA, HDAC4, CFAP46, SPATA18, CACNA1C, CACNA1H, CARHSP1, CCDC60, DNAH2, and CDC88B, have different expression levels according to sperm morphology. In conclusion, the present study shows a strong correlation between morphology and gene expression in the spermatozoa and provides a biomarker panel for sperm analysis during ART and a new tool to explore male infertility