Effective anisotropies in magnetic nanowires using the torque method

The effective anisotropy of Co-based nanowires such as CoFe, monocrystalline hcp Co and polycrystalline Co with a mixture of fcc and hcp grains has been evaluated through micromagnetic modeling based on the magnetization torque simulations. We retrieve the experimental profile of the torque curves and show that the non-harmonic forms observed at low fields correspond to the presence of open vortices at the nanowire ends. Our results show that strong hcp anisotropy of Co cannot overcome the uniaxial character of the effective anisotropy which always remains parallel to the nanowire axis, even in the case of magnetocrystalline easy axis perpendicular to the nanowire. We evaluate effective anisotropy values for monocrystalline Co nanowires with different easy axis orientations and polycrystalline Co nanowires with different mixtures of hcp and fcc grains.Work supported by the Romanian Executive Agency for Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation Funding (UEFISCCDI) under project PN 16 37 02 02 (Nucleu Program) and by the European Commission under Grant no. 316194 (NANOSENS). The work of R.M., N.N., M.V and O.C. F was partially supported by Spanish MINECO Grant MAT2016-76824-C3-1-R, MAT2014-52405-C02-02 and MAT2013-48054-C2-1-R. The work of T.F. was partially supported by the Hungarian research fund OTKA K 107228

HLA-C*06:02 genotype is a predictive biomarker of biologic treatment response in psoriasis

Background: Biologic therapies can be highly effective for the treatment of severe psoriasis, but response for individual patients can vary according to drug. Predictive biomarkers to guide treatment selection could improve patient outcomes and treatment cost-effectiveness. Objective: We sought to test whether HLA-C*06:02, the primary genetic susceptibility allele for psoriasis, predisposes patients to respond differently to the 2 most commonly prescribed biologics for psoriasis: adalimumab (anti–TNF-α) and ustekinumab (anti–IL-12/23). Methods: This study uses a national psoriasis registry that includes longitudinal treatment and response observations and detailed clinical data. HLA alleles were imputed from genome-wide genotype data for 1326 patients for whom 90% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score (PASI90) response status was observed after 3, 6, or 12 months of treatment. We developed regression models of PASI90 response, examining the interaction between HLA-C*06:02 and drug type (adalimumab or ustekinumab) while accounting for potentially confounding clinical variables. Results: HLA-C*06:02–negative patients were significantly more likely to respond to adalimumab than ustekinumab at all time points (most strongly at 6 months: odds ratio [OR], 2.95; P = 5.85 × 10−7), and the difference was greater in HLA-C*06:02–negative patients with psoriatic arthritis (OR, 5.98; P = 6.89 × 10−5). Biologic-naive patients who were HLA-C*06:02 positive and psoriatic arthritis negative demonstrated significantly poorer response to adalimumab at 12 months (OR, 0.31; P = 3.42 × 10−4). Results from HLA-wide analyses were consistent with HLA-C*06:02 itself being the primary effect allele. We found no evidence for genetic interaction between HLA-C*06:02 and ERAP1. Conclusion: This large observational study suggests that reference to HLA-C*06:02 status could offer substantial clinical benefit when selecting treatments for severe psoriasis