130 research outputs found
MICROFINANCE ET CREATION DâEMPLOIS AU CAMEROUN
RESUMELe prĂ©sent travail tente de mettre en relief le lien entre la microfinance et la crĂ©ation des emplois Ă travers les recrutements qui font partie des pratiques de Gestion des Ressources Humaines (GRH). Les thĂ©ories des Ă©coles welfariste et institutionnaliste sont mobilisĂ©es. Les donnĂ©es sont recueillies par recherches documentaires auprĂšs des EMF camerounais de 1Ăšre catĂ©gorie. Les rĂ©sultats montrent que les EMF crĂ©ent des emplois directs et indirects. Bien que ces emplois crĂ©Ă©s restent encore dans des proportions relativement faibles, les implications managĂ©riales sont formulĂ©es pour essayer de garantir le dĂ©veloppement des EMF.  Mots clĂ©s: Microfinance, CrĂ©ation dâemplois, GRH.JEL: G21; G3
Sur la rupture expérimentale des verres monolithiques pincés
Ce travail propose une étude paramétrique sur le dimensionnement des verres monolithiques pincés. Dans le cadre de cette étude, un modÚle numérique a été développé afin de déterminer les contraintes de rupture dans le vitrage au voisinage des pinces. Ce modÚle repose sur une campagne d'essais effectués sur des plaques de verres pincés. Le modÚle prend en compte les types de produit verrier, les caractéristiques des pinces, ainsi que le comportement des intercalaires en EPDM (supposé élastique linéaire) entre les pinces et la plaque de verre. Les assemblages sont testés en flexion trois points en prenant en compte deux types de verre (trempé et recuit). Les essais de flexion sont menés jusqu'à la rupture totale de la structure verriÚre. La force appliquée ainsi que la flÚche à la rupture sont relevées et comparées au modÚle théorique. Le mode de fissuration du verre recuit est également analysé. Cette analyse met en évidence des phénomÚnes de rupture du verre monolithique différents selon les paramÚtres, par exemple la dureté de l'intercalaire. ParallÚlement, un phénomÚne de point dur est identifié et localisé en fonction des différents paramÚtres précédemment identifiés. Ce phénomÚne est comparé à la répartition des contraintes dans le produit verrier du modÚle théorique. La corrélation entre le modÚle numérique et les résultats expérimentaux montre des écarts variables en fonction du type de verre et de l'épaisseur expliqués en partie, par le comportement non-linéaire de l'intercalaire
An effective organic waste recycling through vermicomposting technology for sustainable agriculture in tropics
peer reviewedPurpose The management of household wastes has been a real challenge for the capital city of Cameroon for some years now. In order to adopt ecological and sustainable strategies for better management of organic fraction of solid wastes, the present work was aimed to propose a sustainable alternative for the recycling of household organic waste through a vermicomposting process. Method A vermicomposting of household organic waste was carried out during 46 days, preceded by 23 days of pre-composting. Then, three treatments were established by mixing epigeic earthworms with different proportion of pre-composted waste. Maturation parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), C/N ratio, ammonium (N-NH4+ ) and total organic matter (TOM) were monitored about four weeks. The agronomic quality of the vermicompost was also determined at the end. Results During pre-composting, the temperature reached a maximum of 54.3±5.4°C suitable for the elimination of potential pathogen. The pH varied between 9.44 and 8.53 leading towards neutrality at the end of the vermi-composting process. The obtained mean values of C/N ratio and the TOM were respectively 11.04-11.68 and 25.82-27.19% in line with the AFNOR (NFU 44-051) guideline. The obtained vermicompost revealed high levels of nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca and Mg. The phytotoxicity test on lettuce showed germination rates above 50%, revealing the non-toxic nature of the vermicompost produced. Conclusion The vermicompost were rich in nutrients and exhibited the non-phytotoxicity. Thus, vermicomposting can be applied in the context of Cameroon to transform organic waste into organic fertiliser suitable for sustainable agriculture
Where is the âCâ in antenatal care and postnatal care: A multiâcountry survey of availability of antenatal and postnatal care in lowâ and middleâincome settings
Objective: Antenatal (ANC) and postnatal care (PNC) are logical entry points for prevention and treatment of pregnancyârelated illness and to reduce perinatal mortality. We developed signal functions and assessed availability of the essential components of care.
Design: Crossâsectional survey.
Setting: Afghanistan, Chad, Ghana, Tanzania, Togo.
Sample: Three hundred and twentyâone healthcare facilities.
Methods: Fifteen essential components or signal functions of ANC and PNC were identified. Healthcare facility assessment for availability of each component, human resources, equipment, drugs and consumables required to provide each component.
Main outcome measure: Availability of ANC PNC components.
Results: Across all countries, healthcare providers are available (median number per facility: 8; interquartile range [IQR] 3â17) with a ratio of 3:1 for secondary versus primary care. Significantly more women attend for ANC than PNC (1668 versus 300 per facility/year). None of the healthcare facilities was able to provide all 15 essential components of ANC and PNC. The majority (>75%) could provide five components: diagnosis and management of syphilis, vaccination to prevent tetanus, BMI assessment, gestational diabetes screening, monitoring newborn growth. In SubâSaharan countries, interventions for malaria and HIV (including prevention of mother to child transmission [PMTCT]) were available in 11.7â86.5% of facilities. Prevention and management of TB; assessment of preâ or postâterm birth, fetal wellbeing, detection of multiple pregnancy, abnormal lie and presentation; screening and support for mental health and domestic abuse were provided in <25% of facilities. Conclusions: Essential components of ANC and PNC are not in place. Focused attention on content is required if perinatal mortality and maternal morbidity during and after pregnancy are to be reduced
Retard de la fécondation chez Liparis dispar
Rostand Jean. Retard de la fécondation chez Liparis dispar. In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 32 (15),1927. p. 225
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