An Interview with Jayne Barnard

But I think William & Mary Law School has got a huge number of very entrepreneurial students and faculty members who make things happen. And not because somebody told them it had to be done, but because they just decide that they\u27ll do it. -- Jayne Barnard. ------------------------------------ This interview took place in the Reeder Media Center at William & Mary on April 27th, 2023, from 12:00 to 2:00 pm. It begins by discussing Barnard’s career prior to law school, and how there was a movement of women to law schools to find careers where they would be better recognized for their hard work. She discusses joining Jenner and Block, and what it meant for them to have women already working there. She discusses her return to government by working for the mayor of Chicago, Harold Washington, and how she “cleaned up” the law department. From there, she moves to how she came from Illinois to Virginia to join William & Mary faculty in 1985. Barnard then shares her many roles at the law school, from the classes she taught to being a faculty advisor for multiple journals. Through these roles, she highlights her commitment to supporting women, which is further revealed as she talks about her involvement in the ACLU, William & Mary’s Faculty Women’s Cause, and role as Coordinator of the 100th Anniversary of Women at William & Mary. She then discusses her work in corporations, business, and white-collar crime, coming to a head in her article about victim impact statements which helped in passing the Crime Victims’ Rights Act of 2004 and got her a seat in the courtroom during the Bernie Madoff case. The interview finishes with Barnard sharing a few different stories and comments about the general community and entrepreneurship of the students and faculty of William & Mary Law School.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist_all/1004/thumbnail.jp

An Interview with Judith M. Conti

...there are many lawyers who look at the law as the limits of what they can do. And instead, I feel like my education taught me to think beyond the limits of what the law is and more about what the law should be and how we can achieve that kind of change. -- Judy Conti. ------------------------------------ This interview took place in the Reeder Media Center at William & Mary on March 8th, 2023, from 2:00 to 3:00 pm. The interview began with Conti discussing her Catholic and liberal upbringing which developed a strong need to give back through public service. She decided that she wanted to go to William & Mary’s Law School because it was a school based on community, rather than competition. She then discussed some of the professors and classes that had the largest impact on Conti as a student. Conti then shares why “Big Law” was not for her and how she knew public service was for her. Conti then covers the revival of the Women’s Law Society as a 1L, co-founding the Journal of Women and the Law, and Professor Jayne Barnard’s advice and encouragement for women in the legal field. Finally, Conti shares about her work after law school, describing cases that inspired her passion for labor and employment law and the co-founding of the DC Employment Justice Center. Conti concludes with remarks about how she continues to carry with her the William & Mary tradition of the citizen lawyer and emphasizing community.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist_all/1002/thumbnail.jp

An Interview with Judith M. Conti

...there are many lawyers who look at the law as the limits of what they can do. And instead, I feel like my education taught me to think beyond the limits of what the law is and more about what the law should be and how we can achieve that kind of change. -- Judy Conti. ------------------------------------ This interview took place in the Reeder Media Center at William & Mary on March 8th, 2023, from 2:00 to 3:00 pm. The interview began with Conti discussing her Catholic and liberal upbringing which developed a strong need to give back through public service. She decided that she wanted to go to William & Mary’s Law School because it was a school based on community, rather than competition. She then discussed some of the professors and classes that had the largest impact on Conti as a student. Conti then shares why “Big Law” was not for her and how she knew public service was for her. Conti then covers the revival of the Women’s Law Society as a 1L, co-founding the Journal of Women and the Law, and Professor Jayne Barnard’s advice and encouragement for women in the legal field. Finally, Conti shares about her work after law school, describing cases that inspired her passion for labor and employment law and the co-founding of the DC Employment Justice Center. Conti concludes with remarks about how she continues to carry with her the William & Mary tradition of the citizen lawyer and emphasizing community.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist_all/1002/thumbnail.jp

An Interview with Jayne Barnard

But I think William & Mary Law School has got a huge number of very entrepreneurial students and faculty members who make things happen. And not because somebody told them it had to be done, but because they just decide that they\u27ll do it. -- Jayne Barnard. ------------------------------------ This interview took place in the Reeder Media Center at William & Mary on April 27th, 2023, from 12:00 to 2:00 pm. It begins by discussing Barnard’s career prior to law school, and how there was a movement of women to law schools to find careers where they would be better recognized for their hard work. She discusses joining Jenner and Block, and what it meant for them to have women already working there. She discusses her return to government by working for the mayor of Chicago, Harold Washington, and how she “cleaned up” the law department. From there, she moves to how she came from Illinois to Virginia to join William & Mary faculty in 1985. Barnard then shares her many roles at the law school, from the classes she taught to being a faculty advisor for multiple journals. Through these roles, she highlights her commitment to supporting women, which is further revealed as she talks about her involvement in the ACLU, William & Mary’s Faculty Women’s Cause, and role as Coordinator of the 100th Anniversary of Women at William & Mary. She then discusses her work in corporations, business, and white-collar crime, coming to a head in her article about victim impact statements which helped in passing the Crime Victims’ Rights Act of 2004 and got her a seat in the courtroom during the Bernie Madoff case. The interview finishes with Barnard sharing a few different stories and comments about the general community and entrepreneurship of the students and faculty of William & Mary Law School.https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/oralhist_all/1004/thumbnail.jp

Coronal Heating as Determined by the Solar Flare Frequency Distribution Obtained by Aggregating Case Studies

Flare frequency distributions represent a key approach to addressing one of the largest problems in solar and stellar physics: determining the mechanism that counter-intuitively heats coronae to temperatures that are orders of magnitude hotter than the corresponding photospheres. It is widely accepted that the magnetic field is responsible for the heating, but there are two competing mechanisms that could explain it: nanoflares or Alfv\'en waves. To date, neither can be directly observed. Nanoflares are, by definition, extremely small, but their aggregate energy release could represent a substantial heating mechanism, presuming they are sufficiently abundant. One way to test this presumption is via the flare frequency distribution, which describes how often flares of various energies occur. If the slope of the power law fitting the flare frequency distribution is above a critical threshold, $\alpha=2$ as established in prior literature, then there should be a sufficient abundance of nanoflares to explain coronal heating. We performed $>$600 case studies of solar flares, made possible by an unprecedented number of data analysts via three semesters of an undergraduate physics laboratory course. This allowed us to include two crucial, but nontrivial, analysis methods: pre-flare baseline subtraction and computation of the flare energy, which requires determining flare start and stop times. We aggregated the results of these analyses into a statistical study to determine that $\alpha = 1.63 \pm 0.03$. This is below the critical threshold, suggesting that Alfv\'en waves are an important driver of coronal heating.Comment: 1,002 authors, 14 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, published by The Astrophysical Journal on 2023-05-09, volume 948, page 7