A Brief Comparison Between Available Bio-printing Methods

The scarcity of organs for transplant has led to large waiting lists of very sick patients. In drug development, the time required for human trials greatly increases the time to market. Drug companies are searching for alternative environments where the in-vivo conditions can be closely replicated. Both these problems could be addressed by manufacturing artificial human tissue. Recently, researchers in tissue engineering have developed tissue generation methods based on 3-D printing to fabricate artificial human tissue. Broadly, these methods could be classified as laser-assisted and laser free. The former have very fine spatial resolutions (10s of $\mu$m) but suffer from slow speed ( $< 10^2$ drops per second). The later have lower spatial resolutions (100s of $\mu$ m) but are very fast (up to $5\times 10^3$ drops per second). In this paper we review state-of-the-art methods in each of these classes and provide a comparison based on reported resolution, printing speed, cell density and cell viability

Fast kk-NNG construction with GPU-based quick multi-select

In this paper we describe a new brute force algorithm for building the $k$-Nearest Neighbor Graph ($k$-NNG). The $k$-NNG algorithm has many applications in areas such as machine learning, bio-informatics, and clustering analysis. While there are very efficient algorithms for data of low dimensions, for high dimensional data the brute force search is the best algorithm. There are two main parts to the algorithm: the first part is finding the distances between the input vectors which may be formulated as a matrix multiplication problem. The second is the selection of the $k$-NNs for each of the query vectors. For the second part, we describe a novel graphics processing unit (GPU) -based multi-select algorithm based on quick sort. Our optimization makes clever use of warp voting functions available on the latest GPUs along with use-controlled cache. Benchmarks show significant improvement over state-of-the-art implementations of the $k$-NN search on GPUs

Analysis of Oxygen Affinity of the Major Hemoglobin Component HbA from Aquila chrysaetos (Golden Eagle)

Aquila chrysaetos(golden eagle), a high altitude bird is usually found perched on poles or cliff edges. Its hemoglobin is adapted to high altitude hypoxic condition. To understand the mechanism of respiration in A.chrysaetoswe need to understand the three dimensional structure of its hemoglobin. During our contemplation, a three dimensional model of hemoglobinfrom A.chrysaetos was predicted though homology modeling using Turkey (Meleagrisgallopavo)’s HbA as template. MODELLER was used to create three dimensional patterns.Stereochemistry of the models was evaluated by PROCHECK and ProSA. This study is about the analysis of effects of inter-subunit contacts on oxygen affinity of the hemoglobin. The effect of the following pairs of inter-subunit contacts on the oxygen affinity of the hemoglobin have been studied i.e. ?99 and ?101, ?34 and ?125, ?38 and ?99 and ?97, ?119and ?55, ?35 and ?128, and ?103 and ?112. The absence of bonds between these pair like other hypoxic condition dwellers might be the main cause of its living under low oxygen tension. Keywords: High altitude, hypoxic, Inter-subunit Contacts, R-state, bird

Metalanguage and Learning Grammar among Iranian EFL Learners

This research was conducted on Iranian EFL learners in Tehran Institute of Technology (The West Branch) to examine the effect of teachers’ metalanguage on learners’ learning of grammatical points. In each level of elementary and intermediate, two groups were chosen, an experimental and a control group. In the experimental group, the teachers used metalanguage to teach grammar points. However, in control group the teachers used examples to teach grammar points. The result indicated that the metalanguage had impacted the learners’ learning of grammatical points. The effect was more obvious with regard to the learning of grammatical points where the intermediate learners remarkably did better than the elementary ones

The Relationship between Recast and Noticing Sensed by Basic Level EFL Learners

The role of corrective feedback, especially recast, has become a highly controversial issue in language learning. In this study, the researcher intended to see which kind of recast resulted in better noticing on the part of learners. In doing so, 32 EFL learners at the elementary level participated in the current research. They were divided in two different groups, one included 18 and the other 14 learners.  The study aims to help teachers to better understand the effectiveness of full recast and partial recast. Chi Square and Paired-Samples t-test were run to analyze the data. The hypothesis was retained, thereby showing there is no difference between full and partial recast in improving the learners’ noticing ability

SSF workshop: looking ahead

Implementation of the FAO SSF Guidelines, through appropriate legislation, would go a long way to help shore up the livelihoods of the small-scale fisherfolk of Pakistan

Synthesize and Characterization of Crystalline Structure and Phase Transition Temperature of Ce Substituted Ba- TiO3 Ceramics

Characterization and synthesize of Ba1-xCexTiO3 (x=0.01mol.) annealed at three different temperatures (1100oC, 1200 oC, 1300 oC) have been studied. For preparing powder of &nbsp;(x = 0.01 moles), Sol- Gel synthesis was carried out according to the stoichiometric conditions. The powder obtained palletized at 1.5 ton /mm2 pressure into a 10 mm dia. Pellet using PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) as binder. The pellets were then annealed at 1100oC for 1 hour. Then silver paste was applied on pellet by fully coating the one side and applying a single dot on other side, for making the pellet as capacitor. The XRD pattern reveals that the lattice parameter increases with the Ce doping and c/a ratio decreased which shows that tetragonality decreases. In all investigated samples it is assumed that the phase transition analysis, after doping Ce in BaTiO3 the Curie temperature decreases

Knowledge and Practice Gaps among Pediatric Nurses at a Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi Pakistan

The advancement in medical science has created health care environments that require nursing professionals who posses specialized clinical knowledge and skills to provide care and deal with critically and acutely ill children. This study explored gaps between knowledge and practice as perceived by the registered nurses of pediatric units by further recommending the changes suggested by them. A descriptive exploratory study design under the quantitative research methodology was utilized using universal sampling of all pediatric nurses working at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. The gaps between knowledge and practice, as perceived by the participants, were categorized into five major categories: (1) medication (34%), (2) skills (28.3%), (3) knowledge (13.36%), (4) handling of code blue and intubations (12.6%), and (5) operating medical devices (11.58%). As a result, anxiety and incompetency were notably seen in the participants which had great amount of impact on the level of care provided to the patients. The implications of the findings for quality patient care were also analyzed