A satisfação vital: sua relação com o preconceito, a identidade nacional, a autoestima e o bem-estar material, em imigrantes

El propósito de esta investigación fue estudiar la relación de la satisfacción vital con varios factores psicosociales corrientemente vinculados a los procesos de migración internacional. En concreto, este estudio exploró la relación de la satisfacción vital - componente cognitivo del bienestar subjetivo - con las variables prejuicio grupal percibido, discriminación personal percibida, autoestima global personal, identidad nacional y bienestar material percibido. La investigación, de tipo empírico y cuantitativo, se realizó a través de un muestreo no probabilístico con inmigrantes colombianos en varias ciudades del Ecuador (N = 185). Confirmando las hipótesis, se halló una relación positiva entre la satisfacción vital, el bienestar material percibido y la autoestima. Se confirmó así mismo una relación negativa entre la satisfacción vital, la discriminación personal percibida y la identidad nacional. Estas mismas variables; la autoestima, el bienestar material percibido, la discriminación personal percibida y la identidad nacional, emergieron como predictoras de la satisfacción vital. No se confirmó, en cambio, la relación negativa hipotetizada entre la satisfacción vital y el prejuicio grupal percibido. Se hace un análisis de dichos resultados desde la literatura psicosocial.O propósito desta pesquisa foi estudar a relação da satisfação vital com vários fatores psicossociais correntemente vinculados aos processos de migração internacional. Em concreto, este estudo explorou a relação da satisfação vital - componente cognitivo do bem-estar subjetivo - com as variáveis preconceito grupal percebido, discriminação pessoal percebida, autoestima global pessoal, identidade nacional e bem-estar material percebido. A pesquisa, de tipo empírica e quantitativa, foi realizada através de um amostra não probabilística com imigrantes colombianos em várias cidades do Equador (N = 185). Confirmando as hipóteses, foi encontrada uma relação positiva entre a satisfação vital, o bem-estar material percebido e a autoestima. Foi confirmada assim uma relação negativa entre a satisfação vital, a discriminação pessoal percebida e a identidade nacional. Estas mesmas variáveis; a autoestima, o bem-estar material percebido, a discriminação pessoal percebida e a identidade nacional, emergiram como preditoras da satisfação vital. Contudo, não foi confirmada a relação negativa hipotética entre a satisfação vital e o preconceito grupal percebido. É feita uma análise desses resultados desde a literatura psicossocial.The aim of this research was to study the relationship between life satisfaction and various psychosocial variables usually linked to international migration processes. Specifically, this study explored the relationship between life satisfaction-a cognitivedimension of subjective well-being- and perceived group prejudice, perceived personal discrimination, global personal self-esteem, national identity and perceived material well- being. The research, of empirical quantitative type, was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of Colombian migrants at several cities of Ecuador. As expected, the hypothesis that life satisfaction was positively related to self -esteem and perceived material well-being was confirmed. Also, a negative correlation was confirmed between life satisfaction, perceived personal discrimination and national identity. Results show that the variables self-esteem, perceived material well-being, perceived personal discrimination and national identity are significant predictors of life satisfaction. Findings didn´t confirm the expected negative association between life satisfaction and perceived group prejudice. Results are analyzed from a psychosocial perspective

Molecular cytogenetic evaluation of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and precursor lesions

Analyses of cancer incidence data in the United States and Western Europe revealed steadily rising rates over the past decades of adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia. Genetic information on gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and its preneoplasias is sparse. We have used comparative genomic hybridization to obtain a genome-wide overview of 20 archival gastric cardia adenocarcinomas and 10 adjacent preneoplastic lesions (

Coherent states for Hopf algebras

Families of Perelomov coherent states are defined axiomatically in the context of unitary representations of Hopf algebras possessing a Haar integral. A global geometric picture involving locally trivial noncommutative fibre bundles is involved in the construction. A noncommutative resolution of identity formula is proved in that setup. Examples come from quantum groups.Comment: 19 pages, uses kluwer.cls; the exposition much improved; an example of deriving the resolution of identity via coherent states for SUq(2) added; the result differs from the proposals in literatur

Observations of quasi-periodic solar X-ray emission as a result of MHD oscillations in a system of multiple flare loops

We investigate the solar flare of 20 October 2002. The flare was accompanied by quasi-periodic pulsations (QPP) of both thermal and nonthermal hard X-ray emissions (HXR) observed by RHESSI in the 3-50 keV energy range. Analysis of the HXR time profiles in different energy channels made with the Lomb periodogram indicates two statistically significant time periods of about 16 and 36 seconds. The 36-second QPP were observed only in the nonthermal HXR emission in the impulsive phase of the flare. The 16-second QPP were more pronounced in the thermal HXR emission and were observed both in the impulsive and in the decay phases of the flare. Imaging analysis of the flare region, the determined time periods of the QPP and the estimated physical parameters of magnetic loops in the flare region allow us to interpret the observations as follows. 1) In the impulsive phase energy was released and electrons were accelerated by successive acts with the average time period of about 36 seconds in different parts of two spatially separated, but interacting loop systems of the flare region. 2) The 36-second periodicity of energy release could be caused by the action of fast MHD oscillations in the loops connecting these flaring sites. 3) During the first explosive acts of energy release the MHD oscillations (most probably the sausage mode) with time period of 16 seconds were excited in one system of the flare loops. 4) These oscillations were maintained by the subsequent explosive acts of energy release in the impulsive phase and were completely damped in the decay phase of the flare.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Prevalence of HIV and disease outcomes on the medical and surgical wards at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) in a range of clinical settings. We describe the characteristics of patients diagnosed with HIV on the medical and surgical wards at a tertiary care hospital in Malawi. Methods: Under the universal opt-out HCT protocol we characterized the number of new HIV/AIDS infections and associated clinical features among hospitalized surgical and medical patients diagnosed during the course of admission. Results: All 2985 and 3959 medical and surgical patients, respectively, admitted between April 2012 and January 2013 were screened for HCT. 62% and 89% of medical and surgical patients, respectively, had an unknown status on admission and qualified for testing. Of the patients with an unknown status, a new HIV diagnosis was made in 20% and 7% of medical and surgical patients, respectively. Of the newly diagnosed patients with a CD4 count recorded, 91% and 67% of medical and surgical patients, respectively, had a count less than 350, qualifying for ART by Malawi ART guidelines. Newly HIV-diagnosed medical and surgical patients had an inpatient mortality of 20% and 2%, respectively. Discussion: While newly diagnosed HIV-positive medical patients had high inpatient mortality and higher rates of WHO stage 3 or 4 conditions, surgical patients presented with less advanced HIV, though still meeting ART initiation guidelines. The medical inpatient wards are an obvious choice for implementing voluntary counseling and testing (VCT), but surgical patients present with less advanced disease and starting treatment in this group could result in more years of life gained

Ontogenic differences in sexual size dimorphism across four plover populations

Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) among adults is commonly observed in animals and is considered to be adaptive. However, the ontogenic emergence of SSD, i.e. the timing of divergence in body size between males and females, has only recently received attention. It is widely acknowledged that the ontogeny of SSD may differ between species, but it remains unclear how variable the ontogeny of SSD is within species. Kentish Plovers Charadrius alexandrinus and Snowy Plovers C. nivosus are closely related wader species that exhibit similar, moderate (c. 4%), male-biased adult SSD. To assess when SSD emerges we recorded tarsus length variation among 759 offspring in four populations of these species. Tarsus length of chicks was measured on the day of hatching and up to three times on recapture before fledging. In one population (Mexico, Snowy Plovers), males and females differed in size from the day of hatching, whereas growth rates differed between the sexes in two populations (Turkey and United Arab Emirates, both Kentish Plovers). In contrast, a fourth population (Cape Verde, Kentish Plovers) showed no significant SSD in juveniles. Our results suggest that adult SSD can emerge at different stages of development (prenatal, postnatal and post-juvenile) in different populations of the same species. We discuss the proximate mechanisms that may underlie these developmental differences

Cosmology at the Millennium

One hundred years ago we did not know how stars generate energy, the age of the Universe was thought to be only millions of years, and our Milky Way galaxy was the only galaxy known. Today, we know that we live in an evolving and expanding Universe comprising billions of galaxies, all held together by dark matter. With the hot big-bang model, we can trace the evolution of the Universe from the hot soup of quarks and leptons that existed a fraction of a second after the beginning to the formation of galaxies a few billion years later, and finally to the Universe we see today 13 billion years after the big bang, with its clusters of galaxies, superclusters, voids, and great walls. The attractive force of gravity acting on tiny primeval inhomogeneities in the distribution of matter gave rise to all the structure seen today. A paradigm based upon deep connections between cosmology and elementary particle physics -- inflation + cold dark matter -- holds the promise of extending our understanding to an even more fundamental level and much earlier times, as well as shedding light on the unification of the forces and particles of nature. As we enter the 21st century, a flood of observations is testing this paradigm.Comment: 44 pages LaTeX with 14 eps figures. To be published in the Centennial Volume of Reviews of Modern Physic

A High Statistics Search for Ultra-High Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from Cygnus X-3 and Hercules X-1

We have carried out a high statistics (2 Billion events) search for ultra-high energy gamma-ray emission from the X-ray binary sources Cygnus X-3 and Hercules X-1. Using data taken with the CASA-MIA detector over a five year period (1990-1995), we find no evidence for steady emission from either source at energies above 115 TeV. The derived upper limits on such emission are more than two orders of magnitude lower than earlier claimed detections. We also find no evidence for neutral particle or gamma-ray emission from either source on time scales of one day and 0.5 hr. For Cygnus X-3, there is no evidence for emission correlated with the 4.8 hr X-ray periodicity or with the occurrence of large radio flares. Unless one postulates that these sources were very active earlier and are now dormant, the limits presented here put into question the earlier results, and highlight the difficulties that possible future experiments will have in detecting gamma-ray signals at ultra-high energies.Comment: 26 LaTeX pages, 16 PostScript figures, uses psfig.sty to be published in Physical Review