Osteopilus vastus

Number of Pages: 3Integrative BiologyGeological Science

The Operator form of 3H (3He) and its Spin Structure

An operator form of the 3N bound state is proposed. It consists of eight operators formed out of scalar products in relative momentum and spin vectors, which are applied on a pure 3N spin 1/2 state. Each of the operators is associated with a scalar function depending only on the magnitudes of the two relative momenta and the angle between them. The connection between the standard partial wave decomposition of the 3N bound state and the operator form is established, and the decomposition of these scalar function in terms of partial wave components and analytically known auxiliary functions is given. That newly established operator form of the 3N bound state exhibits the dominant angular and spin dependence analytically. The scalar functions are tabulated and can be downloaded. As an application the spin dependent nucleon momentum distribution in a polarized 3N bound state is calculated to illustrate the use of the new form of the 3N bound state.Comment: 21 pages, 1 table, 8 figures, revtex

Zitterbewegung of nearly-free and tightly bound electrons in solids

We show theoretically that nonrelativistic nearly-free electrons in solids should experience a trembling motion (Zitterbewegung, ZB) in absence of external fields, similarly to relativistic electrons in vacuum. The Zitterbewegung is directly related to the influence of periodic potential on the free electron motion. The frequency of ZB is $\omega\approx E_g/\hbar$, where $E_g$ is the energy gap. The amplitude of ZB is determined by the strength of periodic potential and the lattice period and it can be of the order of nanometers. We show that the amplitude of ZB does not depend much on the width of the wave packet representing an electron in real space. An analogue of the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, known from relativistic quantum mechanics, is introduced in order to decouple electron states in various bands. We demonstrate that, after the bands are decoupled, electrons should be treated as particles of a finite size. In contrast to nearly-free electrons we consider a two-band model of tightly bound electrons. We show that also in this case the electrons should experience the trembling motion. It is concluded that the phenomenon of Zitterbewegung of electrons in crystalline solids is a rule rather than an exception.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures Published version, minor changes mad

Unambiguous pure state identification without classical knowledge

We study how to unambiguously identify a given quantum pure state with one of the two reference pure states when no classical knowledge on the reference states is given but a certain number of copies of each reference quantum state are presented. By the unambiguous identification, we mean that we are not allowed to make a mistake but our measurement can produce an inconclusive result. Assuming the two reference states are independently distributed over the whole pure state space in a unitary invariant way, we determine the optimal mean success probability for an arbitrary number of copies of the reference states and a general dimension of the state space. It is explicitly shown that the obtained optimal mean success probability asymptotically approaches that of the unambiguous discrimination as the number of the copies of the reference states increases.Comment: v3: 8 pages, minor corrections, journal versio

Photoconductance of a submicron oxidized line in surface conductive single crystalline diamond

We report on sub-bandgap optoelectronic phenomena of hydrogen-terminated diamond patterned with a submicron oxidized line. The line acts as an energy barrier for the two-dimensional hole gas located below the hydrogenated diamond surface. A photoconductive gain of the hole conductivity across the barrier is measured for sub-bandgap illumination. The findings are consistent with photogenerated electrons being trapped in defect levels within the barrier. We discuss the spatial and energetic characteristics of the optoelectronic phenomena, as well as possible photocurrent effects

Understandings of Vulnerability and Social Determinants of Health in Forensic and Expert Social Anthropology: A Scoping Review

Forensic and expert social anthropology (FESA) is a branch of social anthropology that specialises in the provision of evidence to legal-administrative processes, which are overseen by courts and other legally empowered bodies, and which give regard to the social cultures of legally and administratively involved individuals and communities (LAIICs). Despite a preoccupation with political advocacy in the broader philosophy of social anthropology, FESA literature does not typically give regard to LAIIC vulnerability defined qualitatively in terms of social determinants of health, including physical, mental, and social well-being. This paper presents findings from a JBI/PRISMA-ScR scoping review of n=1,674 texts, identifying eight recurrent practice concerns in the relevant literature. Findings indicate that LAIIC vulnerability ranks only sixth among FESA practice concerns. This article serves as a study of FESA models of LAIIC vulnerability and social determinants of health and an unprecedented demonstration of scoping review methodology applied to social anthropological literature

Correction, improvement and model verification of CARE 3, version 3

An independent verification of the CARE 3 mathematical model and computer code was conducted and reported in NASA Contractor Report 166096, Review and Verification of CARE 3 Mathematical Model and Code: Interim Report. The study uncovered some implementation errors that were corrected and are reported in this document. The corrected CARE 3 program is called version 4. Thus the document, correction. improvement, and model verification of CARE 3, version 3 was written in April 1984. It is being published now as it has been determined to contain a more accurate representation of CARE 3 than the preceding document of April 1983. This edition supercedes NASA-CR-166122 entitled, 'Correction and Improvement of CARE 3,' version 3, April 1983

A Solution of the Maxwell-Dirac Equations in 3+1 Dimensions

We investigate a class of localized, stationary, particular numerical solutions to the Maxwell-Dirac system of classical nonlinear field equations. The solutions are discrete energy eigenstates bound predominantly by the self-produced electric field.Comment: 12 pages, revtex, 2 figure

The Oregon Sustainable Community Digital Library: Built to Fill a Need

The article focuses on the launching of the Oregon Sustainable Community Digital Library (OSCDL) at the Portland State University Library in Portland, Oregon. The digital library is created to be a central repository for an access of historical planning documents within the area. The collaboration among the university, library, state and municipal agencies in this common goal has made the project more significant. Making the digitalization of vital planning reports and images from the 1960s through 1990s has been the latest goal of the project. This is in line of its vision in making information accessible regardless of physical location and off-site storage