Noise Trading and Exchange Rate Regimes

Both the literature and new empirical evidence show that exchange rate regimes differ primarily by the noisiness of the exchange rate, not be measurable macroeconomic fundamentals. This motivates a theoretical analysis of exchange rate regimes with noise traders. The presence of noise traders can lead to multiple equilibria in the foreign exchange market. The entry of noise traders both create and share the risk associated with exchange rate volatility. In such circumstances, monetary policy can be used to lower exchange rate volatility without altering macroeconomic fundamentals.

Motivation, Rationality, and Secular Purpose in Establishment Clause Review

Latridiidae of mainland France and Corsica : updated checklist of species (Coleoptera, Cucujoidea). New captures allow updating the checklist of the Latridiidae of France. Seven species are reported as new for this country : Corticaria espanyoli Otero & López, 2009, C. pinicola Brisout de Barneville, 1866, Dienerella (Cartoderema) besucheti Vincent, 1994, D. (C.) huguettae Vincent, 1991, Enicmus atriceps Hansen, 1962, E. planipennis Strand, 1940, and Metophthalmus hispanicus Reitter, 1908. An illustrated key to species of the genus Melanophthalma is also provided.De nouvelles captures permettent de compléter le catalogue des espèces de Latridiidae de la faune de France. Sept espèces sont signalées comme nouvelles pour la France : Corticaria espanyoli Otero & López, 2009, C. pinicola Brisout de Barneville, 1866, Dienerella (Cartoderema) besucheti Vincent, 1994, D. (C.) huguettae Vincent, 1991, Enicmus atriceps Hansen, 1962, E. planipennis Strand, 1940, et Metophthalmus hispanicus Reitter, 1908. Une clé illustrée des espèces du genre Melanophthalma est également fournie.Rose Olivier, Vincent Roger. Latridiidae de la faune de France continentale et de Corse : mise à jour du catalogue des espèces (Coleoptera, Cucujoidea). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 119 (1),2014. pp. 67-71

Cascaded encoders for fine-tuning ASR models on overlapped speech

Multi-talker speech recognition (MT-ASR) has been shown to improve ASR performance on speech containing overlapping utterances from more than one speaker. Multi-talker models have typically been trained from scratch using simulated or actual overlapping speech datasets. On the other hand, the trend in ASR has been to train foundation models using massive datasets collected from a wide variety of task domains. Given the scale of these models and their ability to generalize well across a variety of domains, it makes sense to consider scenarios where a foundation model is augmented with multi-talker capability. This paper presents an MT-ASR model formed by combining a well-trained foundation model with a multi-talker mask model in a cascaded RNN-T encoder configuration. Experimental results show that the cascade configuration provides improved WER on overlapping speech utterances with respect to a baseline multi-talker model without sacrificing performance achievable by the foundation model on non-overlapping utterances

Health Prompts Affect Consideration of Health but Not Intertemporal Preferences While Promoting Healthier Food Choices

Diet-related diseases impact populations across the globe. While intertemporal preferences—a fundamental preference for the distribution of benefits across time—have been used to explain low-quality food choices, the recent literature proposes another cause: inattention to the future implications (or opportunity costs) of the options faced. Food choices tend to become habitual to conserve cognitive resources, rather than carefully modeling future health impacts. Both low discount rates for future benefits and attention to future health impacts predict healthier decisions. While intertemporal preferences are stable, attention may provide an opportunity to intervene in the decision process to promote healthier decisions. In this study, we test the impact of a simple message that highlights health during food choice on the healthiness of the foods chosen and on health consideration and intertemporal preferences. Our results show that actively considering health outcomes and lower discount rates lead to healthier food choices. We find that messaging increases the consideration of health outcomes during food choice but does not affect intertemporal preferences, suggesting that simple prompts may be an effective way to promote decisions balancing short- and long-term benefits by drawing attention to the overlooked opportunity costs of choices

Normalization by Evaluation with Typed Abstract Syntax

We present a simple way to implement typed abstract syntax for thelambda calculus in Haskell, using phantom types, and we specify normalization by evaluation (i.e., type-directed partial evaluation) to yield thistyped abstract syntax. Proving that normalization by evaluation preserves types and yields normal forms then reduces to type-checking thespecification

Proximité Conceptuelle et Distances de Graphes

National audienceDans cet article nous donnons un aperçu des applications et des travaux que nous menons autour de la notion de proximité ou distance sémantique