Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Percepções da mulher surda acerca do cuidado no sistema de saúde da gestação ao puerpério

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção da mulher surda acerca do atendimento no sistema de saúde durante o processo de pré-natal, parto e puerpério. Metodologia: Estudo de campo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com nove mulheres surdas que foram acompanhadas nos serviços de saúde durante os períodos citados. A coleta de dados aconteceu por meio de plataforma online, gravada em áudio e vídeo. Para organização das informações, utilizou-se análise temática. Resultados: Os resultados apontam que em todo o ciclo gravídico-puerperal há presença da barreira de comunicação, resultando na falha da promoção do cuidado, onde estas mulheres necessitam de uma terceira pessoa como interlocutor devido a falta de profissionais intérpretes nas instituições de saúde. Conclusão: A falha na acessibilidade para as mulheres surdas durante o atendimento nos serviços de saúde as coloca numa posição de fragilidade, na qual estas tornam-se ainda mais vulneráveis por não receberem o cuidado integral pelos profissionais de saúde

Blood pressure analysis among pregnant women for an early diagnosis of gestational hypertensive syndrome

The objective was to compare the blood pressure (BP) levels of pregnant women, measured in a preparation room of a Family Health Center and verified in the consultation room following the Brazilian Guidelines for Hypertension. This comparative and quantitative study was performed with 94 pregnant women. Data collection was conducted between September and November of 2011 in two phases: the first consisted of collecting BP measurements by the preparation room staff, and observing the technique used for the measurement. The second phase occurred in the consultation room, when the BP was measured once again, following the 6th Brazilian Guidelines for Hypertension. Differences were observed in 87% of the measurements, ranging from - 38 to 28mmHg for systolic BP and – from 26 to 20mmHg for diastolic BP. It is concluded that a significant difference exists between the BP measurements taken in the preparation room and those taken in the consultation room. Descriptors: Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Arterial Pressure; Prenatal Care; Primary Health Care; Nursing Care

Critérios de positividade para cervicografia digital: melhorando a sensibilidade do diagnóstico do câncer cervical Digital cervicography criteria: improving sensitivity in uterine cervical cancer diagnosis

O objetivo deste trabalho foi validar critérios de positividade para cervicografia digital. Estudo realizado com 300 mulheres submetidas a protocolo clínico composto por exame citológico, uma avaliação por meio de cervicografia digital sem ampliação de imagem (Avaliação 1), e outra avaliação também usando cervicografia digital mas com ampliação adicional de imagem e os critérios de positividade propostos neste estudo (Avaliação 2). A idade média das mulheres foi de 27,6 anos. Os critérios de positividade para cervicografia digital foram identificados em 111 casos (100%) dos testes positivos para lesões precursoras do câncer do colo uterino e em 8 casos (2,6%) considerados falso-positivos. As avaliações 1 e 2 classificaram os exames como positivos (163; 54,3%) e suspeitos (146; 48,6%), respectivamente. Os resultados revelam que a cervicografia digital foi mais sensível (99,1%) e a citologia mais específica (100%). O desempenho alcançado pela cervicografia digital, quando aplicado os critérios de positividade, alcançou sensibilidade 4,5 vezes superior ao desempenho da citologia oncológica, além do baixo custo, sugerindo ser uma técnica factível.<br>This study aimed to validate the scoring criteria for digital cervicography. The study enrolled 300 women submitted to a clinical protocol using cytological examination alone, digital cervicography without image magnification (Evaluation 1), and digital cervicography plus additional image magnification and considering the positive criteria (Evaluation 2). Women's mean age was 27.6 years. Positive criteria for digital cervicography were identified in 111 positive cases with pre-cancerous cervical lesions (100%) and in 8 cases classified as false positives (2.6%). Evaluations 1 and 2 classified the tests as positive (163; 54.3%) and suspected (146; 48.6%), respectively. According to the findings, digital cervicography was more sensitive (99.1%) and cytology more specific (100%). Digital cervicography sensitivity increased by 4.5 times when the positive criteria were applied as compared to cytology alone, besides involving low cost, thus suggesting that it is a viable technique

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42·4% vs 44·2%; absolute difference -1·69 [-9·58 to 6·11] p=0·67; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5-8] vs 6 [5-8] cm H2O; p=0·0011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30·5% vs 19·9%; p=0·0004; adjusted effect 16·41% [95% CI 9·52-23·52]; p&lt;0·0001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0·80 [95% CI 0·75-0·86]; p&lt;0·0001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status