El nivel actual de competencia digital docente en los profesores del TecNM/ITSLP

The objective of this work is to determine the level of teaching digital competence (CDD) in professors of the Tecnológico Nacional de México, campus Instituto Tecnológico de San Luis Potosí (TecNM/ITSLP) to detect training needs and the relationship between the level of CDD and the factors of sex, age, educational level and academic department to which they belong. The research has a quantitative approach, the scope is descriptive and cross-sectional design. For data collection, a survey was applied by electronic means, after validation, to a representative sample of 182 teachers from a population of 313, who make up the teaching staff of the ITSLP. The main results obtained show that 45% of the teachers surveyed are at an integrating CDD level; followed by 31% who have an expert level, which means that 76% of the sample have an acceptable level of Digital Skills. Regarding the relationship of sociodemographic factors, gender and academic department to which the professors belong and the level of CDD have a significant association; not so with age, years of work and level of study.El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar el nivel de competencia digital docente (CDD) en profesores del Tecnológico Nacional de México, campus Instituto Tecnológico de San Luis Potosí (TecNM/ITSLP) para detectar las necesidades de capacitación y la relación entre el nivel de CDD y los factores de sexo, edad, nivel educativo y departamento académico al que pertenecen. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, el alcance es descriptivo y diseño transversal. Para la recolección de datos, se aplicó una encuesta por medios electrónicos, previa validación, a una muestra representativa de 182 profesores de una población de 313 que conforman la planta docente del ITSLP. Los principales resultados obtenidos muestran que el 45% de los profesores encuestados, se encuentran en un nivel de CDD integrador; seguido del 31% que presentan un nivel de experto, lo cual significa que el 76% de la muestra, tienen un nivel de Competencia Digital aceptable. Respecto a la relación de los factores sociodemográficos, el sexo y departamento académico al que pertenecen los profesores y el nivel de CDD tienen una asociación significativa; no así con la edad, años de trabajo y nivel de estudio

El problema de la deserción en educación superior y cómo predecirla

The objective of this research was to determine the variables that significantly explain the student dropout rate. And which of them turn out to be predictive when applying the logistic regression technique with the data of the students of the careers of Engineering in Business Management, Industrial Engineering, and Engineering in Computer Systems at the Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de San Luis Potosí.  It is mixed, descriptive, and cross-sectional research. The subjects of study are students from eight cohorts of the abovementioned careers. The study variable (dropout) was analyzed from the following dimensions: academic, socioeconomic, and demographic.  Using the Chi-square test, a significant relationship of each independent variable of the established dimensions was obtained, with the study dependent variable.  The results show that the prediction variables of the studied variable were different for each career.El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las variables que explican significativamente la deserción estudiantil y cuáles de ellas resultan ser predictivas al aplicar la técnica de regresión logística con los datos de los estudiantes de las carreras de Ingeniería en Gestión Empresarial, Ingeniería Industrial e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales en el Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de San Luis Potosí. Se trata de una investigación mixta, descriptiva y transversal. Los sujetos de estudio son estudiantes de ocho cohortes de las carreras mencionada. La variable de estudio (deserción), se analizó desde las siguientes dimensiones: académica, socioeconómica y demográfica. Mediante el Test Chi cuadrado, se obtuvo una relación significativa de cada una de las variables independientes de las dimensiones establecidas, con la variable dependiente de estudio. Los resultados al aplicar la técnica de regresión logística, muestran que las variables de predicción de la variable estudiada fueron diferentes para cada carrera

Caracterización de un modelo de enseñanza del docente de nivel superior

This research focused on the teaching practice of teachers in an institution of higher education, whose recruitment is carried out considering the main requirement professional profile. The purpose was to observe whether there are significant differences between the guiding educational model of the school and the acting model by thirteen indicators that directly impact the teaching and learning process. The research was conducted with a mixed methodology through surveys to teachers and students, records classroom observation and statistical analysis of results. The findings show that the model teachers teaching follows a traditional approach, which differs from the guiding educational model that is desirable into the institution.La presente investigación se enfocó en la práctica docente de los profesores de una institución de Educación Superior, cuya contratación se realiza considerando como requisito principal su perfil profesional. El propósito fue observar si existen diferencias significativas entre el Modelo Educativo rector de la institución y el Modelo actuante, mediante trece indicadores que impactan directamente en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. La investigación se desarrolló con una metodología mixta, a través de encuestas a docentes y estudiantes, registros de observación en el aula y el análisis estadístico de resultados. Los hallazgos encontrados muestran que el modelo de enseñanza de los profesores sigue un enfoque tradicional, que difiere del Modelo Educativo rector que se aspira en la institución

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research