Data Validation and reconstruction for performance enhancement and maintenance of water networks

In a real water network, a telecontrol system must periodically acquire, store and validate data gathered by sensor measurements in order to achieve accurate monitoring of the whole network in real time. For each sensor measurement, data are usually represented by one-dimensional time series. These values, known as raw data, need to be validated before further use to assure the reliability of the results obtained when using them. In real operation, problems affecting the communication system, lack of reliability of sensors, or other inherent errors often arise, generating missing or false data during certain periods of time. These wrong data must be detected and replaced by estimated data. Thus, it is important to provide the data system with procedures that can detect such problems and assist the user in monitoring and processing the incoming data. Data validation is an essential step to improve data reliability. The validated data represent measurements of the variables in the required form where unnecessary information from raw data has been removed. In this paper, a methodology for data validation and reconstruction of sensor data in a water network is used to analyze the performance of the sectors of a water network. Finally, from this analysis several indicators of the components (sensors, actuators and pipes) and of the sectors themselves can be derived in order to organize useful plans for performance enhancement and maintenance. Nice practices have been developed during a large period in the water network of the company ATLL Concessionària de la Generalitat de Catalunya, S.A.Postprint (author's final draft

An improved tool of water data analytics for flowmeters data

This paper presents an improved tool for data validation and reconstruction of flowmeters. These sensors are installed in the Catalonia regional water network from Barcelona (Spain). Here a new time series model with exogenous variable is proposed with excellent results for data validation. It is postulated that the integration of the electronics alarms, along with other tests about the daily data accumulated and a later analysis of the data reconstruction allow to improve the results of the existing tools. This is accomplished by decreasing the false alarms and missing alarms of more than 6000 hourly data retrieved from more than 200 flowmeters each day. This new tool provides reliable information daily reliable information of the state of the water network. This information could potentially contribute to optimally control and manage this large and complex water network.Postprint (published version

Metodología de análisis y reconstrucción de datos para caudalimetros

ATLL opera una red de distribución incluida dentro de los Sistemas de Infraestructuras Críticas. Estos sistemas son complejos de gran escala, distribuidos geográficamente y descentralizados con una estructura jerárquica, que requieren sistemas de control en tiempo real altamente sofisticados que garanticen un alto rendimiento y mantenimiento cuando las condiciones no son favorables debido, por ejemplo, a mal funcionamiento de los sensores (averías, problemas de baterías, problemas de comunicación, etc.). La fiabilidad de la información es la base para tomar decisiones que optimicen el gasto de energía y reduzcan las pérdidas de agua al tiempo que garanticen un suministro adecuado a los consumidores en cantidad y calidad a pesar de las demandas cambiantes. El objetivo principal de esta metodología es validar los datos brutos de los sensores (en este caso caudalímetros) y, si los datos no son consistentes, intente estimarlos para reconstruirlos manteniendo un sistema de base de datos fiable, segura y completa. Este procedimiento permite tratar, filtrar, depurar y completar todos los datos brutos recibidos y transformarlos en información útil; primero, como diagnóstico de anomalías y, finalmente, para controlar y gestionar de manera óptima el sistema de distribución de agua.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Knowledge extraction from raw data in water networks: application to the Barcelona supramunicipal water transport network

Critical Infrastructure Systems (CIS) such as the case of potable water transport network are complex large-scale systems, geographically distributed and decentralized with a hierarchical structure, requiring highly sophisticated supervisory and real-time control (RTC) schemes to ensure high performance achievement and maintenance when conditions are non-favorable due to e.g. sensor malfunctions (drifts, offsets, problems of batteries, communications problems,...). Once the data are reliable, a process to transform these validated data into useful information and knowledge is key for the operating plan in real time (RTC). And moreover, but no less important, it allows extracting useful knowledge about the assets and instrumentation (sectors of pipes and reservoirs, flowmeters, level sensors, ...) of the network for short, medium and large term management plans. In this work, an overall analysis of the results of the application of a methodology for sensor data validation/reconstruction to the ATLL water network in the city of Barcelona and the surrounding metropolitan area since 2008 until 2013 is described. This methodology is very important for assessing the economic and hydraulic efficiency of the network.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Metodología de análisis y reconstrucción de datos para caudalimetros

ATLL opera una red de distribución incluida dentro de los Sistemas de Infraestructuras Críticas. Estos sistemas son complejos de gran escala, distribuidos geográficamente y descentralizados con una estructura jerárquica, que requieren sistemas de control en tiempo real altamente sofisticados que garanticen un alto rendimiento y mantenimiento cuando las condiciones no son favorables debido, por ejemplo, a mal funcionamiento de los sensores (averías, problemas de baterías, problemas de comunicación, etc.). La fiabilidad de la información es la base para tomar decisiones que optimicen el gasto de energía y reduzcan las pérdidas de agua al tiempo que garanticen un suministro adecuado a los consumidores en cantidad y calidad a pesar de las demandas cambiantes. El objetivo principal de esta metodología es validar los datos brutos de los sensores (en este caso caudalímetros) y, si los datos no son consistentes, intente estimarlos para reconstruirlos manteniendo un sistema de base de datos fiable, segura y completa. Este procedimiento permite tratar, filtrar, depurar y completar todos los datos brutos recibidos y transformarlos en información útil; primero, como diagnóstico de anomalías y, finalmente, para controlar y gestionar de manera óptima el sistema de distribución de agua.Peer Reviewe

Metodología de análisis y reconstrucción de datos para caudalimetros

ATLL opera una red de distribución incluida dentro de los Sistemas de Infraestructuras Críticas. Estos sistemas son complejos de gran escala, distribuidos geográficamente y descentralizados con una estructura jerárquica, que requieren sistemas de control en tiempo real altamente sofisticados que garanticen un alto rendimiento y mantenimiento cuando las condiciones no son favorables debido, por ejemplo, a mal funcionamiento de los sensores (averías, problemas de baterías, problemas de comunicación, etc.). La fiabilidad de la información es la base para tomar decisiones que optimicen el gasto de energía y reduzcan las pérdidas de agua al tiempo que garanticen un suministro adecuado a los consumidores en cantidad y calidad a pesar de las demandas cambiantes. El objetivo principal de esta metodología es validar los datos brutos de los sensores (en este caso caudalímetros) y, si los datos no son consistentes, intente estimarlos para reconstruirlos manteniendo un sistema de base de datos fiable, segura y completa. Este procedimiento permite tratar, filtrar, depurar y completar todos los datos brutos recibidos y transformarlos en información útil; primero, como diagnóstico de anomalías y, finalmente, para controlar y gestionar de manera óptima el sistema de distribución de agua.Peer Reviewe

Data Validation and reconstruction for performance enhancement and maintenance of water networks

In a real water network, a telecontrol system must periodically acquire, store and validate data gathered by sensor measurements in order to achieve accurate monitoring of the whole network in real time. For each sensor measurement, data are usually represented by one-dimensional time series. These values, known as raw data, need to be validated before further use to assure the reliability of the results obtained when using them. In real operation, problems affecting the communication system, lack of reliability of sensors, or other inherent errors often arise, generating missing or false data during certain periods of time. These wrong data must be detected and replaced by estimated data. Thus, it is important to provide the data system with procedures that can detect such problems and assist the user in monitoring and processing the incoming data. Data validation is an essential step to improve data reliability. The validated data represent measurements of the variables in the required form where unnecessary information from raw data has been removed. In this paper, a methodology for data validation and reconstruction of sensor data in a water network is used to analyze the performance of the sectors of a water network. Finally, from this analysis several indicators of the components (sensors, actuators and pipes) and of the sectors themselves can be derived in order to organize useful plans for performance enhancement and maintenance. Nice practices have been developed during a large period in the water network of the company ATLL Concessionària de la Generalitat de Catalunya, S.A

An improved tool of water data analytics for flowmeters data

This paper presents an improved tool for data validation and reconstruction of flowmeters. These sensors are installed in the Catalonia regional water network from Barcelona (Spain). Here a new time series model with exogenous variable is proposed with excellent results for data validation. It is postulated that the integration of the electronics alarms, along with other tests about the daily data accumulated and a later analysis of the data reconstruction allow to improve the results of the existing tools. This is accomplished by decreasing the false alarms and missing alarms of more than 6000 hourly data retrieved from more than 200 flowmeters each day. This new tool provides reliable information daily reliable information of the state of the water network. This information could potentially contribute to optimally control and manage this large and complex water network

Adrenergic and ischaemic challenge on the activities of lipid metabolising enzymes in the perfused rat heart

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D56220/85 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Electric field phenomena in biological systems

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:4565.249(IOP-SMS--21) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo