Predicting temporary wetland plant community responses to changes in the hydroperiod

The expected changes on rainfall in the next decades may cause significant changes of the hydroperiod of temporary wetlands and, consequently, shifts on plant community distributions. Predicting plant community responses to changes in the hydroperiod is a key issue for conservation and management of temporary wetlands. We present a predictive distribution model for Arthrocnemum macrostachyum communities in the Doñana wetland (Southern Spain). Logistic regression was used to fit the model using the number of days of inundation and the mean water height as predictors. The internal validation of the model yielded good performance measures. The model was applied to a set of expected scenarios of changes in the hydroperiod to anticipate the most likely shifts in the distribution of Arthrocnemum macrostachyum communities

A Precise Electrical Disturbance Generator for Neural Network Training with Real Level Output

Power Quality is defined as the study of the quality of electric power lines. The detection and classification of the different disturbances which cause power quality problems is a difficult task which requires a high level of engineering expertise. Thus, neural networks are usually a good choice for the detection and classification of these disturbances. This paper describes a powerful tool, developed by the Institute for Natural Resources and Agrobiology at the Scientific Research Council (CSIC) and the Electronic Technology Department at the University of Seville, which generates electrical patterns of disturbances for the training of neural networks for PQ tasks. This system has been expanded to other applications (as comparative test between PQ meters, or test of effects of power-line disturbances on equipment) through the addition of a specifically developed high fidelity power amplifier, which allows the generation of disturbed signals at real levels.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología DPI2006-15467-C02-0

VICARED: A Neural Network Based System for the Detection of Electrical Disturbances in Real Time

The study of the quality of electric power lines is usually known as Power Quality. Power quality problems are increasingly due to a proliferation of equipment that is sensitive and polluting at the same time. The detection and classification of the different disturbances which cause power quality problems is a difficult task which requires a high level of engineering knowledge. Thus, neural networks are usually a good choice for the detection and classification of these disturbances. This paper describes a powerful system for detection of electrical disturbances by means of neural networks

OLIMPO, An Ad-Hoc Wireless Sensor Network Simulator for Public Utilities Applications

This paper introduces OLIMPO, an useful simulation tool for researchers who are developing wireless sensor communication protocols. OLIMPO is a discreteevent simulator design to be easily recon gured by the user, providing a way to design, develop and test communication protocols. In particular, we have designed a self-organizing wireless sensor network for low data rate. Our premise is that, due to their inherent spread location over large areas, wireless sensor networks are well-suited for SCADA applications, which require relatively simple control and monitoring. To show the facilities of our simulator, we have studied our network protocol with OLIMPO, developing several simulations. The purpose of these simulations is to demonstrate, quantitatively, the capability of our network to support this kind of applications

Aplicación de SFM-MVS con precisión mejorada para la restitución fotogramétrica y comparacion de las imágenes aéreas de archivo pre y post erupción en Isla Decepción (Shetland Del Sur, Antártida)

[EN] Despite today's extensive remote sensing imagery with all kinds of sensors, the use of old aerial imagery is still importantin the study of slowly evolving land processes to reconstruct past landscape forms. Numerous organisations sharephotogrammetric data in public repositories, offering opportunities to exploit them to identify historical, natural andanthropogenic topographic changes, which is particularly interesting if they are difficult to access areas, possibly affectedsince historic times by climate change and other geodynamic processes. This work proposes and applies a workflow basedon the SfM-MVS photogrammetric technique to 22 and 33 historical aerial photographs of the English FIDASE (1956/57)and Argentinean Navy (1968) flights, scanned at 1016dpi and 96dpi, black and white, of Deception Island (South Shetland,Antarctica). The photogrammetric processing controls the threshold values of the reconstruction uncertainties andprojection accuracy. The 3D point clouds obtained are geroreferenced with 37 ground control points (GCP) geographicallypositioned in a QuickBird2 satellite image over island areas not affected by volcanism. The quality of the DTM is controlledby comparison with the 1960 topographic map 1:25000 of the island, which allows the volumes of material emitted in thevolcanic eruption of 1967 to be evaluated. The results obtained improve considerably and extend the set of resultscompared to those obtained by classical contour line digitizing. The applied method, the DTM and orthomosaic of 1956and 1968 presented will allow us to evaluate, together with the analysis applied to later historical flights, English 1979 andChilean 1986, the recent changes produced by the recent volcanism, the local external geodynamics, the possible climaticdeterioration and the scope of current human activity from 1956 to the present day.[ES] A pesar de la actualmente minuciosa toma de imágenes con sensores de todo tipo, la utilización de antiguas imágenes aéreas sigue siendo importante en el estudio de procesos del terreno de evolución lenta para reconstruir las formas pasadas del paisaje. Numerosas administraciones comparten los datos fotogramétricos en depósitos públicos, ofreciendo oportunidades para explotarlos y detectar cambios topográficos históricos naturales y antropogénicos, lo cual resulta ser de mayor interés si son zonas de difícil acceso, posiblemente afectadas desde tiempos pretéritos por el cambio climático y otros procesos geodinámicos. Este trabajo, propone y aplica un flujo de trabajo basado en la técnica fotogramétrica SfMMVS a 22 y 33 fotos aéreas históricas de los vuelos inglés FIDASE (1956/57) y de la Armada Argentina (1968), escaneadas a 1016ppp y 96ppp, en blanco y negro, de la Isla Decepción (Shetland del Sur, Antártida). El procesado fotogramétrico controla los valores umbral de las incertidumbres de la reconstrucción y precisiones de proyección. Las nubes de puntos 3D obtenidas son gerorreferenciadas con 37 puntos de control terrestre (GCP) geográficamente posicionados en una imagen QuickBird2 sobre zonas no afectadas por vulcanismo. La calidad de los MDE se controla comparándolo con el mapa topográfico 1:25000 de la Isla lo que permite evaluar los volúmenes de material emitido en la erupción volcánica de 1967. Los resultados obtenidos mejoran notablemente y extienden el conjunto de resultados frente los obtenidos por digitalización clásica de las curvas de nivel. El método aplicado, los MDE y ortomosaico de 1956 y 1968 presentados permitirán evaluar, junto con el análisis aplicado a vuelos históricos posteriores, inglés de 1979 y chileno de 1986, los cambios recientes producidos por el volcanismo reciente, la geodinámica externa local, el posible deterioro climático y ámbito de afección de la actividad humana actual desde 1956 hasta la actualidad.This work has been developed within the Project "Auscultación de procesos activos sobre la ladera y la costa acantilada del entorno próximo de la Base Antártica Española Gabriel de Castilla" of the INTA - Ejército de Tierra financed by the Ministry of Defence and collaboration with UPM. The authors are grateful for the support received from the BGC staff, the Antarctic Campaign Office and the Logistics Division of the Army General Staff, the Hydrographic Institute of the Navy (IHM), Spanish Polar Committee (CPE), and Universities.Paredes, C.; De La Vega-Panizo, R.; Ropero, M. (2021). Application of improved accuracy SFM-MVS for photogrammetric restitution and comparison of pre- and post-eruption archival aerial imagery on Deception Island (South Shetland, Antarctica). En Proceedings 3rd Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 15-25. https://doi.org/10.4995/CiGeo2021.2021.12755152

Identificación de herramientas TIC para apoyar la inclusión de personas en condición de extrema pobreza

La investigación tiene como propósito identificar las herramientas TIC que han sido desarrolladas para brindar acceso a la información y a la comunicación a las personas que por factores económicos no pueden acceder a las mismas, se realizó un análisis del tema a investigar, construyendo para ello un marco conceptual, posteriormente, se siguió una metodología de revisión sistemática de literatura donde se plantea una ecuación de búsqueda, luego se filtraron los resúmenes arrojados, obteniendo así los relacionados con la pregunta de investigación para pasar a buscar los documentos completos y hacer la identificación de las herramientas que se evidencian en estos, finalmente, se construyen gráficas y tablas de resultados para posteriormente explicarlos y señalar cuales son las herramientas disponibles y en qué tipo de proyectos se están implementando. El surgimiento de un nuevo modelo de sociedad conlleva a que los diferentes países, comenzando con los industrializados, pongan en sus agendas el impulsar la sociedad de la información -SI como una estrategia para el desarrollo, el progreso y la prosperidad. Por el difícil acceso que tienen las personas en condiciones de extrema pobreza a las TIC se genera un obstáculo en el crecimiento productivo y el desarrollo económico y social. En este sentido, es importante que todas las personas, independientemente de su situación, hagan parte de dicha sociedad

Habitat suitability models for species selection in ecological restoration: an application to legume shrubs selection for roadside revegetation

Shrub planting is a common practice in ecological restoration and is commonly used for roadside management for controlling soli erosion, for reducing headlight glare and for absorbing the energy of errant vehicles. As in any planting activity, an adequate species selection is required to avoid high mortality rates in ecological restorations. Habitat suitability models predict species presence likelihood as a function of environmental variables and may support species selection pointing the species more suitable for the habitat to be restored. Habitat distribution models for legume shrub species in Spain were fitted and validated using presence/absence data from the Spanish Forest Map. A logistic regression strategy was used to predict species presence based on climatic and lithologic variables. Model outputs were used to develop a shrub planting plan for the roadsides of a set of highways in Spai

HispaVeg: a new online vegetation plot database for Spain

We describe a new online database, named HispaVeg, which currently holds data from 2663 vegetation plots of Spanish woodlands, scrublands and grasslands. Unlike other similar databases, a detailed description of the structure is stored with the floristic data of each plot (i.e., number and physiognomy of the vertical layers, cover values for each layer).Most of the vegetation plots are large rectangles (400 to 2000 square meters) with an average of 34 species per plot. The survey dates range from 1956 to present, with most of the records between 1964 and 1994. The elevation of the plots ranges from 0 to 2880, with most of the plots between 300 and 1500 m. HispaVeg is freely available to the scientific community. Users can query the online database, view printable reports for each plot and download spreadsheet-like raw data for subsets of vegetation plots

A Method for the Access to the Contents in a Set of Knowledge Using a Fuzzy Logic Based Intelligent Agent

This paper proposes a method for the classification of the contents in a set of knowledge in order to answer to user consultations using natural language. The system is based on a fuzzy logic engine, which takes advantage of its flexibility for managing sets of accumulated knowledge. These sets can be built in hierarchic levels by a tree structure. A method of consultation based on a fuzzy logic application provided with an interface that one may interact with in natural language is also proposed. The eventual aim of this system is the implementation of an intelligent agent to manage the information contained in an internet portalMinisterio de Educación y Ciencia DPI2006-15467-C02-0