Characterizing demand for domestic versus imported chicken in developing countries: the case of Haiti and Cameroon

[Paper in French] Since the beginning of 2000s, imports of frozen pieces of chicken from the European Union or Brazil have considerably increased in several African and Caribbean developing countries, competing with local chicken meat. Obviously, imported chicken has replaced domestic one in households’ consumption. The level of substitution between imported chicken and the several domestic chicken types is not specifically known. In order to focus on this point, investigations have been done in 2005 in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and in 2006 in Port-au-Prince (Haiti). Because of a lack of available statistical data, we surveyed 180 urban households in each country, showing that imported frozen pieces of chicken have widely substituted for the local chicken which has already quite disappeared in Port-au-Prince, but is still appreciated by Yaoundé consumers. This article aims to assess the impacts, on such an evolution of i) socio-economic features of consumers and ii) of chicken consumption habits of households. Without data on income, and to deal with a large number of qualitative variables, we implemented multiple correspondence analyses to build asset indexes usable in our econometric regressions.Chicken, urban consumption, developing countries, household’s characteristics, Cameroon, Haiti

Nuisible ou gibier ? Une analyse économique de la chasse des grands animaux en France

(article en français) Increasing populations of big game in France, including wild boar, has resulted in an increase in collective damages. However, this species is not only regarded as harmful as it is valued by the practice of hunting. The article aims to characterize the social optimum by engaging natural resource economics. The optimum density of game populations is defined from a bio-economic model that takes into account all the costs and profits relating to hunting and the presence of game. It is compared to that corresponding to the hunters’ optimum and to the “tragedy of the commons”. The analytical framework allows an economic interpretation of the evolution of hunting in France and of the institutional and legislative context, while focusing on issues of property rights and externalities. The model developed is then used to discuss game management policies and recommendations on economic tools for these policies.bio-economic modeling, management, game, hunting, damages

La gestion du sanglier : modèle bioéconomique, dégâts agricoles et prix des chasses en forêt domaniale

[paper in French] Wild-boar can be considered both as a resource and as a pest. It causes collective damages and is also valued resource for recreative activity as hunting. The paper treats the economy of controlling a hunting game. A bio-economic model is presented and used for the analysis. The optimal population of big game is the one minimizing the present value of the hunter willingness to pay less agricultural damages with an infinite time horizon. We take into consideration the loss of the hunter welfare from a decrease in game population. For the empirical analysis, we used data on agricultural damages caused by wild-boar in order to reconstruct their population dynamics. Hunter marginal implicit prices for game hunting were estimated using the hedonic price method on a sample of hunting lease prices in eastern French forests. The long term equilibrium solutions can provide elements for optimal control strategies of wild-boarbio-economic model, management, hunting, agricultural damages, hedonic approach

Sondeo arqueológico Cueva Pintada sector 40,41 [Material gráfico]

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 201

Multifunctionnality: sea fishing, shellfish culture activities and durability

Evaluation SMART - Auteur hors unité au moment de la publicationIn the context where striking a balance between safeguarding the resource, rationalisation of economic activity and maintenance of social objectives is more and more difficult, the asseftion of a multifunctionality of sea fishing and shellfish culture would also have, as for agriculture, to allow the continued existence of a significant uumber of entelprises because of the generated complementary incomes and finaucitrg of non commercial services ensuled within this framework. As in agriculture, specific measul'es would make it possible to genelate new activities in order to make them economically viable in the medium term in particular irnprovement of methods of fishing, diversification of the activities arrd enhancement of sea food products

La maîtrise des invasions biologiques : un modèle bio-économigue appliqué à la jussie

Diffusion du document : INRA Station d'Economie et Sociologie rurales 65 rue de Saint-Brieuc 35042 Rennes Cedex (FRA)La prolifération d'espèces invasives non indigènes soulève des problèmes écologiques et économiques très importants, dans la plupart des continents et pays du monde. Il peut s'agir d'espèces animales ou végétales,terrestres ou aquatiques. Les invasions biologiques sont à l'origine de la dégradation des écosystèmes et des fluxde services écologiques : modification de la biodiversité et des habitats en liaison avec la compétition entreespèces, altération de la qualité de l'eau et modification du régime des eaux, dans le cas d'espèces aquatiques,etc.. A ces altérations des écosystèmes correspondent des dommages économiques imposés aux activitéshumaines ayant pour support les actifs naturels subissant ces perturbations

Nuisible ou gibier ? Une analyse économique de la chasse des grands animaux en France

Increasing populations of big game in France, including wild boar, has resulted in an increase in collective damages. However, this species is not only regarded as harmful as it is valued by the practice of hunting. The article aims to characterize the social optimum by engaging natural resource economics. The optimum density of game populations is defined from a bio-economic model that takes into account all the costs and profits relating to hunting and the presence of game. It is compared to that corresponding to the hunters’ optimum and to the “tragedy of the commons”. The analytical framework allows an economic interpretation of the evolution of hunting in France and of the institutional and legislative context, while focusing on issues of property rights and externalities. The model developed is then used to discuss game management policies and recommendations on economic tools for these policies

Sustainable harvest of a native species and control of an invasive species : a bioeconomic model of a commercial fishery invaded by a space competitor

This paper deals with the control of an invasive species, void of market value, and acting as a space competitor for a valuable native harvested species. It presents a theoretical bioeconomic model describing the interacting dynamics of the two species and accounting for the undesirable consequences of native stock harvesters’ behaviour on the spread of invasion. Dynamic optimisation of the model displays the existence of a time-path leading to an optimal stationary steady-state solution. Then, the optimal control model is applied to the bay of Saint-Brieuc scallop fishery (France)

Impact of private labels and promotion on ecolabeled food

We use revealed preference to determine consumers’ preferences for organic and fair trade food products. We especially focus on the impact of private labels and promotion on organic milk, organic eggs and fair trade coffee demands. Expenditure elasticities show organic milk, privete-labeled eggs and national brand fair trade coffee are necessity goods while national brand eggs and private-labeled fair trade coffee are normal goods. We find demand for national brand organic milk is considerably elastic while demands for all other ecolabeled goods are inelastic. Cross-price elasticities show that national brand organic and fair trade goods are substitutes to their conventional counterparts while national brand ecolabeled goods are complements to private-labeled conventional counterpart. Finally, promotion for organic products has a positive impact on private-labeled organic product demand while promotion for fair trade products has a positive impact on national brand fair trade coffee