A many-analysts approach to the relation between religiosity and well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N=10,535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β=0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β=0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

A Many-analysts Approach to the Relation Between Religiosity and Well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N = 10, 535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β = 0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β = 0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

Macroevolution and climate change influence phylogenetic community assembly of North American hoofed mammals

Animal richness, community composition, and phylogenetic community structure (PCS) vary across the modern landscape. Animal communities vary from phylogenetically clustered (i.e. higher relatedness amongst co-occurring species than is expected by chance) to phylogenetically even (i.e. co-occurring taxa are more distantly related than expected by chance), which is explained by abiotic or climatic filtering and competitive exclusion, respectively. Under this model, the contribution of historical origination and extinction events to modern animal PCS remains relatively unknown. Because origination and extinction determine the make-up of the terrestrial community, the study of historical changes in animal PCS is tantamount to understanding formation of modern communities. In the present study, we test the effects of macroevolution and climate changes on 'hoofed mammals' (i.e. perissodactyl and artiodactyl) PCS from the late Cenozoic of North America because they experience large, phylogenetically dispersed extinctions of browsing species and phylogenetically dispersed originations of grazing species associated with the evolution of grassland ecosystems during the late Miocene. We show that the loss of numerically dominant nonhypsodont (putatively browsing and mixed feeding) clades and phylogenetically dispersed origination of less speciose clades following the mid Miocene climatic optimum led to an increase in phylogenetic evenness at the regional scale that is well explained by global climate changes. Phylogenetic evenness and a reduced richness during the late Cenozoic may have facilitated reduced niche overlap a

Platinum Nanoparticles on Sintered Metal Fibers Are Efficient Structured Catalysts in Partial Methane Oxidation into Synthesis Gas

Efficient structured catalysts of partial methane oxidation into synthesis gas were obtained by electrochemical modification of the surface of sintered FeCrAl alloy fibers in an ionic liquid BMIM-NTf, with further introduction of platinum nanoparticles. It was shown that etching and electrochemical modification of sintered FeCrAl alloy fibers result in a decrease of the surface aluminum content. With an increase of the reaction temperature to 900 degrees C, the methane conversion reaches 90% and the selectivity to CO increases significantly to achieve 98%. The catalysts with a Pt loading of 1 X 10(-4) wt % demonstrate high activity and selectivity as well as TOF in synthesis gas production by the CH4 + O-2 reaction at 850-900 degrees C. To trace the composition and structure evolution of the catalysts, XRD and SEM methods were used

Summary of sampled North American Land Mammal Age (NALMA) subdivisions.

<p>Summary of sampled North American Land Mammal Age (NALMA) subdivisions.</p

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_whiskey-jack__Cent_ gray jay; Canada jay (_Perisoreus canaddenses_.) _NID_ ~ Fr Cree wiskatjen: Canada jay _DAE_ 1839 ([INC]) - _DC_ ~ (1743-) whiskeyjohn (1772-) _OED_ (1772 - Don't think we can add much.canada jay_Withdraw_? [check]Not usedNot usedWithdraw

Focus on Fuel Quality: Removal of Sulfur‑, Nitrogen‑, and Oxygen-Containing Aromatic Compounds by Extraction from Hydrocarbons into the Regenerable Ionic Liquid

Extraction of S-, N-, and O-containing aromatic compounds from hydrocarbons modeling fuels was studied using an ionic liquid {1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis­(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)­imide ([BMIM]­[NTf₂])} doped with metal complexes (Ag, Cu, Co, and V). The silver additives were shown to be most efficient. Water was found to be an inert agent that did not deteriorate the efficiency of the extraction. This approach was considered as a method of removal of sulfur and nitrogen compounds present in oil products (gasoline and diesel fuels)

X-ray structure determination, absolute configuration and biological activity of phomoxanthone A

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