A Comparative Study of Heat Transfer Coefficients for Film Condensation

Film condensation heat transfer has wide applications in a variety of industrial systems. A number of film condensation heat transfer correlations (FCHTCs) have been proposed. However, their predictions are often inconsistent. This paper presents a comparative study of existing FCHTCs. Totally 1214 experimental data points are obtained from 10 published papers, and 14 FCHTCs are reviewed, among which four correlations are used for horizontal flow outside smooth tubes, three for flow on vertical surfaces of plates or tubes, two for flow inside smooth tubes either vertically or horizontally, and five for horizontal flow inside smooth tubes. 13 FCHTCs are compared with the experimental data. There are three FCHTCs for horizontal flow inside smooth tubes having a mean absolute relative deviation (MARD) less than 26%, among which the best one has an MARD of 22.2%. More efforts should be made to develop better correlations.Key words: Correlation; Heat transfer; Film; Condensatio

Empirical Research of Fans Consumption in Talent Show Economy of China

In recent years, with the continuous development of China's draft industry, Internet drafts have become common throughout China. The talent show industry has not only won the love of the audience, but also the attention of capital. A lot of capital began to invest in the talent show industry to cultivate new popular idols. Through social media platforms, fans can purchase products recommended by idols and vote for idols to increase their ranking. Idols also gain more popularity and sell more endorsed products through interaction with fans. This article starts with the talent economy, through questionnaire surveys and empirical methods, explores the factors that affect fans' consumption on idols. Diversified participation, idol abilities, social influence and empathy have been proved to have positive impacts on fans’ intention to consuming. This research provides detailed empirical research conclusions for China's talent show market, which has a strong role in promoting the sustainable development of the talent show economy

Parameter and Computation Efficient Transfer Learning for Vision-Language Pre-trained Models

With ever increasing parameters and computation, vision-language pre-trained (VLP) models exhibit prohibitive expenditure in downstream task adaption. Recent endeavors mainly focus on parameter efficient transfer learning (PETL) for VLP models by only updating a small number of parameters. However, excessive computational overhead still plagues the application of VLPs. In this paper, we aim at parameter and computation efficient transfer learning (PCETL) for VLP models. In particular, PCETL not only needs to limit the number of trainable parameters in VLP models, but also to reduce the computational redundancy during inference, thus enabling a more efficient transfer. To approach this target, we propose a novel dynamic architecture skipping (DAS) approach towards effective PCETL. Instead of directly optimizing the intrinsic architectures of VLP models, DAS first observes the significances of their modules to downstream tasks via a reinforcement learning (RL) based process, and then skips the redundant ones with lightweight networks, i.e., adapters, according to the obtained rewards. In this case, the VLP model can well maintain the scale of trainable parameters while speeding up its inference on downstream tasks. To validate DAS, we apply it to two representative VLP models, namely ViLT and METER, and conduct extensive experiments on a bunch of VL tasks. The experimental results not only show the great advantages of DAS in reducing computational complexity, e.g. -11.97% FLOPs of METER on VQA2.0, but also confirm its competitiveness against existing PETL methods in terms of parameter scale and performance. Our source code is given in our appendix

Cyclic formation and stabilization of Archean lithosphere by accretionary orogenesis : constraints from TTG and potassic granitoids, North China Craton

This study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41502179, 41530207, 41472165) and Central University Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses of China University of Geosciences (Beijing) (Grant No. 2652015038). PAC acknowledges support from Australian Research Council grant FL160100168.Accretionary orogens are major sites of modern continental growth, yet their role in the development of Archean continental crust remains enigmatic. Diverse granitoid suites from tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) to potassic granitoids appeared during late Archean, representing a period of major continental formation and stabilization. In this study, whole-rock geochemical and zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic data are reported for Neoarchean granitoid gneisses from the Northern Liaoning Terrane, northeastern North China Craton (NCC). Older granitoid gneisses (~2592-2537 Ma) define three magmatic zones migrating from southeast to northwest, each showing a common magmatic evolution from high-pressure TTGs to medium-/low-pressure TTGs and potassic granitoids. They have depleted zircon ƐHf(t) of +0.5 to +8.7. Younger ~2529-2503 Ma potassic granitoids and TTGs occur throughout the terrane, which are marked by variable zircon ƐHf(t) of -4.7 to +8.1, and are coeval with regional high grade metamorphism. Petrogenetic modeling and changing Sr/Y and (La/Yb)N of the granitoids suggest that the crust experienced episodic thickening and thinning, and became progressively evolved through development of potassic granitoids and sedimentary successions. The metavolcanic basement to the granitoids display tholeiitic to calc-alkaline affinities, together with the top-to-the-northwest thrusting and associated VMS-type Cu-Zn deposits, suggesting cyclic crustal formation of Northern Liaoning within an accretionary orogen with a SE-dipping subduction polarity. Cyclic crustal thickening and thinning is related to tectonic switching from advancing to retreating relations between the downgoing and overriding plate. After ~2530 Ma, this accretionary system accreted to the ancient continental nucleus of NCC (Anshan-Benxi Terrane), signifying final lithosphere stabilization.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe