Board independence, CEO tenure, and private firm performance in Nairobi, Kenya

Governing board members includes a mix of non-executive and executive members who seek the best interests of shareholders. Non-executive board members relay on independence to execute their responsibilities and enables better firms’ performance. The independent board members are vetted in by shareholders to reduce agency problems. The study aims to establish how Chief executive officer tenure influence independent board members on decision making to enhance firm performance. Agency theory and stewardship theory were utilized in the study. The explanatory research design was used 371 private firms were the sample size. Data was collected using structured questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression models were used to test for direct effect and moderation effect. According to the findings, board member independence is critical for monitoring the CEO and reducing principal-agent conflict, hence enhancing business performance. The independence of board members is critical for organizations to remain inventive and competitive in order to improve firm performance

Blockchain-driven dual-channel green supply chain game model considering government subsidies

In order to improve the performance of green supply chain and promote the adoption of blockchain, this paper establishes a dual-channel green supply chain consisting of a green manufacturer and a retailer, and builds Stackelberg game model considering different scenarios. We analyze the impact of blockchain operating costs and consumer uncertainty about the product greenness. Furthermore, we study the government subsidy for manufacturers' green costs and its impact on supply chain performance and blockchain adoption. Findings reveal that without blockchain technology, government subsidy can improve manufacturers' and retailers' profits. However, when blockchain is adopted, the subsidy effect depends on the blockchain operating costs. In case of higher blockchain operating cost, the product prices and greenness decrease as the green cost subsidies increase; In case of lower blockchain operating cost, the increase in green cost subsidies will lead to increased product prices and greenness; Green cost subsidies can raise profits and lower the blockchain adoption threshold

Sustainable business practice and going concern of selected listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria

Sustainability has become a crucial aspect of modern business, extending beyond corporate social responsibility to form an integral part of organizational strategies. This study investigated how sustainable business practices impact the going concern of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria, focusing on stakeholder inclusiveness, dynamic workplace, and community engagement. The research used an ex-post facto research design, analyzing data from 60 consumer and industrial goods manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian exchange group as of December 31, 2021. The findings indicated that stakeholder inclusiveness, a dynamic workplace, and community engagement positively and significantly influence the net asset per share of these listed manufacturing companies. In other words, incorporating sustainable business practices can enhance the companies' long-term financial stability and operational continuity. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the potential of sustainable business practices to shape the going concern status of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria when effectively implemented. It suggests that manufacturing companies should develop and implement a well-balanced sustainability strategy that integrates community engagement, shareholder inclusiveness, and the creation of dynamic workplaces with their core business objectives

Investigating the effects of logistics management on organizational performance: New evidence from the manufacturing industry

The goal of this study is to determine how logistics management affects the organizational performance of ten Ghanaian roofing sheet manufacturing companies. To analyze the influence of logistics management on organizational outcome, the researchers employed multiple linear regression. The findings showed that the aspects of logistics management that have a beneficial impact on organizational performance include inventory management, physical distribution, and warehouse management. Logistics plays an important role in supporting organizations as they strive for more efficient management systems. Better implementation of inventory management, transportation management, physical distribution, and warehousing management procedures in logistics management will help manufacturing firms to improve their performance

Examining the contribution of fiscal policy on economic growth: Analytical insights from Pakistan

To better understand the influence of fiscal policy (FP) on economic growth (EG) in Pakistan, this study investigates the importance of the amount of output produced by different factors of production in Pakistan's economy. The annual time series data has been collected from the State Bank of Pakistan and World Bank Data-Base from the years (2001-2020). The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is used for empirical research to assess the significant factors of EG, and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test is used to ensure that all of the variables are stationary. Using annual time series data from 2001 to 2020. Based on these findings, this study recommends adopting a proactive fiscal policy framework that incorporates expansionary measures. We argue that this strategy has the capacity to stimulate and maintain Pakistan's economic growth path, thereby fostering a more promising and prosperous future. Moreover, the study found the impact of government expenditures (GE), gross fixed capital creation (GFCC), and direct and indirect taxes on Gross domestic Product (GDP). Additionally, findings showed that government expenditures, gross fixed capital creation, indirect, and direct taxes have a strong effect on economic growth. It is argued that an expansionary fiscal policy in the future could greatly benefit Pakistan's economic growth

The impact of financial inclusion on economic growth in developing countries

This study analyzes the impact of financial inclusion on economic growth in 104 developing countries from 2004–2019. We construct a novel composite financial inclusion index and apply the dynamic panel estimation technique to examine the impact of financial inclusion. The results indicate that financial inclusion positively correlates with economic growth in developing countries but not in high-income countries. This study shows that financial inclusion affects economic growth primarily by expanding opportunities for lower-income people. With increased financial access, those in the lower-income bracket can expand their economic activity, which results in economic growth in developing countries. In high-income countries, access to financial services is already high, and financial inclusion may not offer new opportunities to a larger segment of the population. The study also compares financial inclusion and financial development. The results suggest that financial inclusion contributes to financial development in developing countries by enhancing access to financial services. The findings recommend that policymakers in developing countries may use financial inclusion to increase economic growth

Impact of succession planning practices on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks

This study examines the impact of succession planning practices on the return on assets (RoA) of Nepalese commercial banks. The RoA was taken from the annual report of 20 commercial banks for the year 2020. Structured questionnaires were administered to examine the opinions of the respondents regarding succession planning practices. This study has employed descriptive and causal comparative research designs to deal with the fundamental issues associated with the various influencing factors of succession planning in Nepalese commercial banks. The total number of observations for the study consists of 140 respondents mainly working in the human resource department of those banks. The regression model is estimated to test the significance and effect of succession planning practices on profitability. The study revealed that human resource planning, succession planning, training and development, job rotation and organization culture have positive impact on return on assets. It indicates that higher the human resource planning, succession planning, training and development, job rotation and organization culture higher will be the RoA. However, favoritism and nepotism have a negative impact on return on assets. It implies that increase in favoritism and nepotism in an organization leads to decrease in return on assets. The study concluded that succession planning is very important to increase the level of profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The study identified that out of six independent variables only job rotation and organization culture have significant and positive association with RoA in Nepalese commercial banks

Research on the path of digital economy to solve the fairness and efficiency problems of Chinese modernization

First of all, the research purpose of this paper is to solve the problem of the lack of Chinese-style modernization theory in the process of the coordinated development of efficiency and equity in the development of China's digital economy. Secondly, this paper mainly uses analogical reasoning and literature research. In the first step, by summarizing and comparing the economic theories used by Chinese researchers in the past to solve the problems of China's economic development, the problem of the lack of Chinese-style modernization theory is found. In the second step, this paper deduces the theoretical hypothesis of "synergistic cycle perpetuity theory" by collating and modifying Muir dahl's cyclic accumulation theory and David Harvey's three-level capital cycle theory. Finally, through the research of this paper, it is found that the theory of "collaborative cycle sustainability theory" hypothesis can adapt to the characteristics of the digital economy, and then effectively promote the coordinated development of efficiency and equity, which is helpful to solve the problem of equity imbalance that has emerged in the early industrial economy era of China

Beyond economic growth: How Indonesia’s 2045 vision prioritized reducing income inequality?

This study aims to identify critical success factors for reducing income inequality in Indonesia by analysing the country's 2045 vision. This study employs a qualitative research design that utilises secondary data sources. Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis is used as the primary analytical tool to examine the critical success factors that influence Indonesia's economic growth in achieving its 2045 vision. The study reveals that Indonesia faces numerous challenges in reducing income inequality. However, by leveraging its strengths, Indonesia can reduce income inequality and become one of the world's top economies. Furthermore, the study identifies potential opportunities that could contribute to Indonesia's economic growth. The study concludes that Indonesia needs to focus on strength-opportunities (SO) strategies to achieve its 2045 vision and reduce income inequality by taking advantage of its strengths and potential opportunities. The study's findings have practical implications for policymakers and business leaders in Indonesia. The government needs to prioritise country strength to promote economic growth and reduce income inequality. Additionally, the private sector could explore the potential opportunities in the digital and manufacturing transformations to contribute to Indonesia's economic growth

Implications of financial leverage for bank profitability in Ghana

The complexity of the relationship between debt and equity financing models and their impacts on bank profitability in the Ghanaian banking sector cannot be overemphasized. This study examines the impacts of the two financing models on bank profitability. Emphasis is placed on the importance of credit risk, liquidity risk, and capital adequacy when making financing decisions. To measure bank profitability, the research employs two key metrics: Risk-adjusted return on assets (RAROA) and risk-adjusted return on equity (RAROE). These metrics indicate how well banks are performing financially. An inverse relationship between bank profitability (measured by RAROA) and credit risk was among the research findings. This implies that higher credit risk negatively affects profitability. There is a direct link between capital adequacy and RAROE, inferring that as banks increase their lending activities, they need to maintain adequate capital to safeguard their profitability. We recommend a balanced financing approach, which mitigates risks associated with excessive debt while still benefiting from the advantages of asset diversification and strategic growth