Population spread and cultural transmission in Neolithic transitions

The classical wave-of-advance model is based on Fisher's equation. However, this approach leads to an unbounded wave-of-advance speed at high reproduction rates. In contrast, an integro-difference model leads to a finite upper bound for the speed, namely the maximum dispersal distance divided by the generation time. Intuitively, this is a very reasonable result. This demic model has been generalized to include cultural transmission (Fort, PNAS 2012). We apply this recent demic-cultural model to determine the percentages of demic and cultural diffusion in the Neolithic transition for two case studies: (i) Europe, and (ii) southern Africa (Jerardino et al., submitted 2014). The similarities and differences between both case studies are interpreted in terms of the three mechanisms at work (population reproduction, dispersal and acculturation)

Towards building a monitoring platform for a challenge-oriented smart specialisation with RIS3-MCAT

In the new research and innovation (R&I) paradigm, aimed at a transformation towards more sustainable, inclusive and fair pathways to address societal and environmental challenges, and at generating new patterns of specialisation and new trajectories for socioeconomic development, it is essential to provide monitoring systems and tools to map and understand the contribution of R&I policies and projects. To address this transformation, we present the RIS3-MCAT platform, the result of a line of work aimed at exploring the potential of open data, semantic analysis, and data visualisation, for monitoring challenge-oriented smart specialisation in Catalonia. RIS3-MCAT is an interactive platform that facilitates access to R&I project data in formats that allow for sophisticated analyses of a large volume of texts, enabling the detailed study of thematic specialisations and challenges beyond classical classification systems. Its conceptualisation, development framework and use are presented in this paper.Comment: Accepted and presented at the 27th International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators (STI 2023

Land Use Patterns in Central Asia. Step 1: The Musical Chairs Model

Herding and farming coexisted in Central Asia for several thousand years as main options of preindustrial economic production. The relationship between people practicing different variants of these modes of subsistence is known to have been dynamic. Among the many possible explanations, we explore this dynamic by modeling mechanisms that connect aggregate decisions to land use patterns. Within the framework of the SimulPast project, we show here the results from step 1 of our modeling program: the Musical Chairs Model. This abstract agent-based model describes a mechanism of competition for land use between farming and herding. The aim is the exploration of how mobility, intensity, and interdependence of activities can influence land use pattern. After performing a set of experiments within the framework of this model, we compare the implications of each condition for the corroboration of specific land use patterns. Some historical and archaeological implications are also discussed. We suggest that the overall extension of farming in oases can be explained by the competition for land use between farming and herding, assuming that it develops with little or no interference of climatic, geographical, and historical contingencies

The EPNet Project. Production and distribution of food during the Roman Empire: Economics and Political Dynamics

The EPNet project aims to examine the framework of the Roman economic organisation and its networks by analysing epigraphical data from amphorae. This aim is to be realised through complex network analysis, model building and computer simulation. The objective is to create an experimental laboratory for the exploration, validation and refutation of historical theories, and the formulation of new ones.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version