Estado psicológico postquirúrgico de personas con obesidad mórbida sometidas a cirugía bariátrica

Los objetivos de este estudio se centran en describir el estado psicológico postquirúrgico de personas con obesidad mórbida sometidas a cirugía bariátrica, mediante la evaluación de los indicadores de ansiedad, depresión, calidad de vida y desorden alimentario. Es un estudio cualitativo, con una muestra de 20 personas del Gran Mendoza que se sometieron a cirugía bariátrica en la Clínica Quirúrgica de Obesidad, durante el período 2012 -2013. Para la recolección de datos se aplicaron pruebas psicológicas como EAT 26; Cuestionario de Calidad de vida SF36; Escala de Ansiedad de Hamilton; Inventario de Depresión de Beck y se administró una entrevista semi-estructurada para la recolección de variables socio-demográficas y para ampliar datos. Los resultados indican que luego de la cirugía bariátrica las personas evaluadas presentan trastornos de ansiedad menor y no existen indicadores de depresión. Por otro lado se comprobó la ausencia de indicadores de trastorno alimentario. En relación a la percepción de calidad de vida, las personas operadas perciben una muy buena calidad de vida en el área física, emocional, mental y social. Se considera importante tener un enfoque sistémico en el tratamiento quirúrgico ya que permite ver los distintos factores que intervienen en la refuncionalización de los pacientes y en el ambiente que tendrá que enfrentar luego de la cirugía.The objectives of this study focuses on describing postoperative psychological status of morbidly obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery, by assessing indicators of anxiety, depression, quality of life and eating disorder. It is a qualitative study with a sample of 20 people of Mendoza who underwent bariatric surgery Clínica Quirúrgica de Obesidad during the period 2012 -2013. For data collection were applied psychological tests as EAT 26; Quality of Life Questionnaire SF36, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory and were administered a semi-structured interview to collect socio-demographic variables and to expand data. The results indicate that after bariatric surgery people with anxiety disorders less and there are no indicators of neither depression or eating disorder indicators. In relation to the perception of quality of life, people perceive operated a very good quality of life in the physical, emotional, mental and social. It is considered important to have a systematic approach in the surgical treatment and allows you to see the different factors involved in the re-functionalization of patients and in the environment that will face after surgery.Fil: Palma, Romin

Safety of SARS-CoV2 vaccination and COVID-19 short-term outcome in pediatric acquired demyelinating disorders of central nervous system:A single center experience

IntroductionConcern of a correlation between disease relapse in patients with acquired demyelinating disorders of central nervous system (CNS) and SARS-CoV2 vaccines has been raised. In this single center study, we retrospectively evaluated safety of SARS-CoV2 vaccination and COVID-19 short-term outcome in pediatric acquired demyelinating disorders of CNS.Materials and methodsPatients with multiple sclerosis (MS), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with disease onset before 18 years of age were included. Demographic and clinical data, and information regarding previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination were collected.ResultsWe included nine patients with MOGAD. Six patients received SARS-CoV2 vaccination and complained pain at injection site while only one had fever and fatigue. Median follow-up was 28 weeks (range 20-48). Seven patients had COVID-19 occurring with mild flu-like symptoms and median follow-up was 28 weeks (range 24-34). Nobody had disease relapse. Five patients with NMOSD were included. All patients received SARS-CoV2 vaccination (BNT162b2-Pfizer-BioNTech). The median follow-up was 20 weeks (range 14-24) and only two patients complained pain at injection site, fever and fatigue. Three patients had also COVID-19 with mild flu-like symptoms, despite two of them being under immunosuppressive treatment. Lastly, forty-three patients with MS were included. 35 out of 43 received SARS-CoV2 vaccination with a median follow-up of 24 weeks (range 8-36). Fourteen patients had no side effects, while 21 complained mild side effects (mainly pain at injection site) and one experienced a disease relapse with complete recovery after steroid therapy. At vaccination, all but one were under treatment. Sixteen patients had COVID-19 occurring with mild symptoms.DiscussionCOVID-19 outcome was good although many patients were under immunosuppressive treatment. Vaccine-related side effects were frequent but were mild and self-limited. Only one MS patient had a post-vaccination relapse with complete recovery after steroid therapy. In conclusion, our data support the safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in pediatric MS, MOGAD and NMOSD

School-Based Interventions for Promoting Physical Activity Using Games and Gamification: A Systematic Review Protocol

Games and/or gamification seem to be a promising area for educational and health research. These strategies are being increasingly used for improving health indicators, even in educational settings; however, there is little information about these terms within the school to promote physical activity (PA). Objective: the aim of this study is to describe a systematic review protocol of school-based interventions for promoting PA in pre-schoolers, children, and adolescent students using games and gamification. Methods: This review protocol is registered in International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42019123521). Scientific databases include PubMed, Web of Science, SportDiscus, Cochrane Library, ERIC, and PsycINFO. A standardized procedure will be executed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol (PRISMA-P) checklist for conducting systematic review protocols and the PICOS (Population, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes, and Study design) tool to address an appropriate search strategy. Detailed information will be extracted, including a quantitative assessment using effect sizes to compare the interventions and a qualitative assessment using the Evaluation of Public Health Practice Projects (EPHPP) tool. Conclusion: This systematic review protocol contributes to establishing future systematic reviews using games and gamification strategies in school settings in order to examine their effect on PA outcomes among youth. Additionally, an update and clarification on the different terms in the school context have been included.Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and CompetitivenessEuropean Regional Development Fund (MINECO/FEDER, UE) DEP2016-75598-RUniversity of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Junta de AndaluciaEuropean Union (EU) SOMM17/6107/UG

La desnutrición y el bajo rendimiento escolar en niños de Educación Básica del Ecuador

Malnutrition translates as the lack of nutrients essential for the physical and mental development of an individual. One of the organs most affected by food deficiency is brain tissue, so nutrition is essential in the first years of a person's life. In Ecuador, malnutrition is a problem that affects the integral development of minors. This work aims at a literary review by collecting information that evidences the relationship between malnutrition and school performance of children in Ecuador. For this, the meta-analysis of 63 articles published in different scientific journals was used. In addition, a hermeneutic analysis of the following constructs was performed: factors of integral development of childhood, child malnutrition and school performance. It is concluded that malnutrition is one of the factors that affects the health and intellectual development of minors in Ecuador, therefore, it affects the academic performance of students, sometimes leading to student dropout; therefore, the competent authorities must focus on an immediate solution to this problem that is affecting children in Ecuador.    La desnutrición se traduce como la falta de nutrientes esenciales para el desarrollo físico y mental de un individuo. Uno de los órganos más afectados por la deficiencia de alimentos es el tejido cerebral, por ello la nutrición es esencial en los primeros años de vida de una persona. En el Ecuador la desnutrición es una problemática que afecta el desarrollo integral de los menores. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo la revisión literaria mediante la recopilación de información que evidencie la relación entre la desnutrición y el rendimiento escolar de la niñez en Ecuador. Para ello se acudió al metaanálisis de 63 artículos publicados en diferentes revistas científicas. Además, se realizó un análisis hermenéutico de los siguientes constructos: factores de desarrollo integral de la niñez, desnutrición infantil y rendimiento escolar. Se concluye que la desnutrición es uno de los factores que afecta la salud y el desarrollo intelectual de los menores en el Ecuador, por ende, afecta el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, llevando en ocasiones a la deserción estudiantil; por lo tanto, las autoridades competentes deben enfocarse en una solución inmediata a esta problemática que está afectando a los niños en el Ecuador

Educação indígena em Chaco (Argentina): identidade étnica, participação e interculturalidade. Da história recente à atualidade

El presente trabajo pretende historizar los sentidos otorgados a las nociones de participación indígena, identidad étnica e interculturalidad, en propuestas y políticas educativas destinadas a indígenas del Chaco. Focalizando en el recorte temporal correspondiente a la historia reciente y la actualidad, y en dos períodos: las décadas de 1960-1970 y el desarrollo de la Educación Bilingüe Intercultural entre los años 2010-2014. Metodológicamente, el estudio recupera los resultados obtenidos en el marco de investigaciones acreditadas por organismos científicos, y para la descripción empírica se recurre al análisis documental (normativas educativas, documentos elaborados por organizaciones indígenas o no indígenas), y a testimonios obtenidos por medio de entrevistas en profundidad.This work aims to historize the meanings given to the notions of indigenous participation, ethnic identity and interculturality, in educational proposals and policies aimed at indigenous peoples of Chaco. Focusing on recent and current history, and most specifically, on two periods: the 1960s, 1970s and the development of Intercultural Bilingual Education from 2010 to 2014. Methodologically, the study recovers the results obtained in the framework of research accredited by scientific bodies, and for empirical description, we rely on documentary analysis (educational regulations, documents prepared by indigenous or non-indigenous organizations) as well as testimonies obtained through in-depth interviews. O presente trabalho pretende historicizar os sentidos dados às noções de participação indígena, identidade étnica e interculturalidade, em propostas e políticas educativas destinadas a indígenas de Chaco. Focalizando no recorte temporal correspondente à história recente e à atualidade, e em dois períodos: as décadas de 1960-1970 e o desenvolvimento da Educação Bilíngue Intercultural entre os anos de 2010-2014. Metodologicamente, o estudo recupera os resultados obtidos em relação às pesquisas acreditadas por organismos científicos, e para a descrição empírica se recorre à análise documental (normativas educativas, documentos elaborados por organizações indígenas ou não indígenas), e a testemunhos obtidos por meio de entrevistas em profundidade

Children and Parental Barriers to Active Commuting to School: A Comparison Study

The main objectives of this study were: to compare the barriers to active commuting to and from school (ACS) between children and their parents separately for children and adolescents; and to analyze the association between ACS and the children’s and parents’ barriers. A total of 401 child–parent pairs, from Granada, Jaén, Toledo and Valencia, self-reported, separately, their mode of commuting to school and work, respectively, and the children’s barriers to ACS. T-tests and chi-square tests were used to analyze the differences by age for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Binary logistic regressions were performed to study the association between ACS barriers of children and parents and ACS. Both children and adolescents perceived higher physical and motivational barriers and social support barriers towards ACS than their parents (all p < 0.05). Additionally, the parents perceived higher distance, traffic safety, convenience, built environment, crime-related safety and weather as barriers towards ACS, than their children (all p < 0.05). Moreover, a higher perception of barriers was related to lower ACS. The results of our study showed the necessity of attenuating the perceptions of children and their parents in order to increase ACS. This is relevant to develop interventions in the specific contexts of each barrier and involving both populations.Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and CompetitivenessEuropean Commission DEP2016-75598-RUniversity of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016, Excellence actions: Units of ExcellenceUnit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Junta de AndalucíaEuropean CommissionEuropean Social Fund (ESF

Impacto generado por la aplicación de “Análisis de desvíos presupuestarios en explotaciones unipersonales"

El presente trabajo se enfoca en el análisis y utilización de la herramienta “Análisis de Desvíos Presupuestarios" en una explotación unipersonal, comenzando por la identificación de los mismos para luego realizar su correspondiente tratamiento, conocer ventajas y desventajas. Esta metodología, aplicada de forma adecuada, permite conocer los puntos críticos y diferencias entre lo presupuestado o proyectado y lo que realmente ocurrió. La importancia de este análisis radica en que se aplica a un emprendimiento que cuenta con escasas herramientas de control de gestión, observando el impacto provocado por la implementación de la misma, la cual no solo permite mejorar la gestión del negocio, sino también poder identificar, analizar y dar tratamiento a las causas de los desvíos, con el objetivo de poder corregirlos, logrando mejoras en los resultados y haciendo más eficiente el proceso. El crecimiento de toda organización se basa entre otras cosas, en una correcta utilización de los recursos. Es por esto, que el Presupuesto y Análisis de Desvíos se convierten en una herramienta fundamental para la organización y el manejo eficaz de sus recursos. Se trata de un instrumento de enorme valor para la toma de decisiones y para la estimación y control de las actividades, permitiendo a su vez evaluar el cumplimiento de los objetivos prefijados e identificar las desviaciones para entonces aplicar acciones correctivas. La importancia de la efectividad en la presupuestación requiere de un análisis de las variables significativas de las operaciones del emprendimiento, para luego aplicar indicadores económicos - financieros relevantes para la toma de decisiones, mejorando la calidad de la planificación. Puntualmente, este trabajo se concentra en la utilización de dicha herramienta en la temporada 2020-2021 de “Delivpool", una explotación unipersonal dedicada a la comercialización de productos químicos para piscinas ubicada en la Ciudad de Mendoza, Argentina; que busca diferenciarse de cualquier otro competidor mediante la modalidad de “delivery"; es decir, la entrega a domicilio de los productos que los clientes compran vía online o por medios telefónicos. A cargo de la misma se encuentra César, su dueño, junto con un encargado del fraccionamiento y la distribución de los productos. Mediante la aplicación de “PRESUPUESTO" y “ANÁLISIS DE DESVÍOS", el emprendimiento, podrá nutrirse de información tal como los desvíos presentes en el proceso, detectar debilidades y fortalezas del mismo. Las herramientas utilizadas para recopilar información son: cotizaciones obtenidas de proveedores, análisis de mercado, rendimiento obtenido en la temporada 2019-2020, observación directa de los procesos, costos históricos de los productos, etc.Fil: Gómez Bielli, Matías Luciano. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: D'aste Carbonari, César. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Palma, Romina Ailén. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas

Higher independent mobility to school among adolescents: A secondary analysis using cross-sectional data between 2010 and 2017 in Spanish youth

The PACO Study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund (DEP2016-75598-R, MINECO/FEDER, UE), and Spanish Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (FPU17/03934). This study has been partially funded by the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), and by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR. This study is part of a PhD thesis conducted in the Official Doctoral Program in Biomedicine of the University of Granada, SpainThe team would like to acknowledge the support of the following Spanish research centres and local/regional public institutions in providing data used in this study: Auguria, Agenda 21, University of Cádiz, University of Valencia, Autonomous University of Barcelona, University of Zaragoza, La Biciclante, La Ciclería, City Council of Zaragoza, University Carlos III and University of Granada.Aim: To describe and to analyse the associations between independent mobility to school (IM) with gender and age in Spanish youth aged 6–18 years old from 2010 to 2017. Moreover, to study the changes in the rates of IM from 2010 to 2017 by gender and age. Methods: Cross-sectional data were obtained from 11 Spanish studies. The study sample comprised 3460 children and 1523 adolescents. Logistic regressions models (IM with gender and age) and multilevel logistic regressions (IM with time period) were used. Results: Boys had higher odds ratio (OR) of IM than girls in children (OR = 1.86; CI: 1.50–2.28, p < 0.01). Adolescents showed higher IM than children: 12–14 years old (OR: 6.30; CI: 1.65–23.97) and 14–16 years old (OR: 7.33; CI: 1.18–45.39) had higher IM than 6–8 years old for boys (all, p < 0.05). Moreover, 12–14 years old (OR: 4.23; CI: 1.01–17.81) had higher IM than 6–8 years old for girls (p < 0.001). IM was not associ- ated with the time period. Conclusion: The IM is higher in boys and in adolescents, highlighting the relevance to promote IM strategies targeting girls and children. In these strategies is essential the support of researchers, public health practitioners and families to achieve positive results.Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund, Grant/Award Number: DEP2016-75598-RSpanish Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, Grant/Award Number: FPU17/03934Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBU

Enhancing the Functional Properties of Tea Tree Oil: In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Microencapsulation Strategy

In the context of addressing antimicrobial drug resistance in periocular infections, Tea TreeOil (TTO) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option. This study aimed to assess the efficacy ofTTO against bacterial strains isolated from ocular infections, with a particular focus on its ability toinhibit biofilm formation. Additionally, we designed and analyzed microcapsules containing TTOto overcome certain unfavorable physicochemical properties and enhance its inherent biologicalattributes. The quality of TTO was confirmed through rigorous analysis using GC-MS and UV-Vistechniques. Our agar diffusion assay demonstrated the effectiveness of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) againstocular bacterial strains, including Corynebacterium spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp.,and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as a reference strain of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Notably, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)for all tested microorganisms were found to be 0.2% and 0.4%, respectively, with the exception ofCorynebacterium spp., which exhibited resistance to TTO. Furthermore, TTO exhibited a substantial reduction in biofilm biomass, ranging from 30% to 70%, as determined by the MTT method.Through the spray-drying technique, we successfully prepared two TTO-containing formulationswith high encapsulation yields (80–85%), microencapsulation efficiency (90–95%), and embeddingrates (approximately 40%). These formulations yielded microcapsules with diameters of 6–12 µm,as determined by laser scattering particle size distribution analysis, and exhibited regular, sphericalmorphologies under scanning electron microscopy. Importantly, UV-Vis analysis post-encapsulationconfirmed the presence of TTO within the capsules, with preserved antioxidant and antimicrobialactivities. In summary, our findings underscore the substantial therapeutic potential of TTO and itsmicrocapsules for treating ocular infections.Fil: Manzanelli, Franco Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María. Universidad Nacional de Villa María. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María; ArgentinaFil: Ravetti, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María. Universidad Nacional de Villa María. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María; ArgentinaFil: Brignone, Sofía Gisella. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Garro, Ariel Gustavo. Provincia de Córdoba. Ministerio de Ciencia y Técnica; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Sol Romina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicoquímicas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados; ArgentinaFil: Vallejo, Mariana Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Palma, Santiago Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; Argentin

Testing the Mystic School Mobile Application to Promote Active Commuting to School in Spanish Adolescents: The PACO Study

Active commuting to and/or from school (ACS) is an opportunity to increase daily physical activity (PA) levels in young people. Mobile-device interventions focused on promoting the practice of health-related PA can be more cost-effective than traditional interventions in this population. Objective: To analyze the adolescents’ opinion of the mobile application (app) Mystic School, which was designed to promote ACS in Spanish adolescents. Methods: A total of 44 students (14–15 years old) from Granada and Jaén participated in the test of the Mystic School app during two phases: phase 1 (n = 10) for 2 weeks and phase 2 (n = 34) for 1 month. Each phase included an app presentation, a follow-up, and focus group sessions. The qualitative analysis was carried out through NVivo software. Results: In phase 1, adolescents reported improvements in the design and functioning, such as the avatar movement, virtual steps utilities, and multiplayer function. These suggestions were included in phase 2. After phase 2, adolescents reported that it is important to add the possibility of playing without an Internet connection to the game, to include more competitive options, prizes, and to increase the difficulty of the levels. In both phases, problems with the step number counting remained. Conclusion: The Mystic School app can be a useful tool for the physical education teacher to integrate the content from this curriculum related to the promotion of PA, such as ACS.Spanish GovernmentEuropean CommissionUniversity of Granada Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016-Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES) DEP2016-75598-RJunta de AndaluciaConsejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y UniversidadesEuropean Commission SOMM17/6107/UG