Определение эксплуатационных параметров ядерных реакторов малой мощности

Цель работы – определение эксплуатационных параметров ядерного реактора малой мощности, работающего в различных ядерных топливных циклах. В процессе исследования проводились расчеты нейтронно-физических характеристик реактора, на основании которых были получены таблицы и построены графики; произведен расчет финансовой составляющей работы, описаны внешние факторы, влиявшие на выполнение работы. В результате исследования были получены нейтронно-физические характеристики реактора заданного материального состава, оценена финансовая составляющая работа и описаны внешние факторы, которые влияли на работу. Основные характеристики: ядерный мощностью 20 МВт с топливом UO2 и обогащением 6 % и с теплоносителем вода, использующего в качестве конструкционных материалов циркалой-2.Objective - definition of operational parameters of low power nuclear reactor operating in various nuclear fuel cycles. The study carried out calculations of neutron-physical characteristics of the reactor, on the basis of which the tables and the graphs were obtained; The calculation of the financial component of the work are described the external factors influencing the performance of the work. The study was prepared by the reactor neutron-physical characteristics of a given material composition, evaluated the financial component of the work and described the external factors that affect the job. Key Features: a nuclear capacity of 20 MW with UO2 fuel and enrichment 6% and a water-cooled, employing as structural materials Zircaloy-2

Vehicle Based Laser Range Finding in Crops

Laser rangefinders and laser scanners are widely used for industrial purposes and for remote sensing. In agriculture information about crop parameters like volume, height, and density can support the optimisation of production processes. In scientific papers the measurement of these parameters by low cost laser rangefinders with one echo has been presented for short ranges. Because the cross section area of the beam increases with the measuring range, it can be expected that laser rangefinders will have a reduced measuring accuracy in small sized crops and when measuring far distances. These problems are caused by target areas smaller than the beam and by the beam striking the edges of crop objects. Lab tests under defined conditions and a real field test were performed to assess the measuring properties under such difficult conditions of a chosen low cost sensor. Based on lab tests it was shown that the accuracy was reduced, but the successful use of the sensor under field conditions demonstrated the potential to meet the demands for agricultural applications, Insights resulting from investigations made in the paper contribute to facilitating the choice or the development of laser rangefinder sensors for vehicle based measurement of crop parameters for optimisation of production processes