Alterations produced in child pronator foot after endurance activities and its involvement with the physical fatigue

[Resumen] Objetivos: Este estudio se plantea con el objetivo de determinar si existen cambios en la postura del pie y en la huella plantar de los niños tras una actividad deportiva de resistencia y si estos cambios son mayores en los niños con pies pronadores respecto a los que presentan una tipología de pies neutros. A su vez relacionar todo esto con el cansancio físico desencadenado y los dolores musculares que aparecen tras la actividad física. Nos planteamos llevar a cabo este estudio con la idea de conocer, entre tanta controversia, si el pie pronador presenta algún tipo de desventaja respecto al pie neutro, y si precisaría por tanto de tratamiento ortopodológico como medida de prevención y mejora de las alteraciones biomecánicas en etapas infantiles.Material y Método: Se valoró la postura del pie mediante el Índice de Postura del Pie (en adelante FPI-6), y la huella plantar mediante una pedigrafía, antes y después de ejercicios de resistencia de tipo aeróbicos, para posteriormente calcular el Arch Index mediante el programa informático AutoCad® a cada huella.Resultados y conclusiones: Según los resultados, se puede concluir que la postura del pie y la huella plantar de los niños se modificó tras los ejercicios de resistencia, los pies pronadores se cansaron más y refirieron dolor en pies y piernas durante y/o post actividad, siendo estos resultados estadísticamente significativos (P0.05) de que estos cambios fuesen mayores en los niños con pies pronadores ni que éstos rindieran menos que los niños con pies neutros durante la actividad.[Abstract] Objectives: This study was made with the objective of determine if there are alterations in child’s foot position and his footprint after a endurance activity and to establish wether these alterations are increased in pronator child compared to child who present neutral feet. At the same time, we relate all the above with the extreme physical fatigue and muscle aches that appear after physical activity. The aim of making this essay was to get to know, despite the controversy this topic arouses, if the pronator foot has some kind of disadvantage compared to the neutral foot and wheter it would need orthopedic podiatric treatment as a way to prevent and improve the child biomechanic alterations.Material and Method: Foot position was consider through the Foot Posture Index (FPI-6), and the footprint through a pedigraphy, before and after aerobic endurance activities in order to calculate the Arch Index by applying the computer program AutoCad® to every print.Results and Conclusions: According to the results, it can be concluded that the foot position and the children footprint was altered after endurance activities, pronators were more fatigated and complained about feet and legs aches during and/or after the activities. These results are statistically significant (P0.05) that these changes were higher in children with pronator feet or that their efficiency was lower during the exercise compared to neutral feet childre

Association of Toll-like receptor 10 and susceptibility to Crohn's disease independent of NOD2

Impaired innate inflammatory response has a key role in the Crohn's disease (CD) pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of the TLR10-TLR1-TLR6 gene cluster in CD susceptibility. A total of 508 CD patients (284, cohort 1 and 224, cohort 2) and 576 controls were included. TLR10-TLR1-TLR6 cluster single-nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping, NOD2 mutations and TLR10 mRNA quantification were performed using TaqMan assays. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) loci interaction was analyzed by logistic regression and multifactor-dimensionality reduction (MDR). Entropy-based analysis was used to interpret combination effects. One TLR10 haplotype (TLR10GGGG) was found associated with CD susceptibility in both cohorts, individuals with two copies had approximately twofold more risk of CD susceptibility than individuals having no copies (odds ratio1.89, P-value=0.0002). No differences in the mRNA levels were observed among the genotypes. The strongest model for predicting CD risk according to the MDR analysis was a two-locus model including NOD2 mutations and TLR10GGGG haplotype (Pc<0.0001). The interaction gain attributed to the combination of both genes was negative (IG=2.36%), indicating redundancy or independent effects. Our results support association of the TLR10 gene with CD susceptibility. The effect of TLR10 would be independent of NOD2, suggesting different signaling pathways for both genes. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.Peer Reviewe