6,528 research outputs found
Physics opportunities with future proton accelerators at CERN
We analyze the physics opportunities that would be made possible by upgrades
of CERN's proton accelerator complex. These include the new physics possible
with luminosity or energy upgrades of the LHC, options for a possible future
neutrino complex at CERN, and opportunities in other physics including rare
kaon decays, other fixed-target experiments, nuclear physics and antiproton
physics, among other possibilities. We stress the importance of inputs from
initial LHC running and planned neutrino experiments, and summarize the
principal detector R&D issues.Comment: 39 page, word document, full resolution version available from
http://cern.ch/pofpa/POFPA-arXive.pd
Pre-packaged food products business to consumer (B2C) distance selling and information obligations in Italian mass market retailers
The supply and sale of food online are on the rise. The value of e-commerce in Europe has been estimated in 602 billion euros in 2017, 324 million people in the old continent purchase online. In the European area, the Netherlands and Italy are the countries where the e-commerce market grew faster in the last five years. Nevertheless, in Italy the spread of online shopping has reached the 89.9% of the population between 11 and 74 years old. The access to the Internet, as declared by 43 million Italians, it is carried out from fixed or mobile locations. In terms of revenues the food sector recorded a +24% among the different sectors facing one of the higher grows in terms of percentages. The regulatory framework that disciplines the food products distance selling can be traced back to two fundamental pillars: the European legislation on e-commerce on the one side and the food information to consumers on the other side. Under article 14 of the Regulation (EU) No. 1169/2011, the European legislator states that the mandatory information, as indicated in article 9, shall be available to the consumer before the purchase is concluded and when the product is delivered. The study aims at verifying: the level of compliance by Italians MMR with the information regulation about food products distance selling in relation to (a) the fulfillment of the obligation concerning mandatory provisions and (b) the fulfillment of the obligations concerning availability and readability of the information provided. The research has been conducted analyzing the websites of the ten largest Italian MMR and in particular: if the mandatory information were provided, the availability of the information according to the Regulation (EU) 1169/2011; the number of clicks needed to identify the food product in the website and the number of clicks Non required to obtain all the information. The observation testified a substantial compliance with the information obligations according to the European regulation. Differently, when considering the availability and readability of the information, from the analysis emerged that consumers have to follow a path that is not immediate and intuitive. Conclusions are provided in relation to the presented research
Pareto-optimal cycles for power, efficiency and fluctuations of quantum heat engines using reinforcement learning
The full optimization of a quantum heat engine requires operating at high power, high efficiency, and high stability (i.e., low power fluctuations). However, these three objectives cannot be simultaneously optimizedâas indicated by the so-called thermodynamic uncertainty relationsâand a systematic approach to finding optimal balances between them including power fluctuations has, as yet, been elusive. Here we propose such a general framework to identify Pareto-optimal cycles for driven quantum heat engines that trade off power, efficiency, and fluctuations. We then employ reinforcement learning to identify the Pareto front of a quantum dot-based engine and find abrupt changes in the form of optimal cycles when switching between optimizing two and three objectives. We further derive analytical results in the fast- and slow-driving regimes that accurately describe different regions of the Pareto front
Encoded
ENCODED is an immersive aerial dance performance and installation that uses the latest interactive technologies to build a projected digital environment that responds to the movements of the performers
Exact Results on e+ e- --> e+ e- + 2 Photons at SLC/LEP Energies
We use the spinor methods of the CALKUL collaboration, as realized by Xu,
Zhang and Chang, to calculate the differential cross section for e+ e- --> e+
e- + 2 photons for c.m.s. energies in the SLC/LEP regime. An explicit complete
formula for the respective cross section is obtained. The leading log
approximation is used to check the formula. Applications of the formula to high
precision luminosity calculations at SLC/LEP are discussed.Comment: 16 pages(LaTeX), UTHEP-92-0601 (contains corrected figures
Using to Probe Top Quark Couplings
Possible anomalous couplings of the top-quark to on-shell photons and gluons
are constrained by the recent results of the CLEO Collaboration on both
inclusive and exclusive radiative decays. We find that the process \bsg\
can lead to reasonable bounds on both the anomalous electric and magnetic
dipole moments of the top-quark, while essentially no limits are obtained on
the corresponding chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments, which enter the
expression for the decay rate only through operator mixing.Comment: 10 pages plus 6 figures (available by request), LaTex,
ANL-HEP-PR-93-3
Incorporation of QCD Effects in Basic Corrections of the Electroweak Theory
We study the incorporation of QCD effects in the basic electroweak
corrections \drcar, \drcarw, and \dr. They include perturbative
\Ord{\alpha\alpha_s} contributions and threshold effects. The latter
are studied in the resonance and Green-function approaches, in the framework of
dispersion relations that automatically satisfy relevant Ward identities.
Refinements in the treatment of the electroweak corrections, in both the \ms\
and the on-shell schemes of renormalization, are introduced, including the
decoupling of the top quark in certain amplitudes, its effect on
\hat{e}^2(\mz) and \sincarmz, the incorporation of recent results on the
leading irreducible \Ord{\alpha^2} corrections, and simple expressions for the
residual, i.e.\ ``non-electromagnetic'', parts of \drcar, \drcarw, and \dr. The
results are used to obtain accurate values for \mw\ and \sincarmz, as functions
of \mt\ and \mh. The higher-order effects induce shifts in these parameters
comparable to the expected experimental accuracy, and they increase the
prediction for \mt\ derived from current measurements. The \ms\ and the
on-shell calculations of \dr, in a recently proposed formulation, are compared
and found to be in excellent agreement over the wide ranges 60\GeV \leq \mh
\leq 1 \TeV, \mz \leq \mt \leq 250 \GeV.Comment: 51 pages (needs doublespace, equations, and cite styles
A New Model for Fermion Masses in Supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories
We present a simple model for fermion mass matrices and quark mixing in the
context of supersymmetric grand unified theories and show its agreement with
experiment. Our model realizes the GUT mass relations , , in a new way and is easily consistent with values of
suggested by MSSM fits to LEP data.Comment: Latex, 8 p., ITP-SB-93-37 (revised version contains minor changes in
some wording and citations; no changes in analytic or numerical results.
Tracing CP violation in the production of top quark pairs by multiple TeV proton-proton collisions
We investigate the possibilities of searching for non-standard CP violation
in at multiple TeV collision energies. A general kinematic
analysis of the underlying partonic production processes and
in terms of their density matrices is given. We evaluate
the CP-violating parts of these matrices in two-Higgs doublet extensions of the
standard model (SM) and give results for CP asymmetries at the parton level. We
show that these asymmetries can be traced by measuring suitable observables
constructed from energies and momenta of the decay products of and . We find CP-violating effects to be of the order of and show that
possible contaminations induced by SM interactions are savely below the
expected signals.Comment: 24 pages, SLAC-PUB-6403, PITHA 93/43, 9 Figs. available upon request.
Written in LaTe
Gaseous Dark Matter Detectors
Dark Matter detectors with directional sensitivity have the potential of
yielding an unambiguous positive observation of WIMPs as well as discriminating
between galactic Dark Matter halo models. In this article, we introduce the
motivation for directional detectors, discuss the experimental techniques that
make directional detection possible, and review the status of the experimental
effort in this field.Comment: 19 pages, review on gaseous directional dark matter detectors
submitted to New Journal of Physic
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