Emergence of antibiotic resistance: need for a new paradigm

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Synergistic activity of sulbactam combined with colistin against colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen that is responsible for community- and hospital-acquired infections that are difficult to control and treat [1]. With increasing antimicrobial resistance to carbapenems, colistin is often the treatment of last resort, however colistin-resistant clinical isolates have already been reported. Since therapeutic options are very limited or absent in some cases of infection with pandrug-resistant bacteria, there is an urgent need to find new antibiotic strategies

Real-time sequencing to decipher the molecular mechanism of resistance of a clinical pan-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate from Marseille, France.

We compare the whole-genome sequences of two multidrug-resistant clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates recovered in the same patient before (ABIsac_ColiS susceptible to colistin and rifampin only) and after (ABIsac_ColiR resistant to colistin and rifampin) treatment with colistin and rifampin. We decipher all the molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, and we found mutations in the rpoB gene and in the PmrAB two-component system explaining resistance to rifampin and colistin in ABIsac_ColiR, respectively

Carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in two university hospitals in Algeria

International audienc

Evaluation of MALDI-TOF MS identification of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus - Acinetobacter baumannii complex clinical strains and comparison with genomic methods

International audienc

ARG-ANNOT, a New Bioinformatic Tool To Discover Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Bacterial Genomes

ARG-ANNOT (Antibiotic Resistance Gene-ANNOTation) is a new bioinformatic tool that was created to detect existing and putative new antibiotic resistance (AR) genes in bacterial genomes. ARG-ANNOT uses a local BLAST program in Bio-Edit software that allows the user to analyze sequences without a Web interface. All AR genetic determinants were collected from published works and online resources; nucleotide and protein sequences were retrieved from the NCBI GenBank database. After building a database that includes 1,689 antibiotic resistance genes, the software was tested in a blind manner using 100 random sequences selected from the database to verify that the sensitivity and specificity were at 100% even when partial sequences were queried. Notably, BLAST analysis results obtained using the rmtF gene sequence (a new aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme gene sequence that is not included in the database) as a query revealed that the tool was able to link this sequence to short sequences (17 to 40 bp) found in other genes of the rmt family with significant E values. Finally, the analysis of 178 Acinetobacter baumannii and 20 Staphylococcus aureus genomes allowed the detection of a significantly higher number of AR genes than the Resfinder gene analyzer and 11 point mutations in target genes known to be associated with AR. The average time for the analysis of a genome was 3.35 ± 0.13 min. We have created a concise database for BLAST using a Bio-Edit interface that can detect AR genetic determinants in bacterial genomes and can rapidly and easily discover putative new AR genetic determinants

Emergence of the OXA-23 carbapenemase-encoding gene in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from the Principal Hospital of Dakar, Senegal

International audienc