Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in Aggressive Dental Resorption: A Case Report

The study was carried out to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in arresting dental resorption and as a regenerative material especially for growth of bone and periodontal ligament. Tooth no 25 having Aggressive Dental Resorption (simultaneous presentation of apical and lateral perforating resorption) with discharging sinus and co-existing oral communication through periodontal pocket was treated with MTA. After thorough debridement and disinfection of the root canal, complete obturation of the root canal system was done with MTA and evaluated thereafter. Follow up examinations up to a period of 1 year could not reveal resolution of any of the preoperative signs and symptoms i.e. discharging sinus, periodontal pocket healing and mobility; also did not show radiographic evidence of arrest of resorption and bone or periodontal tissue formation. Clinical efficacy of MTA in arresting dental resorption with subsequent repair found questionable. However, Shorter period of disinfection, co-existence of oral communication with the resorptive defects through periodontium and non surgical treatment approach all or any one of these may be the concern for the failure. Keywords: Resorption, Perforation, MTA.DOI: 10.3329/bsmmuj.v2i1.3711 BSMMU J 2009; 2(1): 42-4

Management of Invasive Carcinoma of Cervix after Simple Hysterectomy at NICRH

Invasive cervical cancer are sometimes inappropriately managed by simple Hysterectomy and referred afterwards at NICR&H for further management. It has been proven as an inadequate treatment resulting in a reduced survival rate. Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the reason for such inappropriate surgery, further management options, prognosis and survival. Methods: Sixty one cases of invasive cervical cancer referred after simple hysterectomy were studied regarding indications for hysterectomy and histopathology. Disease status at the time of referral was noted and accordingly categorized into two group depending  on the presence of residual growth at the vault .All of them got adjuvant concurrent chemo-radiation.. Result : Sixty one cases of cancer cervix patients were followed up for 6 month to 60 month after completion of radiotherapy. Median period of follow-up was 14 months. 65% had abnormal per-vaginal bleeding preoperatively. At the time of referral 23% (14) had residual growth at the vault. After completion of concurrent chemoradiation 75% (47) patients became disease free. Metastasis occur in two cases. Overall survival rate was 90.2% Median survival was 56 month. Among the prognostic factors type of histopathology (p≤.01) and presence of gross cancer tissue at the vault after surgery (p≤.001)was found to influence the treatment outcome.Conclusion: Inadvertant simple hysterectomy in cervical carcinoma increases morbidity and decreases survival and should be condemned

The Role of Introns for the Development of Inflammation-Mediated Cancer Cell

Cancer and inflammation are connected by intrinsic pathways and extrinsic pathway where the intrinsic pathway is activated by genetic events including mutation, chromosomal rearrangement or amplification, and the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes, as well as the extrinsic pathway, is the inflammatory or infectious conditions that increase the cancer risk. On the other hand, introns are non-coding elements of the genome and play a functional role to generate more gene products through splicing out, transcription, polyadenylation, mRNA export, and translation. Moreover, introns also may act as a primary element of some of the most highly expressed genes in the genome. Intron may contain their regulatory function as CRISPR system which is activated after the demand of specific gene for specific protein formation where those are required for gene expression, they go for transcription and rest of them form splicing. This chapter will focus on the plausible role of introns to influence the genetic events of inflammation-mediated cancer cell development

Potential Healing Powers with Jute Plant- A Review

Jute (Corchorus spp) can be a potential medicinal product for the treatment of many diseases. In traditional medicinal practices, it is used to treat constipation, demulcent, dysentery, worm, carminative anthalmitic, intestinal antiseptic, ascites, pain, piles, tumors, dysuria, febrifuge, stomachic, cystitis etc. Till now more than 80 compounds, including glycosides, triterpenes, ionones, phenolics, phytosterols, organic acids, lignins, alkaloids have been isolated and identified from jute plant. The main phytochemical compounds are cardiac glycosides, corchorin, corchotoxin, helveticoside, corchoroside A and B, olitoriside, erysimoside, straphatidol, glycoside, capsularinsteroids and many other secondary metabolites. Modern studies have revealed several biological activities such as acidic polysaccharide, cardiotonic, anti-obisity, gastroprotective, antidiabetcs, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. The present review deals to provide comprehensive knowledge on the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of different plant extracts of jute based on the available scientific literature, provide a potential guide to highlight the available literature on jute plant with respect to ethnobotany, chemical constituents and summary of various pharmacological activities

Potencies of Justicia adhatoda L. for its possible phytotoxic activity

The phytotoxic effects of Justicia adhatoda L. were investigated on cauliflower, broccoli, tomato, foxtail millet and barnyard grass. The experiments were carried out under laboratory and in pot experiments. Six different aqueous methanol extract concentrations (control, 0.001, 0.003, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.1 g DW equivalent mL-1 extract) were tested in the laboratory and six aqueous extract concentrations (control, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 g DW mL-1 extract equivalent) were evaluated in the pot experiment. Results showed a reduction in germination and growth (shoot length, root length and biomass weight) at higher extract concentration compared to control. The leaf extracts from J. adhatoda showed that the foxtail millet and barnyard grass are germinating below 50 % both in the laboratory condition and in the pot experiment at their maximum concentration. When maximum extracts have been applied, we have found less than 0.5 cm of shoot and root of foxtail millet and barnyard grass. Maximum dry weight reduction was observed in foxtail millet and barnyard grass at the same concentration. The findings show that J. adhatoda may have phytotoxic potential and thus contains phytotoxins. Therefore, J. adhatoda can be used in sustainable crop production as a mulch or soil additive to suppress weeds

Impact of trap barrier systems on rodent damage to upland rice cropping systems during bamboo masting events

Synchronous bamboo masting events are well-known to cause rodent population outbreaks. In South Asia, Melocanna baccifera undergoes semelparous masting every 58 years leading to large rodent outbreaks and nearly 100% crop losses. Current crop protection methods used to control rodent outbreaks are largely based on largescale use of chronic and acute poisons. Non-chemical control methods, such as the use of trap barrier systems (TBS), could be effective in such outbreak situations. However, TBS is currently used in lowland irrigated rice cropping systems, and thus would need to be evaluated and adapted to the upland rice production systems commonly found in the areas affected by bamboo masting induced rodent outbreaks. In this study, we carried out field trials over two cropping seasons (2009 and 2010) in the Ruma area of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh during an on going bamboo masting event. Rodent activity was measured through active burrow counting in TBS fenced and unfenced rice crop fields. No rodent activity was found in TBS fenced fields in 2009, with some limited activity in TBS fenced fields in 2010. In 2010, the mean number of active burrows in unfenced fields was 8.66/ha, compared to 1.8/ha in the TBS sites. Rodent damage was measured by counting rice tillers cut by rodents, with no damage observed in TBS fenced fields in 2009 and some limited damage in TBS fenced fields in 2010 (0.26% damage), whilst unfenced field tiller damage was 3.2% during 2009 and 1.8% during 2010. The main rodent species captured by multi-capture traps in the TBS fences were Rattus rattus (70%), Mus musculus (19%), Rattus nitidus (5%) and Cannomys badius (5%). Rodent capture rates and crop damage were much lower than expected, which is arguably explained by an absence of rodent outbreaks in the selected communities, despite bamboo masting occurring in the surrounding forests around the rice fields. The using of TBS during the rodent outbreaks followed by Melocanna bamboo flowering is discussed in terms of the cost-benefits to prevent rodent damage in upland rice cropping systems

Alternative Medicine: A Recent Overview

Alternative medicine has renewed its growing public interest in recent times due to inequality of patients and healthcare professionals’ ratios with increased workload for the latter, various side effects of modern medicine, lack of complete remission from chronic diseases, high cost of new drugs, and emerging new diseases. Hence, people have become more dependent on treatment systems replying on alternative medicine or herbal medicine from traditional medicinal practitioners. Alternative medicine has grown substantially over time and encompasses several millennia of therapeutic systems. The significant areas of alternative medicine include mind–body therapies, body manipulation, and the therapies based on biological systems. Natural products based biological treatment is the most popular of them as nature has endowed us with abundance of effective pharmacologically active phytochemicals. These phytochemicals possess numerous specific clinical health benefits including antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-infectious and analgesic effects. In addition, alternative medicine is easily accessible, affordable, most often noninvasive, and provides favorable benefits during terminal periods of some diseases. However, due to the lack of well-designed clinical trials, the safety and effectiveness of many alternative medicines/therapies remains elusive. This chapter will critically discuss major areas, uses, safety and regulation, current challenges & future perspectives of alternative medicine

Clausenolide-1-methyl ether from Clausena heptaphylla W&A [Clausenolido-1-metil éter de Clausena heptaphylla W & A]

El limonoíde clausenolido-1-metil eter (1) fue aislado de corteza de Clausena heptaphylla. La estructura del compuesto fue determinada por metodos espectroscópicos, incluyendo 2D RMN, espectrometría de masas (EM) y comparación de los datos espectroscópicos y constantes físicas con los publicados en la literatura. Este es el primer informe del aislamiento de clausenolido-1-metil eter (1) de Clausena heptaphylla.Abstract From the stem bark of Clausena heptaphylla, the limonoid  clausenolide-1-methyl ether (1) was isolated. The structure of the compound was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic studies, including 2D NMR and MS measurements and by comparison with spectroscopic and physical data from the literature. This is the first report of occurrence of clausenolide-1-methyl ether (1) in Clausena heptaphyll

Emblica officinalis improves glycemic status and oxidative stress in STZ induced type 2 diabetic model rats

ObjectiveTo evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of Emblica officinalis (E. officinalis) fruit on normal and type 2 diabetic rats.MethodsType 2 diabetes was induced into the male Long-Evans rats. The rats were divided into nine groups including control groups receiving water, type 2 diabetic controls, type 2 diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (T2GT) and type 2 diabetic rats treated with aqueous extract of fruit pulp of E. officinalis. They were fed orally for 8 weeks with a single feeding. Blood was collected by cutting the tail tip on 0 and 28 days and by decapitation on 56 day. Packed red blood cells and serum were used for evaluating different biochemical parameters.ResultsFour weeks administration of aqueous extract of E. officinalis improved oral glucose tolerance in type 2 rats and after 8 weeks it caused significant (P<0.007) reduction in fasting serum glucose level compared to 0 day. Triglycerides decreased by 14% but there was no significant change in serum ALT, creatinine, cholesterol and insulin level in any group. Furthermore, reduced erythrocyte malondialdehyde level showed no significant change (P<0.07) but reduced glutathione content was found to be increased significantly (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe aqueous extract of E. officinalis has a promising antidiabetic and antioxidant properties and may be considered for further clinical studies in drug development