Asociación entre alteraciones psicológicas y la presencia de Liquen plano oral, Síndrome boca urente y Estomatitis aftosa recividante

OBJETIVO: El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la relación existente entre el Liquen Plano Oral (LPO),Estomatitis Aftosa Recividante (EAR), Síndrome de Boca Urente (SBU) y las alteraciones psicológicas del paciente, tales como el estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión. DISEÑO DEL ESTUDIO : Fueron estudiados 18 pacientes con EAR , 9 pacientes con LPO y 7 pacientes con SBU, que presentaron la lesión en el momento del examen, más un grupo control de 20 pacientes sanos. Ambos grupos fueron extraídos de centros hospitalarios y docentes, donde el diagnóstico clínico fue realizado por un equipo de patólogos orales. A los pacientes se les aplicó dos instrumentos de medición del estado psicológico del individuo: el Test de Experiencia Reciente, para medir el grado de estrés y la escala HAD, para determinar el nivel de ansiedad y depresión; los puntajes entregados por ellos fueron analizados estadísticamente a través del test T de Student no pareado y el Anova Tukey. RESULTADOS : Nuestros resultados sugirieron que hay una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre estos desórdenes psicológicos y las patologías de la mucosa oral en estudio. Se estableció que el nivel de estrés es mayor en los pacientes con EAR y LPO. Por otro lado la ansiedad es mayor en los tres grupos de pacientes con patología oral y la depresión es particularmente alta en los pacientes con SBU, todos estos datos respecto al grupo control. CONCLUSIONES : Existe una relación positiva entre alteraciones psicológicas y la EAR , LPO y SBU La EAR y el LPO se asociaron a altos niveles de estrés y ansiedad, mientras que el SBU se relacionó con importantes grados de ansiedad y depresión. De acuerdo a lo observado por nosotros, en el mantenimiento del estado de salud de los tejidos orales, los factores psicológicos desempeñan un papel importante.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the existing relation between the Oral Lichen Planus (OLP), Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS), Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) and psychological alterations of the patient, such as stress, anxiety and depression. DESIGN OF THE STUDY: 18 patients with RAS, 9 patients with OLP and 7 patients with BMS, that presented the condition at the moment of the examination, were studied, as well as a control group of 20 healthy patients. Both groups were extracted of hospitals and universitary centers, where the clinical diagnosis was made by a team of oral pathologists. Two measuring instruments were applied to them about their psychological condition: the Test of Recent Experience, to measure the stress level and scale H.A.D., to determine the level of anxiety and depression; the score given by them were statistically analyzed through T-test and the Anova Tukey test. RESULTS: Our results suggested a statistically significant association between these psychological disorders and the diseases of the oral mucosa in study. It was observed that the stress level is greater in patients with RAS and OLP, depression is particularly high in patients with BMS, and levels of anxiety are rised in the three groups, in comparison with the group control. CONCLUSIONS: A positive relationship can be established between psychological alterations and RAS, OLP and BMS. The RAS and the OLP stress and anxiety levels were considered as high, whereas the BMS was more related to important levels of anxiety and depression. According to these findings it is possible to assume that psychological factors should be taking into account when oral health wants to be maintain as normal

Increased nuclear β-catenin expression in oral potentially malignant lesions: a marker of epithelial dysplasia

Background: Deregulation of β-catenin is associated with malignant transformation; however, its relationship with potentially malignant and malignant oral processes is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the nuclear β-catenin expression in oral dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Material and Methods: Cross sectional study. Immunodetection of β-catenin was performed on 72 samples, with the following distribution: 21 mild dysplasia, 12 moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia 3, 36 OSCC including 19 well differentiated, 15 moderately differentiated and 2 poorly differentiated. Through microscopic observation the number of positive cells per 1000 epithelial cells was counted. For the statistical analysis, the Kruskal Wallis test was used. Results: Nuclear expression of β-catenin was observed in all samples with severe and moderate dysplasia, with a median of 267.5, in comparison to mild dysplasia whose median was 103.75. Only 10 samples (27.7%) with OSCC showed nuclear expression, with statistically significant differences between groups ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results are consistent with most of the reports which show increased presence of β-catenin in severe and moderate dysplasia compared to mild dysplasia; however the expression of nuclear β-catenin decreased after starting the invasive neoplastic process. This suggests a role for this protein in the progression of dysplasia and early malignant transformation to OSCC. Immunodetection of β-catenin could be a possible immune marker in the detection of oral dysplasi

Oral metastasis of renal cell carcinoma : presentation of a case

The oral cavity constitutes a site of low prevalence for metastasis of malignant tumors. Nevertheless, it has a high prevalence for metastasis of renal origin. Besides the kidneys, there are other primary sites with high prevalence of metastasis to the oral mucosa, such as the lungs, skin and breasts. Metastasis is common in patients with a background of treated renal tumors, thereby, it is proper to determine the possibility of oral metastasis as part of the protocol of attention. However, it constitutes a diagnostic challenge when it presents in patients with no renal antecedents. It is in this type of patients that the diagnosis of carcinoma is achieved by means of a metastasis. Survival rate in these patients is short because at the time of the metastasis diagnosis, the general compromise is high. The following report describes a case referred from the Rheumatology Unit with an intraoral tumor, that was finally diagnosed as a Metastasic Renal Cell Carcinoma with multiple metastasis

Determination of susceptibility to sensitization to dental materials in atopic and non-atopic patients

Introduction: Some studies report that atopic patients have a greater frequency of delayed-type sensitization than non-atopic patients. Objective: To determine the influence of the atopic condition on delayed sensitization to dental materials. Design: cross-sectional study. Methods: Forty (40) atopic subjects and forty (40) non-atopic subjects, of both sexes, between 20 and 65 years of age were included. The determination of delayed sensitization to dental materials was performed using patch test. An oral exam was also carried out to check for lesions of the oral mucosa. Results: 61.25% of the patients were positive for delayed-type sensitization to one or more allergens, being palladium chloride (21.25%), ammoniated mercury (20%), benzoyl peroxide (12.5%) and amalgam (10%) the most frequent. The frequency of sensitization was 67.5% in the group of atopic patients, compared to 55% in the non atopic group (p>0.05). The materials with the greatest difference of sensitization in atopic compared to non-atopic patients were ammoniated mercury, benzoyl peroxide, amalgam and Bisphenol A Dimethacrylate (BIS-GMA). Conclusion: The atopic condition is not related to a higher frequency of delayed sensitization to a battery of dental materials. © Medicina Oral

Salivary gland dysfunction markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease of the carbohydrate metabolism that, when not rigorously controlled, compromises systemic and organ integrity, thereby causing renal diseases, blindness, neuropathy, arteriosclerosis, infections, and glandular dysfunction, including the salivary glands. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the qualitative and quantitative parameters of salivary alteration, which are indicators of salivary gland dysfunction, and the level of metabolic control of type 2 diabetes patients. Material and Methods: A convenience sample of 74 voluntary patients with type 2 DM was selected, each of whom donated a sample of unstimulated saliva. Salivary parameters such as salivary flow rate, protein concentration, pH, and xerostomia were studied. Results: There is a positive relationship between the level of metabolic control measured with HbA1 and the protein concentration in saliva (Spearman rho = 0.329 and p = 0.004). The same assay showed an inverse correlation between HbA1 and pH (Spearman rho = -0.225 and p = 0.05). Conclusions: The protein concentration in saliva and, to a lesser extent, the pH may be useful as glandular dysfunction indicators in DM2 patients

Experiencias de enfermedad en mujeres con Síndrome de Sjogren ¿cómo impactan en las conductas de salud?

Doctorado en PsicologíaEl Sindrome de Sjögren (SS) es una enfermedad crónica autoinmune caracterizada por las significativas limitaciones físicas que produce y que se traducen en un importante impacto en la calidad de vida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer las experiencias que surgen como resultado de la enfermedad y como impactan en los cuidados en salud y bienestar general con la vida en mujeres chilenas. Se diseñó un estudio de tipo cualitativo de acuerdo a los principios de la teoría fundamentada utilizando como técnica de investigación la entrevista en profundidad. Participaron diecinueve mujeres adultas con diagnóstico médico de SS. Producto del análisis de los relatos surgieron siete categorías que se articularon en torno a una categoría central la cual se denominó “dando la batalla”. Esta hace alusión a la conducta de resistir a la adversidad al mismo tiempo de una constante búsqueda de soluciones. La enfermedad se instala como un agente extraño en sus vidas frente a la cual experimentan incertidumbre y cambios en el rol social. La respuesta del entorno social está caracterizada por la poca comprensión y empatía. La experiencia de enfermedad incide significativamente en las conductas de cuidados en salud y en el bienestar general con sus vida

Major depression and oral health: Role of antidepressants medications Depresión mayor y salud oral: Rol de los fármacos antidepresivos

Many antidepressants drugs, like others drugs used to treat the disease, have a hyposalivation properties. The diminished salivary flow is the cause of several soft and hard oral tissues alterations. Hyposalivation results in an increasing risk for dental decay, may also be responsible for a increased incidence of monilial infections, and intensification, in some degree, of gingivitis and periodontal disease. Occasionally, some of these oral infections may be compromising seriously the general health. In addition, these diseases may get worst by the loss of the oral hygiene habits due to the mood disturbance. Due to the more risk to development of oral pathology in patients with hyposialia, and its possible wrong effects in the systemic health, as likewise in the impaired mood of this patients, is important to decrease the incidence of these oral diseases in depressive patients, principally in those patients treated with hyposalivants phsycopharmacs. © 2006 Sociedad de Neurolog Psiqui

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia of the lip with eosinophilia. Report of one case

Publicación ISIWe report a 33 year-old female presenting with a 2 cm Minor of the upper lip lasting one year. The tumor was excised and the pathological examination showed multiple blood vessels with thickened walls, prominent endothelial cells, lymphoid,follicles and an increased number of eosinophils. The final diagnosis was an angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. Six months after surgery, the patient was free of disease. This is a rare condition that must be distinguished from Kimura disease (Rev Med Chile 2007, 135: 636-9)

Graft versus host disease with oral involvement. Report of one case Enfermedad injerto contra huésped (EICH). Caso clínico con expresión en mucosa bucal

Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD) is a common complication in allogenic bone marrow transplants and in some cases, it involves the oral mucosa. Therefore, the appropriate diagnosis and timely treatment is essential to prevent local complications which interfere with normal oral functions and facilitate infection spread. We report a 17 years old woman with GVHD associated to lichenoid and ulcerative lessions in the oral mucosa, which responded to the topical administration of a 0.1% tacrolimus ointment (Rev Méd Chile 2008; 136: 1570-3)

α-2-macroglobulin in saliva is associated with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

© 2015 Juan Pablo Aitken et al.Background. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) require an adequate glycemic control to avoid diabetic complications. Currently, saliva biomarkers are used as a diagnostic tool and can be indicative of the degree of progression and control of various diseases. Several studies indicate that α-2-macroglobulin levels are elevated in diabetic patients. Methods. 120 subjects with DM2 were enrolled and classified into two groups according to their glycemic control (percentage of glycated hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c), &lt;7% adequate glycemic control group; &gt;7% inadequate glycemic control group). The relationship between α-2-macroglobulin levels from saliva samples and HbA1c was subsequently evaluated. Results. We found a positive correlation between α-2-macroglobulin and HbA1c (r=0.778 and P&lt;0.0001). Area under the receivers operating characteristic (ROC) curve of α-2-macroglobulin indicated a positive discrimination threshold of α-2-macroglobulin (AUC = 0.903, CI 95%: 0.847–0.959, < 0.0001) to diagnose glycemic control. Conclusions. Our data strongly suggest that the level of saliva -2-macroglobulin is an indicator for the degree of glycemic control in diabetic patients and represents a promising alternative method to evaluate this parameter