Cronología de la erupción dentaria en caninos superiores e inferiores

Objectives: To establish the chronological sequence of the dental eruption in canines, carrying out various investigations in different studies that indicate, according to their analyzes, that there is a direct relationship with the factors that cause their eruption to be altered. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out from October to December 2020, using the following search strategy in the database: Scielo, Repository, Medical journals, within which 22 articles related to the subject were considered, taking into account that 90% of the publications and bibliographic reviews were from 2010-2020. Results: In different studies a close relationship was found in the different factors that tend to cause the advance or delay in its appearance. That is why it is necessary to consider investigating the biological factors that can affect the development of the tooth bud. Conclusion: All the information that has been obtained in this investigation, we conclude that the order of eruption of the mentioned teeth, whether they are upper and lower canines, is affected and is influenced by components such as malnutrition, geographical environment, climate, race, factor environmental, sex and age.Objetivos: Establecer la secuencia cronología de la erupción dentaria en caninos, realizando diversas investigaciones en diferentes estudios que indican según sus análisis que existe relación directa con los factores que hacen que su erupción se vea alterada. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica a partir de octubre hasta diciembre del 2020, empleando la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda en la base de datos: Scielo, Repositorio, Revistas médicas dentro de los cuales se consideró 22 artículos relacionados con el tema, tomando en cuenta que el 90% de las publicaciones y revisiones bibliográficas fueron del 2010 – 2020. Resultados: En diferentes estudios se encontraron una estrecha relación en los diferentes factores que tienden a provocar el adelanto o retraso en su aparición. Es por ello que se necesita considerar investigar los factores biológicos que pueden afectar el desarrollo del brote de los dientes. Conclusión: Toda la información que se ha podido obtener en esta investigación, concluimos que el orden de erupción de los dientes mencionados, sean caninos superiores e inferiores se ve afectada e influyen los componentes como la desnutrición, el medio geográfico, el clima, la raza, factor ambiental, sexo y edad

DECISIONES ANTE UNA ENFERMEDAD TERMINAL CON DOLOR EXTREMO.

The importance of assuming and facilitating the pain and death process, as well as the way of facing up to it, it is something that always exists in the individual. Therefore, it may be interesting going into the population attitudes before those processes in depth. The goal of this essay has been to get to know the preferences in individuals about how they want to be treated before a terminal illness with pain process and which factors affect those preferences.La importancia de asumir y facilitar el proceso de dolor y muerte, así como el modo de afrontarlo, hace que siempre esté vigente en el individuo y puede resultar interesante profundizar en las actitudes de la población ante los mismos. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido conocer las preferencias de los individuos sobre cómo quieren ser tratados ante un proceso de enfermedad terminal con dolor y qué factores inciden en dichas preferencias

CONOCIMIENTOS QUE TIENEN LOS ALUMNOS DE ENFERMERÍA DE LA HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL.

Introduction: Knowledge about hypertension among nurses is a subject of great concern due to their important role in prevention, health education, control and follow-up of hypertensive patients. As hypertension is a prevalent health condition in western societies, the goal of this work is to assess the level of knowledge about high blood pressure in a sample of nursing students, as future professionals of this discipline. The results will help us to improve their formation and their lifestyle habits. Methods: Descriptive study. Variables were analysed using Chi-square tests, complemented with residual analysis.Los conocimientos que sobre la hipertensión arterial pueden tener las enfermeras en el desarrollo de su actividad profesional tienen una gran importancia, dada su responsabilidad en este campo, tanto en la prevención de los factores de riesgo, realizando educación sanitaria, como en el control de la presión arterial y en los cuidados, cuando se producen complicaciones. En este trabajo pretendemos profundizar en los conocimientos de los alumnos de enfermería, como futuros profesionales, en un tema tan frecuente en las sociedades desarrolladas como es la hipertensión arterial, para así poder mejorar su formación y sus hábitos de vida no siempre saludables. El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en los conocimientos que sobre la hipertensión arterial tienen los alumnos de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Murcia. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de las variables y los análisis estadísticos correspondientes de X2 de Pearson, complementado con un análisis de residuos

Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU

Contains fulltext : 172380.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

The Influence of Deposition Time on the Structural, Morphological, Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnO-rGO Nanocomposite Thin Films Grown in a Single Step by USP

Thin films of nanocomposite of zinc oxide&ndash;reduced graphene oxide (ZnO-rGO) deposited on soda-lime glass substrates were prepared using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) at 460 &deg;C. The preparation process does not use harsh acids and is environmentally friendly. The deposition period of 2, 3.5 and 5 min resulted in compact, uniform samples with thicknesses of 148, 250 and 365 nm, respectively. After performing structural, morphological, optical and electrical characterization of the prepared nanocomposite, an influence of the deposition time on the physical properties of the obtained films was determined. TEM analyses indicate that the ZnO-rGO nanocomposite presents ZnO nanoparticles anchored on graphene sheets, while XRD, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman results show the presence of a ZnO phase in the ZnO-rGO films. HR-SEM studies showed changes of the ZnO-rGO thin films morphology due to the incorporation of graphene into the ZnO films. Here, the particles of ZnO are similar to small grains of rice and graphene films have the appearance of a little &ldquo;rose&rdquo;. As the thickness of the film increases with deposition time, it reduces the structure of resistance of the nanocomposite thin films to 135 &Omega;. In addition, the optical transmission of the thin films in the visible region resulted affected. Here, we report a simple methodology for the preparation of ZnO-rGO nanocomposite thin films