4 research outputs found
Calculation of greenhouse gas emission : a case study of crude palm oil production in Thailand
Master of Engineering (Environmental Engineering
Alternative Technologies for the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Palm Oil Mills in Thailand
Alternative methodologies for the
reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions from crude palm oil (CPO) production by a wet extraction
mill in Thailand were developed. The production of 1 t of CPO from
mills with biogas capture (four mills) and without biogas capture
(two mills) in 2010 produced GHG emissions of 935 kg carbon dioxide
equivalent (CO<sub>2</sub>eq), on average. Wastewater treatment plants
with and without biogas capture produced GHG emissions of 64 and 47%
of total GHG emission, respectively. The rest of the emissions mostly
originated from the acquisition of fresh fruit bunches. The establishment
of a biogas recovery system must be the first step in the reduction
of GHG emissions. It could reduce GHG emissions by 373 kgCO<sub>2</sub>eq/t of CPO. The main source of GHG emission of 163 kgCO<sub>2</sub>eq/t of CPO from the mills with biogas capture was the open pond
used for cooling of wastewater before it enters the biogas recovery
system. The reduction of GHG emissions could be accomplished by (i)
using a wastewater-dispersed unit for cooling, (ii) using a covered
pond, (iii) enhancing the performance of the biogas recovery system,
and (iv) changing the stabilization pond to an aerated lagoon. By
using options i–iv, reductions of GHG emissions of 216, 208,
92.2, and 87.6 kgCO<sub>2</sub>eq/t of CPO, respectively, can be achieved