A new species of Rhytidognathus (Carabidae, Migadopini) from Argentina

The Migadopini are a small tribe of Carabidae with 47 species that occur in South America, Australia, and New Zealand, in the sub-Antarctic areas. In South America, most of the genera inhabit areas related to sub-Antartic Nothofagus forest except two monogeneric genera, the Ecuadorian genus Aquilex Moret and the Pampean genus Rhytidognathus Chaudoir. These two genera are geographically isolated from the remaining five South American genera. New material of Rhytidognathus from the northeast of Buenos Aires province and from Entre Ríos province permits establishing that the previous records of Rhytidognathus ovalis (Dejean) for Argentina were erroneous and that it belongs to a new species. Based on external morphological characters and from male and female genitalia we describe Rhytidognathus platensis as a new species. In this contribution we provide illustrations, keys, habitat characteristics and some biogeographic considerations on the distribution of Rhytidognathus.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Catalog of the type material in the Herpetology Collection of the Instituto de Biologia Animal (Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo)

The Herpetology Collection of the Instituto de Biología Animal of Mendoza (IBA-FCA UNCuyo) is one of the most important of Argentina, for the type material deposited there and because includes a large number of specimens from central-western Argentina and Patagonia. The collection is in a process of ordering for it to the scientific community to access the material with ease. This arrangement allows recognizing the deposited type material, most of it corresponding to Argentina's species described by J. M. Cei, who conducted his investigations at this institute between 1955 and 1980. Also developed research in the Institute R. Donoso-Barros, J. A. Scolaro, F. Videla, L. P. Castro, G. Macola and V. Roig, among others. The type material comprises a total of 295 specimens, belonging to 38 species, 32 of them being holotypes and 263 paratypes. The materials designated as Neotypes of Liolaemus anomalus Koslowsky, 1896 and Liolaemus melanops Burmeister, 1868 do not constitute type material since the original types were found. Fourteen types that should have been deposited in the collection were not found, including the holotype of Homonota andicola Cei, 1978.The Herpetology Collection of the Instituto de Biología Animal of Mendoza (IBA-FCA UNCuyo) is one of the most important of Argentina, for the type material deposited there and because includes a large number of specimens from central-western Argentina and Patagonia. The collection is in a process of ordering for it to the scientific community to access the material with ease. This arrangement allows recognizing the deposited type material, most of it corresponding to Argentina's species described by J. M. Cei, who conducted his investigations at this institute between 1955 and 1980. Also developed research in the Institute R. Donoso-Barros, J. A. Scolaro, F. Videla, L. P. Castro, G. Macola and V. Roig, among others. The type material comprises a total of 295 specimens, belonging to 38 species, 32 of them being holotypes and 263 paratypes. The materials designated as Neotypes of Liolaemus anomalus Koslowsky, 1896 and Liolaemus melanops Burmeister, 1868 do not constitute type material since the original types were found. Fourteen types that should have been deposited in the collection were not found, including the holotype of Homonota andicola Cei, 1978

Catálogo del material tipo de la Colección Herpetológica del Instituto de Biología Animal (Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo)

The Herpetology Collection of the Instituto de Biología Animal of Mendoza (IBA-FCA UNCuyo) is one of the most important of Argentina, for the type material deposited there and because includes a large number of specimens from central-western Argentina and Patagonia. The collection is in a process of ordering for it to the scientific community to access the material with ease. This arrangement allows recognizing the deposited type material, most of it corresponding to Argentina´s species described by J. M. Cei, who conducted his investigations at this institute between 1955 and 1980. Also developed research in the Institute R. Donoso-Barros, J. A. Scolaro, F. Videla, L. P. Castro, G. Macola and V. Roig, among others. The type material comprises a total of 295 specimens, belonging to 38 species, 32 of them being holotypes and 263 paratypes. The materials designated as Neotypes of Liolaemus anomalus Koslowsky, 1896 and Liolaemus melanops Burmeister, 1868 do not constitute type material since the original types were found. Fourteen types that should have been deposited in the collection were not found, including the holotype of Homonota andicola Cei, 1978.La Colección Herpetológica del Instituto de Biología Animal de Mendoza (IBA-FCA, UNCuyo) es una de las más importantes de la Argentina, por el material tipo en ella depositado, y por la gran cantidad de ejemplares del centro-oeste argentino y de la Patagonia. La colección está en un proceso de ordenamiento lo que permitirá que la comunidad científica pueda acceder al material con facilidad. Este ordenamiento ha permitido reconocer los ejemplares tipos en ella depositados, que en su mayor parte corresponde a especies de la Argentina descriptas por J. M. Cei. Este investigador desarrolló sus investigaciones en el instituto entre 1955 y 1980. También desarrollaron investigaciones en el Instituto R. Donoso-Barros, J. A. Scolaro, F. Videla, L. P. Castro, G. Macola y V. Roig entre otros. En total hay 295 ejemplares tipo pertenecientes a 38 especies, 32 de ellos holotipos y 263 paratipos. Los materiales designados como neotipos de Liolaemus anomalus Koslowsky, 1896 y Liolaemus melanops Burmeister, 1868 no se consideran tipos ya que los ejemplares tipos originales fueron localizados posteriormente. Catorce tipos que deberían estar depositados en la colección no fueron encontrados, entre ellos el holotipo el Homonota andicola Cei, 1978.Fil: Literas, Sofía. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Rodríguez, Matías. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Pereyra, Enrique. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Roig-Juñent, Sergio. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agraria

A new species of Rhytidognathus (Carabidae, Migadopini) from Argentina

The Migadopini are a small tribe of Carabidae with 47 species that occur in South America, Australia, and New Zealand, in the sub-Antarctic areas. In South America, most of the genera inhabit areas related to sub-Antartic Nothofagus forest except two monogeneric genera, the Ecuadorian genus Aquilex Moret and the Pampean genus Rhytidognathus Chaudoir. These two genera are geographically isolated from the remaining five South American genera. New material of Rhytidognathus from the northeast of Buenos Aires province and from Entre Ríos province permits establishing that the previous records of Rhytidognathus ovalis (Dejean) for Argentina were erroneous and that it belongs to a new species. Based on external morphological characters and from male and female genitalia we describe Rhytidognathus platensis as a new species. In this contribution we provide illustrations, keys, habitat characteristics and some biogeographic considerations on the distribution of Rhytidognathus.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Diferencias en el hábito de crecimiento como variable explicativa de la influencia climática en Prosopis flexuosa en el Desierto del Monte Central (Argentina).

Tree growth habit differences as an explanatory variable of the climatic influence upon the radial growth variability of Prosopis flexuosa in the Central Monte Desert (Argentina). Dendroclimatological methods represent one of the most useful tools in analyzing the influence of climate upon the radial growth dynamics and morphology of woody species. In the Central Monte Desert, Prosopis flexuosa DC (algarrobo dulce), grows as one-stemmed as well as multi-stemmed tree. Previous researches showed the utility of the species ring widths as a proxy of climate variability. Nevertheless, these researches differed methodologically, by considering or rejecting the multi-stemmed trees. This work analyzed if the variability in the tree growth habit express differences in the algarrobo dulce dendroclimatological signal. Two tree-ring chronologies, one derived from the one-stemmed (UF) and the other from the multi-stemmed trees (MF) growing under the same ecological environment, were developed. The MF chronology showed higher sensibility than the UF to climate extremes and oscillation. This suggested that multi-stemmed trees represent a good proxy for explaining local climatic variability. Due to the widespread spatial distribution of this species, further works are needed to a deeper understanding of the presented results.Los métodos dendroclimatológicos representan una de las herramientas más valiosas para analizar la influencia del clima sobre la dinámica del incremento radial y la morfología de las plantas leñosas. En el Desierto del Monte Central, Prosopis flexuosa DC (algarrobo dulce), crece como árbol uni-fustal pero también como multi-fustal. Investigaciones anteriores han evidenciado la utilidad del ancho de anillo de esta especie como registro de eventos climáticos. Sin embargo, estas investigaciones han diferido metodológicamente, considerando o descartando los individuos multi-fustales. Este trabajo analizó si la variabilidad en el hábito de crecimiento expresa diferencias en la señal dendroclimática del algarrobo dulce. Dos cronologías de ancho de anillos, una derivada de individuos uni-fustales (UF) y otra de multi-fustales (MF) presentes en un mismo ambiente ecológico fueron desarrolladas. Se observó que hay una mayor sensibilidad de la cronología MF respecto de la UF en relación a la incidencia en el crecimiento de eventos climáticos extremos y del clima en general en el largo plazo. Esto sugiere que los individuos multi-fustales constituyen una buena representación de la variabilidad del clima local. Debido a la gran extensión territorial de especie, otros estudios que abarquen la extensión geográfica de P. flexuosa son deseables para profundizar los resultados logrados

Response to water deficit on tree growth from urban forestry of Mendoza city : comparative analysis in sapling trees

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la respuesta de plantas jóvenes de cuatro especies forestales urbanas a diferentes niveles de déficit hídrico. El ensayo se realizó en vivero, durante tres ciclos vegetativos, con plantas de Platanus x hispanica cv. acerifolia (plátano), Morus alba (morera), Fraxinus americana (fresno americano) y Acacia visco (visco). Los tratamientos de riego fueron: control (reposición del 100% transpirado); riego deficitario moderado (reposición del 66% transpirado) y riego deficitario severo (reposición del 33% transpirado). Las variables de respuesta evaluadas fueron altura, diámetro de tallos, área foliar y ancho de anillos de crecimiento. Las plantas bajo riego deficitario severo presentaron disminuciones en todos los parámetros de crecimiento considerados. Acacia visco resultó con crecimientos comparables al control, bajo riego deficitario equivalente al 66% del agua transpirada, con lo cual puede ser considerada especie de interés para forestaciones en condiciones de estrés hídrico moderado.The objective was to evaluate the young plants response of four urban forest species at different levels of water deficit. The manipulative experiment was conducted in nursery for three growing seasons, with saplings of Platanus x hispanica cv. acerifolia (London plane), Morus alba (mulberry), Fraxinus americana (American ash) and Acacia visco (visco). The catering treatments were: control (replacement of 100% water transpired), moderate deficit watering (replacement of 66% water transpired) and severe deficit watering (replacement of 33% water transpired). Response variables measured were height, stem diameter, leaf area and annual tree-rings width. Plants under severe deficit watering showed decreases in all growth parameters considered. Acacia visco under moderate deficit watering equivalent to 66% of transpired water had a growth comparable to control. Therefore, this specie could be considered relevant to new forestations in moderate water stress conditions.Fil: Martínez, Claudia. CONICET. CRICYT. INCIHUSA (Instituto de Ciencias Sociales, Humanas y Ambientales)Fil: Cavagnaro, Juan Bruno. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Roig Juñent, Fidel A.. Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA).Fil: Cantón, María Alicia. CONICET. CRICYT. INCIHUSA (Instituto de Ciencias Sociales, Humanas y Ambientales

<i>Araucaria araucana</i> tree-ring chronologies in Argentina: spatial growth variations and climate influences

Seventeen tree-ring chronologies from the conifer Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch have been analyzed across its range of distribution in Argentina. We studied the growth patterns and determined the main climatic factors influencing A. araucana radial growth. All the chronologies show a strong common signal observed by the high amount of variance explained by the first principal component (PC1) and the high mean correlation (r = 0.597) between the chronologies over the 1676–1974 interval. On this basis, we developed a regional chronology that is 866 years long (A.D. 1140–2006) and includes 621 tree-ring series. Based on the PC2 scores, chronologies were clearly separated by elevation in high- and low-elevation records. Regional tree growth is strongly negatively related to temperatures during summer and fall in the previous-growing season and spring in the current-growing season, respectively. A positive association of tree growth with precipitation is recorded during spring in the current growing season. These results suggest a close relationship between A. araucana tree growth and water availability on a regional scale. This observation is also consistent with a positive and significant correlation between our A. araucana regional record and a reconstruction of November–December rainfall for northern Patagonia inferred from the xeric Austrocedrus chilensis during the past 400 years. Negative correlations between A. araucana regional growth and the sea surface temperature in the Nino 3.4 region reflect the occurrence of above-mean summer temperatures in the region during positive tropical Pacific SST anomalies. The negative relationship with the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) results from reduced precipitation in our study region during the positive phase of the AAO. The effect of elevation on water availability is consistent with significant correlations between ring-width variations at lower elevations and the Palmer Drought Severity Index during spring and summer in the current growing season. Our study emphasizes the high dendroclimatological potential of A. araucana chronologies for reconstructing past climate variations in northern Patagonia during the past millennium.Laboratorio de Investigación de Sistemas Ecológicos y Ambientale

Impacto de la condición de aridez en el desarrollo ambientalmente sustentable de ciudades oasis : El caso del arbolado urbano en el Área Metropolitana de Mendoza

El modelo de desarrollo urbano del Área Metropolitana de Mendoza se sustenta ambientalmente en una importante estructura verde. Dada la condición árida del emplazamiento y con el objeto de postular estrategias que garanticen su permanencia en el medio urbano, el trabajo cuantifica el grado de tolerancia a la sequía que alcanzan las especies que conforman el arbolado en la ciudad. Se presenta la metodología de análisis y los resultados de la evaluación del impacto del déficit hídrico en el crecimiento de ejemplares jóvenes de “morera” (Morus alba L.), especie cuya representatividad alcanza el 38,27%. Los resultados muestran que las variables de crecimiento -altura y área foliar- están directamente relacionadas a la disponibilidad del recurso hídrico, mientras que el diámetro de tallos crece en mayor medida (10,45%) cuando se aplica un tratamiento de riego que implica un déficit hídrico moderado.The urban development model of Mendoza’s Metropolitan Area is based on an important environmental green structure. Given the arid condition of the site is necessary to quantify the degree of drought tolerance that reaches the species making up the trees in the city. This study seeks to apply strategies to optimize their management and culture so as to ensure their growth in urban areas. The paper presents the analysis methodology and results of the evaluation of the impact of water deficit on growth of young trees of "mulberry” (Morus alba), whose representation reaches 38.27%. The results show that the growth variables -height and leaf area- are directly related to the availability of water resources; while the stem grows in diameter greater extent (10.45%) when applied irrigation treatment that involves a moderate water deficit.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Fire history in the <i>Araucaria araucana</i> forests of Argentina: human and climate influences

Little is known about drivers and trends of historic fire regimes in the Araucaria araucana forests of south-western Argentina. Fire history in these forests was reconstructed by the analysis of 246 fire-scarred partial cross-sections from this fire-resistant tree collected at 10 sites in Neuquén, northern Patagonia. Fire chronologies showed an increase in fire occurrence during the nineteenth century and a sharp decrease since the early twentieth century. The creation of Lanín National Park in 1937, the change in human activities, and the active suppression of wildfires led to a significant increase in mean fire intervals since 1930. In addition to these multidecadal to centennial scale drives of fire frequency, interannual variability in wildfire activity was associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Years of widespread fire are related to negative departures of both Niño 3.4 and Pacific Decadal Oscillation indexes (i.e. La Niña conditions), as well as coincident phases of positive Southern Annular Mode and La Niña events. Temporal variations in the Araucaria fire history in Argentina clearly show the combined effect of human and climate influences on fire regimes. A comparison with previous fire history studies in the Araucaria forests of Chile reveals substantial differences related to differences in human activities on both sides of the Andes and the earlier implementation of protected areas in Argentina.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y ForestalesLaboratorio de Investigación de Sistemas Ecológicos y Ambientale

Impacto de la condición de aridez en el desarrollo ambientalmente sustentable de ciudades oasis : El caso del arbolado urbano en el Área Metropolitana de Mendoza

El modelo de desarrollo urbano del Área Metropolitana de Mendoza se sustenta ambientalmente en una importante estructura verde. Dada la condición árida del emplazamiento y con el objeto de postular estrategias que garanticen su permanencia en el medio urbano, el trabajo cuantifica el grado de tolerancia a la sequía que alcanzan las especies que conforman el arbolado en la ciudad. Se presenta la metodología de análisis y los resultados de la evaluación del impacto del déficit hídrico en el crecimiento de ejemplares jóvenes de “morera” (Morus alba L.), especie cuya representatividad alcanza el 38,27%. Los resultados muestran que las variables de crecimiento -altura y área foliar- están directamente relacionadas a la disponibilidad del recurso hídrico, mientras que el diámetro de tallos crece en mayor medida (10,45%) cuando se aplica un tratamiento de riego que implica un déficit hídrico moderado.The urban development model of Mendoza’s Metropolitan Area is based on an important environmental green structure. Given the arid condition of the site is necessary to quantify the degree of drought tolerance that reaches the species making up the trees in the city. This study seeks to apply strategies to optimize their management and culture so as to ensure their growth in urban areas. The paper presents the analysis methodology and results of the evaluation of the impact of water deficit on growth of young trees of "mulberry” (Morus alba), whose representation reaches 38.27%. The results show that the growth variables -height and leaf area- are directly related to the availability of water resources; while the stem grows in diameter greater extent (10.45%) when applied irrigation treatment that involves a moderate water deficit.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES