Cyberbullying: A Resource for School-aged Children, Adolescents, and Parents in Milton, Vermont

Cyberbullying occurs when harmful words or actions by one or more persons are intentionally and repeatedly directed against another person in the digital world through text message, social media, e-mail, apps, online video games, forums, etc. Today, more children and adolescents are connected to the internet than ever before, which puts them at risk of becoming victims of cyberbullying. Many victims, as well as parents of victims, may not be familiar with the resources that are available to them in the areas in which they live when concerns of cyberbullying arise. Therefore, the goal of this project was to create a pamphlet with information about cyberbullying, including local resources for victims of cyberbullying, to be made available to children, adolescents, and parents in Milton, Vermont.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/fmclerk/1495/thumbnail.jp

Analyzing Laminated Structures from Fibre-Reinforced Composite Material: An Assessment

In the open literature there is available a tremendous number of models and methods for analyzing laminated structures. With respect to the assumptions across the laminate thickness, theories with Cz1-continuous functions are to be distinguished from layer-wise approaches, where for the latter the functional degrees of freedom can be dependent or independent of the number of layers. Transverse shear and normal stresses are more accurate when obtained by locally evaluating the equilibrium conditions. Guidelines are needed as to which model is suitable for what task. Especially for layer-wise models a fair judgment is missing. To ease up this deficiency two simple layer-wise models are evaluated and compared with models based on Cz1-continuous functions. It turns out that for standard application the FSDT with improved transverse shear stiffness is a good choice with respect to efficiency

Visualization of oxygen distribution patterns caused by coral and algae.

Planar optodes were used to visualize oxygen distribution patterns associated with a coral reef associated green algae (Chaetomorpha sp.) and a hermatypic coral (Favia sp.) separately, as standalone organisms, and placed in close proximity mimicking coral-algal interactions. Oxygen patterns were assessed in light and dark conditions and under varying flow regimes. The images show discrete high oxygen concentration regions above the organisms during lighted periods and low oxygen in the dark. Size and orientation of these areas were dependent on flow regime. For corals and algae in close proximity the 2D optodes show areas of extremely low oxygen concentration at the interaction interfaces under both dark (18.4 ± 7.7 µmol O2 L(- 1)) and daylight (97.9 ± 27.5 µmol O2 L(- 1)) conditions. These images present the first two-dimensional visualization of oxygen gradients generated by benthic reef algae and corals under varying flow conditions and provide a 2D depiction of previously observed hypoxic zones at coral algae interfaces. This approach allows for visualization of locally confined, distinctive alterations of oxygen concentrations facilitated by benthic organisms and provides compelling evidence for hypoxic conditions at coral-algae interaction zones

Eine einfache Methode zur Ermittlung aller Querspannungen in Faserverbundplatten als Voraussetzung einer verbesserten Versagensanalyse

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Feather growth rate and mass in nearctic passerines with variablemigratory behavior and molt pattern

Bird species vary greatly in the duration of their annual complete feather molt. However, such variation is not well documented in birds from many biogeographic areas, which restricts our understanding of the diversification of molt strategies. Recent research has revealed that molt duration can be estimated in passerines from ptilochronology-based measurements of the growth rate of their tail feathers. We used this approach to explore how molt duration varied in 98 Nearctic species that have different migratory strategies and molt patterns. As previously documented for Palearctic species, migration was associated with a shortening of molt duration among species that molted during summer on their breeding range. However, molts of winter-molting migratory species were as long as those of summer-molting sedentary species, which suggests that winter molt also allows Nearctic migrants to avoid the temporal constraints experienced during summer. Our results also suggest that migratory species that undergo a stopover molt within the Mexican monsoon region have the shortest molt duration among all Nearctic passerines. Interestingly, and contrary to expectations from a potential tradeoff between molt duration and feather quality, observed variation in feather growth rate was positively correlated with differences in tail feather mass, which may be caused by differences among groups in the availability of resources for molting. We encourage the use of similar approaches to study the variation in molt duration in other geographic areas where knowledge of the evolution of molt is limited.

Degradation investigation in a postbuckling composite stiffened fuselage panel

COCOMAT is a four-year project under the European Commission 6th Framework Programme that aims to exploit the large strength reserves of composite structures through a more accurate prediction of collapse. Accordingly, one of the COCOMAT work packages involves the design of test panels with a focus on investigating the progression of composite damage mechanisms. This paper presents the collaborative results of some of the partners for this task. Different design alternatives were investigated for fuselage-representative test panels. Non-linear structural analyses were performed using MSC.Nastran and ABAQUS/Standard. Numerical predictions were also made applying a stress-based adhesive degradation model, previously implemented into a material user subroutine for ABAQUS/Standard. Following this, a fracture mechanics analysis using MSC.Nastran was performed along all interfaces between the skin and stiffeners, to examine the stiffener disbonding behaviour of each design. On the basis of the structural and fracture mechanics analyses, a design was selected as being the most suitable for the experimental investigation within COCOMAT. Though the COCOMAT panels have yet to be manufactured and tested, experimental data on the structural performance and damage mechanisms were available from a separate project for a panel identical to the selected design. This data was compared to the structural, degradation and fracture mechanics predictions made using non-linear finite element solutions, and the application of the design within the COCOMAT project was discussed

Gaussian regression and optimal finite dimensional linear models

The problem of regression under Gaussian assumptions is treated generally. The relationship between Bayesian prediction, regularization and smoothing is elucidated. The ideal regression is the posterior mean and its computation scales as O(n3), where n is the sample size. We show that the optimal m-dimensional linear model under a given prior is spanned by the first m eigenfunctions of a covariance operator, which is a trace-class operator. This is an infinite dimensional analogue of principal component analysis. The importance of Hilbert space methods to practical statistics is also discussed

Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with optimized high-harmonic pulses using frequency-doubled Ti:Sapphire lasers

Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (trARPES) using femtosecond extreme ultraviolet high harmonics has recently emerged as a powerful tool for investigating ultrafast quasiparticle dynamics in correlated-electron materials. However, the full potential of this approach has not yet been achieved because, to date, high harmonics generated by 800 nm wavelength Ti:Sapphire lasers required a trade-off between photon flux, energy and time resolution. Photoemission spectroscopy requires a quasi-monochromatic output, but dispersive optical elements that select a single harmonic can significantly reduce the photon flux and time resolution. Here we show that 400 nm driven high harmonic extreme-ultraviolet trARPES is superior to using 800 nm laser drivers since it eliminates the need for any spectral selection, thereby increasing photon flux and energy resolution to < 150 meV while preserving excellent time resolution of about 30 fs. © 2014 The Authors